Sandeep Grover

Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | PGIMER · Department of Psychiatry

Background There is lack of data on bipolar disorder (BD) type II from India. Aim To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with BD-I and BD-II using the data of the Bipolar Disorder Course and Outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study). Methodology Using the data of the BiD-CoIN study, patients with BD-I and BD-II were c...

Background Little information is available on response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) from India. Aim This exploratory study aims to evaluate and compare the sociodemographic and clinical profiles, treatment outcomes of BD patients with depression and mania/mixed episode who received ECT and to evaluate t...

Aim The study aims to assess the feasibility of developing cognitive tools and integrating the cloud‐enabled mobile‐based technology into routine clinical practice for psychotic patients. Furthermore, it aims to investigate the correlation between the results obtained using developed tools and established clinical measures, offering valuable insigh...

Objective: The authors proposed catatonia diagnostic criteria that require the presence of three neuropsychiatric symptom clusters, rated over 24 hours; this system differs from other symptom clustering proposals and is intended to increase diagnostic rigor over Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) or DSM-5 criteria. Methods: By applying...

Alcohol use disorder is a common mental health issue with life-threatening consequences like sustaining polytrauma while driving under the influence of alcohol. Such patients frequently require surgical interventions. Because of the alcohol dependence, they have a high risk of developing alcohol withdrawal (including delirium tremens) immediately b...

There is limited information on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients having a cardiac pacemaker. The aim of the study was to present a case of an older woman with an implanted permanent cardiac pacemaker who presented with recurrent catatonia in the background of recurrent depressive disorder, a current episode of severe depressio...

Background There is a lack of comprehensive data sources on various rating instruments that have been developed, translated, and adapted in Indian context. Aim Accordinly, this review aimed to compile the available scales/questionnaires/instruments developed, adapted, and translated for use in India. Methods For this, the search engines like PUBM...

Vaginismus is a complex condition to manage, and in the presence of a partner, management becomes more complex as it involves the engagement of both partners. Besides addressing vaginismus, the management may involve addressing additional issues such as marital disharmony, situational erectile dysfunction in the partner, infertility, mental morbidi...

Objective We aimed to assess risk of COVID-19 infection & seroprotection status in healthcare workers (HCWs) in both hospital and community settings following an intensive vaccination drive in India. Setting Tertiary Care Hospital Methods We surveyed COVID-19 exposure risk, personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance, vaccination status, menta...

In routine clinical practice, some patients consume overdose of more than one medication, that makes it difficult to identify the toxic syndrome. In this report, we present the case of a 16-year female who was brought to the emergency with an alleged account of an overdose of tablet lithium and tablet escitalopram. A 16-year female, suffering from...

Over the years, there has been an increase in the use of telepsychiatry services for the management of various psychiatric disorders. In terms of the management of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), emerging data suggests that exposure and response prevention (ERP) can be done through telepsychiatry services. However, most of this data are in ter...

Background There is limited data on the prevalence, symptom profile, and etiology of catatonia among the elderly. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, symptom profile, and primary etiology of catatonia among elderly patients (≥60 years) admitted to an indoor acute care psychiatric unit of a general hospital setting. Methodology For th...

Aim The present study aimed to compare the clinical profile, indications for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), effectiveness of ECT, and complications associated with the use of ECT among elderly and adult patients. Methodology Using a retrospective study design, data from patients with a diagnosis of unipolar depression, who received ECT between J...

Background Catatonia has been reported with withdrawal of medications. Among the various psychotropics, clozapine has been implicated to cause catatonia when abruptly withdrawn. The data regarding clozapine withdrawal catatonia are scarce and are mostly available in the form of case reports and series. Aim In this case series, we present three cas...

Background There is limited data on use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for management of psychiatric disorders during the postpartum period from India. Aim We aimed to assess the demographic and clinical profile of patients receiving ECT during the postpartum period for various psychiatric disorders using a retrospective study design. Methods...

Background Very few studies have compared different diagnostic approaches to diagnose depression in patients with cancers. Aim To compare the different diagnostic approaches used for diagnosing depression in patients with cancers. Methodology This cross-sectional study included 200 patients (diagnosed with cancer at least 3 months prior to recrui...

Background Limited interventions exist on reducing unwanted screen time (ST) among children from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), so we developed and assessed the effectiveness of the program to lower unwanted media screen time (PLUMS) among children aged 2–5 years in Chandigarh, Union Territory, North India. Methods An open-label randomi...

The aim of this perspective is to promote the theory of salutogenesis as a novel approach to addressing ophthalmologic inflammatory conditions, illustrating several concepts in which it is based upon and how they can be applied to medical practice. This theory can better contextualize why patients with similar demographics and exposures are not uni...

Background Postoperative delirium is a common complication in patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. We aimed to minimize the incidence with an oral dose of 3 mg of melatonin administered the night before surgery. Methods Hundred and sixty-two patients aged 40–80 years posted for various urological and gastrointestinal surg...

Objective To assess the emotional problems associated with digital-screen exposure (DSE) among 2–5-year-old children in Chandigarh, North India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 randomly selected families with children aged 2–5 years using the validated DSE questionnaire and the standard preschool-child behavior checklist fr...

Objective: To determine whether enteral melatonin decreases the incidence of delirium in critically ill adults. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, adults were admitted to the intensive care unit and received either usual standard care alone (Control Group) or in combination with 3mg of enteral melatonin once a day at 9 PM (Melatonin G...

In 2019, an estimated one in eight people globally was living with a mental disorder. The (point) prevalence of mental disorders was around 13%. Pre-pandemic, an estimated 970 million people in the world were living with a mental disorder, 82% of whom were in low- and middle-income countries. The treatment gap for severe mental health conditions is...

Dhat Syndrome is a culture-bound syndrome, that is most commonly reported from India. A detailed assessment is of paramount importance for proper management of Dhat syndrome. Assessment should focus on the age of onset of symptoms, the whole range of symptoms, attribution of symptoms (i.e., loss of semen to be responsible for the various symptoms),...

Purpose of review Urbanization, a complex global phenomenon, has a significant bearing on schizophrenia/psychosis burden through various socioeconomic and environmental factors. This review focuses on recent evidence (2019–2023) linking urbanization, schizophrenia, and the role of green space. Recent findings This review analyzed 43 articles that...

Background The Suicidal Narrative Inventory (SNI) is a 38-item self-report measure developed to assess elements of the suicidal narrative, a subacute, predominantly cognitive, presuicidal construct. Our objectives were to assess the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the SNI-38 among adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods...

Background Loneliness in the elderly is of public health importance as it is a risk factor for adverse consequences. There is lack of data on loneliness among the elderly population of India, especially those residing in a rural community. Aim To estimate loneliness and its association with depression and caregiver abuse. Materials and Methodolog...

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the psychological morbidity, depression, anxiety disorder, level of stress, and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) among patients with acne and also to examine the relationship of BDD with the psychological morbidity, stress, and severity of acne. Materials and Methods One hundred and fifteen adult patients with acne w...

Consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) is a subspecialty of clinical psychiatry that includes clinical, teaching, and research activities of psychiatrists and allied mental health professionals in the nonpsychiatric divisions of a general hospital. The development of C-L psychiatry began slowly in the early 20 th century (1900–1930s), when psychiatr...

How to cite this article: Niyogi SG, Naskar C, Singh A, Kumar B, Grover S. Author Response. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(2):188.

Background As clinical practices with lithium salts for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) are poorly documented in Asia, we studied the prevalence and clinical correlates of lithium use there to support international comparisons. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of use and dosing of lithium salts for BD patients across 13 A...

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar se a melatonina enteral diminui a incidência de delirium em adultos em estado grave. Métodos: Neste estudo controlado e randomizado, os adultos foram admitidos à unidade de terapia intensiva e/ou receberam apenas o padrão de cuidado habitual (Grupo Controle) ou o tratamento combinado com 3mg de melatonina enteral uma vez...

Aims and background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common mental health disorder. It is a multifactorial disease and the pathophysiology is not clear, which results in fewer available options for treatment and more treatment-resistant cases. The development of early diagnostic and prognostic markers will help in the reduction of the...

Objective The fundamental disconnect between the actual and the perceived health of an individual raises considerable skepticism on the self-reported health data as it may be confounded by an individual’s socio-economic status. In this light, the present study aims to assess if people with different sociodemographic backgrounds value their health d...

In a subgroup of patients, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with organic conditions such as head injury. In general, different studies evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions in patients with OCD exclude patients with OCD associated with organic conditions. Hence, there is l...

The World Health Organization (WHO) and American Psychiatric Association (APA) have recognised premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) as an independent diagnostic entity, legitimising the distress and socio-occupational impairment experienced by affected women. However, the biological validity of this diagnosis remains inexplicit. This illness has...

Background Despite clozapine being the gold standard for treating patients suffering from treatment-resistant schizophrenia, the experience and attitude of patients receiving clozapine for a long duration and their caregivers have not been evaluated, especially in India and other low-middle-income countries. Also, no standardized scale has been val...

Aim and Background Delirium is highly prevalent in the immediate postoperative period following cardiac surgery and adversely impacts outcomes. Melatonin has been increasingly used in pharmacological prevention of delirium. We aimed to synthesize the available evidence concerning the role of melatonin and melatonin agonists in preventing delirium i...

Background: The revised Suicide Crisis Inventory (SCI)-2 is a self-report measure to assess the suicide crisis syndrome (SCS). We aimed to assess the factor structure, reliability, and validity of SCI-2 among adults with major depression. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, between November 2021 and August 2022, the Hindi SCI-2, along with ot...

Background Acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD) was recognized as separate from other psychotic disorders and described in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) tenth revision for the first time. A lot of research on ATPD has been conducted in India over the last six decades, but a review focusing exclusively on Indian researc...

Esta guía internacional propone mejorar los prospectos de la clozapina en todo el mundo mediante la inclusion de información sobre la titulación del fármaco en función de la ascendencia del paciente. Las bases de datos de reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) sugieren que la clozapina es el tercer fármaco más tóxico en los Estados Unidos de Amér...

Objectives: To compare the etiology, phenomenology and motor subtype of delirium in patients with and without an underlying dementia. Methods: A combined dataset (n = 992) was collated from two databases of older adults (>65 years) from liaison psychiatry and palliative care populations in Ireland and India. Phenomenology and severity of deliriu...

Background & objectives: Mental health issues in pregnancy have adverse implications on the quality of life, however still they go unevaluated and underreported. Women with previous history of abortions or stillbirth may have a higher risk of experiencing mental health problems. The present investigation was aimed to study the prevalence of depres...

Background: Little information is available on clozapine discontinuation rates in developing country settings. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and reasons clinicians stopped clozapinine in patients after initiating treatment with the same. In addition, the study also aimed to assess the rechallenge rate, that is, restartin...

Introduction: Countries develop their EQ-5D-5L value sets using the EuroQol Valuation Technology (EQ-VT) protocol. This study aims to assess if extension in the conventional EQ-VT design can lead to development of value sets with improved precision. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in a representative sample of 3,548 adult respon...

Aim This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and suicidal behavior by using a structured diagnostic interview in patients of chronic kidney disease currently on dialysis. An additional aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of psychiatric morbidity on quality of life (QOL). Methodology One hundred and ten patients u...

Background With the rapidly expanding digital world over the past decade and more to the current context of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, where online activities have replaced most of the offline activities, it is important to understand bullying, which has crossed from its traditional domain of offline to online and is understood as cyber...

Background Pregnancy and postpartum periods are one of the most transformative times in a woman’s life, especially the first 3–12 months postpartum. This period holds a great significance from the psychiatric point of view, as women are at an increased risk of developing various psychiatric disorders. In the recent times, many reviews have emerged...

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the disability and its correlates in persons with Bipolar Disorder during the remission phase. Materials and Methods As part of the multicentric study, 773 patients with bipolar disorder, currently in clinical remission, were evaluated for disability on the Indian Disability Assessment Evaluation Scale. Results Ab...

Background There are limited number of studies evaluating insight among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Aim This study aimed to examine insight and its correlates in BD using the data from the multicenter BD course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN). The additional aim was to evaluate the insight in patients with BD using different scale...

Background The rates of medication non-adherence among Indian patients with schizophrenia are high, and its detection poses problems. Comparisons of suitable measures to detect medication non-adherence in schizophrenia from Indian outpatient settings are scarce. Aim This study compared simple and inexpensive methods of detecting medication non-adh...

Introduction: Integrated care is likely to improve outcomes in strained healthcare systems while limiting costs. NCD clinics were introduced under the "National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Stroke" (NPCDCS) in India; however, there is limited literature on the costs of delivering tobacco ces...

Aripiprazole, a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication, is an efficacious treatment for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, its effects on pregnancy and lactation are not yet fully documented. Despite aripiprazole being available since 2002, there is only limited information on the risks and benefits of this treatment during preg...

Background and aim: The present study aimed to assess the treatment dropout rates, reasons for treatment dropout, and clozapine discontinuation rate among patients attending a tertiary care center in North India. Materials and methods: Clozapine data bank was used to identify patients on clozapine, and their treatment records were reviewed for t...

Background: There is a lack of data on the use of continuation electroconvulsive therapy (C-ECT) from India. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of patients receiving C-ECT. Materials and methods: The ECT register was used to identify patients receiving C-ECT (ECT after completion of an acute course, to ma...

Background and aim: There is limited literature on the prevalence of mixed features in patients with depression, especially from countries in Asia. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of "mixed features" in patients with first-episode depression. Materials and methods: Patients with first-episode depression were evaluated for the presence of...

Background: Clozapine is a gold standard treatment for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, the patients' and caregivers' perception and their experience with clozapine has remained much less explored. Aim: To review the available literature on the patients' and caregivers' attitudes, perceptions, and experiences with clozapine. Methodol...

Background Among the extra-glandular symptoms in primary sjogren’s syndrome (pSS), fatigue and pain are the most common. Fatigue is a poorly understood phenomenon with multi-faceted involvement. Therefore, it is important to assess the severity of fatigue and describe its various dimensions while assessing fatigue. On the other hand, fatigue is als...

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiorgan involvement presenting with a myriad of symptoms, including neuropsychiatric symptoms. Although many studies have evaluated screening questionnaires based psychiatric morbidity, very few studies have used contemporary diagnostic criteria. Objective: This stud...

Background: While telepsychiatry became a prominent and widely used service in the COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdown, data regarding the patient's experience of telepsychiatry consultations is lacking. Materials and methods: In this study, we attempted to understand the experience and level of satisfaction of 129 patients receiving psychiatry c...

Depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and fatigue are inadequately addressed comorbidities in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). We determined the prevalence, severity, determinants, and the impact of these comorbidities on quality-of-life (QoL) in GPA. This observational study included adult GPA patients; patients with RA and lupus were in...

Background One of the ’best buys’ for preventing Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is to reduce tobacco use. The synergy scenario of NCDs with tobacco use necessitates converging interventions under two vertical programs to address co-morbidities and other collateral benefits. The current study was undertaken with an objective to ascertain the feasi...

Background: Recovery in psychosis is a multidimensional construct. The numbers of studies specially focusing on the recovery aspects in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) are limited, with no study from India. Further, no study has looked specifically into the variables that affect recovery process in patients with FEP and little is known...