Samuel Sanni

• B.Tech., M.Sc & Ph.D Chemical Engineering
• Professor (Associate) at Covenant University

Green hydrogen (GH) production in offshore environments refers to the use of renewable resource, particularly offshore wind, to generate hydrogen through electrolysis. This approach offers advantages such as high renewable capacity, minimal land use, and potential repurposing of existing oil and gas infrastructure. However, significant challenges i...

Hydrocarbon extraction from underground reservoirs is often associated by water or salt-water, known as produced water. As the reservoir matures, the amount of water increases and often exceeds the relative hydrocarbons before the reservoir is depleted, especially when secondary or tertiary production processes are used to enhance production. Membr...

Nanocomposites (NCs) that integrate various metal nanoparticles with carbon-based materials have garnered significant attention due to their synergistic physicochemical properties and broad applicability in environmental and biomedical fields. In this...

Chitosan-based membranes are promising alternatives to synthetic membranes in a number of specialized use cases, including water purification and electrochemical devices. In application, excessive swelling when hydrated can lead to poor mechanical integrity, necessitating modifications to the polymer so as to counter this effect. Embedding inorg...

The need for renewable and environmentally-friendly energy has created a necessity for effective energy storage. Hydrogen, a carbon-neutral energy carrier, is a known flexible and adaptable alternative energy source. Dependable and extensive storage is essential because of the variability of renewable energy and the difficulties associated with its...

Carbon is one of the most beneficial elements on the earth as it constitutes most of the compounds in existence. Carbon has been of great utility in the production of several compounds, and it is not found alone in high amounts on the earth. Several forms or allotropes of carbon have been in existence and of major use. Allotropes such as diamond ar...

In many parts of the world, the availability of clean water is almost an impossible task owing to the intrusion of contaminants in flowing or stagnant streams which renders them unsafe for use by man. Water pollution is a serious environmental problem that poses serious dangers to humans, the environment and aquatic life. Also, the recent rise in t...

Natural tara and oak gall nut tannins, which lack corrosion inhibitive properties, were modified using gum arabic and tested against microbial corrosion induced by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans under isothermal condition (28°C). Mild steel coated with the modified tannins was exposed to the causative under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Based on...

This study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating both velocity trend and effective stress in overpressure and sediment compaction prediction. Incorporating both strategies into overpressure forecasting is shown to be helpful in this study. The gamma ray, density, neutron, acoustic, and deep resistivity records from the X-Field deep offshore...

Natural gas is one of the major energy sources in today's world. The gas is usually associated with some amount of water in reservoirs. Oftentimes, the presence of contaminants such as CO2, H2S, salts, and water renders the gas impure for use such that its combustion properties are altered. The incursion of water into natural gas is a natural pheno...

Photo-catalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol is a direct path to producing energy from the sun. The production of methanol via photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a modified catalyst was investigated. The photo-catalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol is considered a direct path to producing energy from the sun since it involves using solar ener...

Biomass gasifcation is one of the most viable approaches for exploiting biomass. It systemically employs several agents in stimulating the desired reactions that lead to the conversion of biomass feed stocks to fuels/other products. Owing to the biodiversity of the products of biomass gasifcation, they are fast becoming substitutes for fossil-based...

In view of the lapses inherent in traditional gas sweetening technologies (Selexol, flucor and Rectisol processes) amidst the evident role of natural gas in modern day society, it has become essential to consider new/potential solvents for removing CO2/H2S/mercaptans from natural gas so as to have a clean, safe and salable gas (< 2-3% CO2) which is...

One way to solve environmental and energy related problems is to use carbon dioxide as a raw material along with renewable H2 to make useful chemicals and goods from those alternative energy sources. Several compo�sitions of xNi-MCM-41/MgO-Pr2O3 were used for CO2 methanation via the hydrothermal synthesis method. Techniques such as TEM, H2-TPD, X...

In recent times, energy is being sourced from biofuel as replacement for fossil fuel owing to the constant depletion of fossils which renders the world’s energy reserve in a state of anarchy. The tilt to biofuel is borne out of the quest for an alternative energy source which has the potential of being replenished with considerations for sustainabl...

Diesel engines are a major source of air pollution, which is increasingly endangering both the natural and built environments. The use of H2-enrichment with nano-fuel was adopted in this research. The TiO2-nanoparticles�Afzelia-Africana biodiesel was blended with H2 for use in diesel engine. 25 ppm of TiO2 nanoparticles was admixed with the biofuel...

Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) properties give vital information about pollution signatures in rivers, and they help develop best management practices (BMPs) for effective water resource management. This work employs multivariate statistical methods, receptor modeling, connectivity analysis, and univariate trend analysis to investigate pollution so...

Under methane dry reforming conditions, Co has an impact on the stability and activity of Co-La1− xCaxNiO3-ZrO2 catalyst. In the course of the reduction reactions of perovskite precursors, the catalytic performance of Co-based bimetallic catalyst was evaluated. TEM, BET, H2-TPR, TGA, NH3-TPD, XRD and CO2-TPD techniques were used to characterize...

There are growing concerns about the toxicity of metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotics in wastewater, which must be removed. This study used AgN/MOF-5 (1:3) to investigate the adsorptive removal of MNZ antibiotics from wastewater. Green synthesis of Ag-nanoparticles was from Argemone mexicana leaf aqueous extract blended with the synthesized MOF-5 in 1:3...

Synthetic Fe-CaO-Ni-mayenite-CeO 2 catalyst was adopted in the production of H 2-rich gas from formed tar obtained from biomass-plastic pyrolysis and gasification. The molar ratio of the individual components in the catalyst (Fe-CaO-Ni-mayenite-CeO 2) is 1:1:1: 1:2 as designed for the catalytic reforming of tar. The steam flow rate was fixed at 0.5...

This study used aluminum scraps to produce a secondary aluminum metal matrix for heat storage analyses. Silica and kaolin reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites were successfully produced via stir casting. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed for phase and microstructure characterization. XRD reveale...

Graphene is a super-carbon-allotrope which has found unprecedented applications in medicine, especially in areas such as drug-containment and delivery, due to its attainment of uniquely induced properties when doped with nanoparticles. In theranostics, graphene aids the destruction of cancerous cells toward improving the tendencies for human surviv...

Biocatalytic sensors are devices which consist of bioactive functionally grafted layers of catalysts or analytical pieces which are in contact with transducers that help to convert biological signals into electrical pulses. They are essentially distinct materials whose design, application, immobilization, and transducing capacities induce/infuse di...

Owing to strict emission-policies, vehicle manufacturers are mandated to control hazardous emissions from diesel engines. One novel step adopted in this work, is the use of hydrogen enrichment with nano-fuel, where TiO 2 nanoparticles-Afzelia Africana biodiesel-mix was blended with hydrogen for use in a diesel engine. 25 ppm TiO 2 nanoparticles wer...

Polysaccharide-based composites are materials sourced from plants that can help maintain the high quality and extended shelf life of pharmaceutical products at moderate to cold temperatures. In some instances, plant-extracts such as cellulose, alginate, and starch blended with other bioactive agents are employed in improving the properties of these...

Carbon capture has become a very important method for curbing the problems associated with the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which in turn has detrimental effects on the planet and its inhabitants. Ionic liquids and membrane separation have been explored in this review paper as effective means of capturing carbon dioxide. An innova...

One of the essential properties of natural gas is its compressibility factor (z-factor), which is required for the efficient design of natural gas pipelines, storage facilities, gas well testing, gas reserve estimation, etc. Its importance has led to the development of several approaches involving new laboratory methods, equations of state (EOS), e...

In refrigeration systems, a pertinent problem hunting efficient energy recovery is one ascribed to low thermal conductivities of the compressor oil and coolants. Hence, in this study, copper and silicon nanoparticles were synthesized via advanced techniques and used to induce higher heat conductivities/electrical potentials in a compressor oil so a...

The consequences of highly saline freshwater on the ecosystem and humans are quite alarming and have gained little attention in recent times. Progressive advances in pervaporation have helped to unlock its potentials in the desalination of salty streams. In this study, desalination of lagoon-water using cellulose acetate membrane (CAM) and its copp...

The optimal approach to reducing surface torque when drilling uses oil-based or synthetic-based mud systems instead of aqueous mud systems. However, lower surface torque and drag can be achieved by lowering the water-based mud friction factors using lubricant additives. Torque can be reduced up to 25% with the suitable mud lubricant additives. Lubr...

Owing to strict emission-policies, vehicle manufacturers are mandated to control emissions from diesel engines. To comply with such policies, one of the novel steps adopted in this study, is the use of hydrogen enriched biogas (HE-B) from chicken droppings and pig manure admixed biodiesel. Different fuel-samples were made available. The ratio of bi...

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are a class of nucleic acid-based drugs that are capable of hindering gene expressions by meddling/interacting with a messenger RNA (mRNA) prior translation when administered as part of gene therapy. The mechanism of discovery of RNA via gene silencing, as induced by double-stranded RNAs, makes siRNAs ideal drug cand...

Direct conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons by hydrogenation was used in the production of light olefins. Hydrothermal coating and physical blending procedures were used to synthesize Y2O3/Fe-Co-SAPO-34 in this study. Based on the results from characterization, a unique micro-mesoporous structural composite with co-existing basic and acidic sites was...

This study investigates the effects of selected petrophysical properties on predicting flowing well bottomhole pressure. To efficiently situate the essence of this investigation, the genetic, imperialist competitive and whale optimization algorithms were used in predicting the bottomhole pressure of a reservoir using production data and some select...

Abstract: We investigated the occurrence of microplastics in samples of borehole drinking water and sediments obtained from borehole sites in Lagos Island, Nigeria. The samples were digested with hydrogen peroxide, pretreated, and filtered through a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The filtered microplastics were examined/analyzed under an attenua...

The effect of catalytic reforming of volatiles from pyrolysis of walnut shell using an innovative catalyst was investigated in this study. The analysis was conducted in a two-stage fixed bed reactor operated at 700–1100 oC. The prepared Ni/olivine/La2O3/ZrO2 catalyst had a significant performance on the catalytic tar reforming reactions. In the cat...

Due to its remarkable water stability, chromium-based metal-organic framework (MIL-53(Cr) has the capacity in removing 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4 DCP) from aqueous solutions, but its weak adsorption capacity limits its utilization. In this work, cationic graphene-based polymer composite (GP) was successfully synthesized with (MIL-53(Cr)) [GP/MIL-53(Cr...

Bionanocomposites are polymer-composites, comprising of nanosized materials blended into polymers, plastics and fibres for industrial and other applications. Although similarities exist among several varieties of this class of compounds, their properties vary owing to the methods employed in producing them, hence, they appear nacre-like or stacked...

Investigation was carried out on the engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a CI engine using biodiesel-nanoparticulate fuel-system formulated using ultrasonicated cerium, aluminum and titanium oxide nanoparticles mixed with Styrax officinalis L. seed oil methyl esters. The nanofluids were prepared using 75, 58, and 83 ppm o...

Numerous studies have indicated that the extraction of hydrocarbons from the subsurface is accompanied by the production of large volumes of solid and liquid wastes. An increasing body of literature suggests that various hazards and risks are intrinsic to both exploration and production operations. Waste management is one of the most critical facto...

Air pollution is currently an issue of great concern due to the increase in anthropogenic, economic, industrial and social activities that release high concentrations of aerosols, NOx, CO2 and greenhouse gases into the environment. According to reports from World Health Organization (2019), about 91% of the global populace reside in areas affected...

Since the 21st century, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has accelerated data driven innovations that are adaptable and undoubtedly efficient in today’s digital world. This technology complements human intelligence by creating the enabling environment that delivers the will power to handle environmental issues such as water pollution. Pollut...

Primary oil recovery is the first stage of hydrocarbon production in which a reservoir uses its natural energy to force hydrocarbon to its wellbore. Secondary oil recovery comes to play when hydrocarbons can no longer be further produced by natural means. The purpose of secondary recovery is to maintain reservoir pressure so as to displace hydrocar...

Hitherto, the myriad of researches conducted on biofuels coupled with their poor oxida-tive stabilities, show that none of these studies has considered monitoring the corrosive effects of Schinzochytrium sp. microalgae biodiesel on diesel engines. In this study, corrosion behaviors of mild steel (MS), aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) were compared via...

The continuous depletion of the earth’s natural reserves has spurred recent research towards searching for alternative fuels. In addition, it is common knowledge that the conventional gasoline from fossils is associated with high gaseous emissions owing to its hydrocarbon content and high flammability when in contact with air in automobile engines....

The quest for a sustainable future for transport-fuels has led to the consideration of advanced methods of admixing fossil fuels without compromising their qualities; this is aimed at improving/complementing the properties of these fuels for high engine performance. Owing to the high abundance of biomass from which alternative fuels can be sourced...

Commercialization of biofuels as alternative fuels to conventional diesel fuel for application as transport-fuels for diesel engines is fast becoming attainable owing to the merits offered by the inclusion of significant quantities of an alcohol (ethanol) and a member of the “ether” group (dimethyl ether) as additives or property-improvers for biof...

In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as a property improvers for fuel obtained from Nannochloropsis oculate for application in a compression ignition engine. The engine's performance was monitored in accordance with its newly induced characteristics. The fixed biodiesel ratio was blended with different proportions of MWCNT...

The supersonic dehydration of natural gas is gaining more attention due to its numerous advantages over the conventional natural gas dehydration technologies. However, supersonic separators have seen minimal field applications despite the multiple benefits over other gas dehydration techniques. This has been mostly attributed to the uncertainty in...

Oil and gas metering is primarily used as the basis for evaluating the economic viability of oil wells. Owing to the economic implications of oil and gas metering, the subject of oil and gas flow rate measurement has witnessed a sustained interest by the oil and gas community and the academia. To the best of the authors' knowledge, despite the grow...

In lieu of the fact that modern-day research is saddled with the responsibility of replacing/supplementing fossil fuels with biodiesel for use in diesel engines, the challenge still remains the need to improve the properties of biofuels towards stimulating high engine compatibility and performance. Despite the advances made in improving biofuels su...

This research aims to test the suitability of a blend of Camelina sativa biodiesel and acetylated diethyl ether as fuel for compression ignition (CI) engines in terms of engine emission, performance, and combustion properties. A Kiloskar TV 1 diesel engine was used to test the fuel samples: Camelina sativa biodiesel (71% v/v) and dimethyl ether ble...

Controlling the filtration characteristics of any drilling fluid does not only include the control of the filtrate volume penetrating into the formation; but also the ability of the mud to deposit a thin low-permeability filter cake on the wall of the wellbore quickly. The permeability of the filter cake is very dependent on the particle size becau...

Hyroconversion of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) was induced via atomic hydrogen substitution and 0.5-2 M polydisperse cobalt nanoparticles (40-500 d.nm) which were synthesized via a modified-polyol route. The cobalt nanoparticles and hydrogen incursion in the4-CP helped to enforce the hydroconversion (HDC) reaction of 4-CP. The reaction runs were conducted...

Innovative membrane processes are considered a very important segment of controllable separation processes, such as water treatment, gas separation and organic purification. One of the challenges in membrane technology is the challenge of selecting and fabricating membrane material for excellent selectivity and good permeability for selected partic...

The increase in energy demand and depletion of oil reserves has prompted researchers to seek alternative fuels for compression ignition engines. In this study, the characteristics of the fuels obtained from waste tyres/plastics were determined and compared with those of diesel fuel. The waste plastic oil was obtained from polyethylene terephthalate...

Adsorption of caffeine from an aqueous solution was carried out using Velvet Tamarind-Pericarp, activated with H3PO4. The adsorbent was characterized using a scanning-electron microscope and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Parameters such as activating agent concentration (80 wt.% in 100 mL solution), initial caffeine concentration of 5−40 g/L, pH of 0...

Owing to the challenges associated with the application of synthetic/non-modified Botryococcus Braunii Microalgae Biodiesel (BBMB), its poor performance in CI engines has resulted in increased tendencies for non-commercialization of its fuel. The properties of a synthetic BBMB were controlled by acetylene addition. In this study, acetylene was indu...

Steam-air gasification of Cymbopogon citratus was carried out to produce syngas and hydrogen in two reactors (fluidized bed reactor and a flow entrained reactor) heated at 600 -1000 oC using Ni/Dolomite/CeO2/K2CO3 catalyst and equal/different steam to biomass ratios (SBRs). The steam-air flow rate was fixed at 4 g/min and 40 % v/v. The gasification...

The adoption of nanodoped membranes in the areas of gas stream separation, water, and wastewater treatments due to the physical and operational advantages of such membranes has significantly increased. The literature has shown that the surface structure and physicochemical properties of nanodoped membranes contribute significantly to the interactio...

Value-focused thinking is often designed to focus our decision on the essential activities that must occur prior to solving a decision problem. This approach was adopted by the Nigerian government in the fiscal legislation for Deep Offshore and Inland Basin Production Sharing Contract (DOIBPSC) Act enacted in 1999 and the subsequent amendment of 20...

The flow of particulates and fluids from a reservoir has been described using different models. However, obtaining one model that has the capacity to simulate all the phenomena existing in a horizontal oil well may be very difficult. The model described here is very flexible and has the capacity to integrate the essential parameters necessary to gi...

Biomass valorization has recently gained wide attention owing to the vast availability of wastes from which essential oils can be extracted, processed and subsequently converted to energy utilities and value added products by taking advantage of the Free Fatty Acid (FFA) contents of the parent bio-oils. The waste materials undergo a conversion proc...

This study comparatively investigates the catalytic activities and degradation kinetics of the produced biodiesels using kaolinite-based heterogeneous catalysts to examine the stability. The performance of the catalysts was tested under the same operating parameter (methanol/oil ratio, 5:1, at 200 °C for 6 h). The obtained biodiesel was analyzed us...

This study synthesized nanosilica from sodium silicate solution using precipitation method for 3:1 ammonia/ethanol ratio, and examines the effectiveness of the nanosilica in formulating high-performance water based mud system. Sodium silicate solution (SSS) is a low-cost precursor than tetraethyl orthosilicate. Three (3) solutions of sodium silicat...

Electric bulb technology evolved over the decades with striking innovations and a corresponding shortcoming. The paper examines the pros and cons of the different bulbs available in the market. It was observed that all bulbs had their unique advantage and disadvantage. However, the review showed that some of the shortcomings can be overcome. Hence,...

Corrosion of mild steel via chemical reaction in a corrosive environment is a problematic occurrence that is very common in oil and gas industries. Corrosion constitutes a huge part of the total costs in the production of oil and gas. Corrosion inhibitors have found interest in the scientific domain because they are mainly understood by their chemi...

Practically, an ideal catalyst for Formic acid-decomposition is one that best suits the reaction and significantly lowers its activation energy and improves the reaction rate under favourable conditions. Several catalysts for Formic Acid (FA)-decomposition reactions were examined. Based on the volcano curve and the potential of copper to give high...

This study used six fields data alongside correlation heat map to evaluate the field parameters that affect the accuracy of bottom hole pressure (BHP) estimation. The six oil field data were acquired using measurement while drilling device to collect surface measurements of the downhole pressure data while drilling. For the two case studies, measur...

The dynamics of viral bioaerosols are unknown; hence, its detection and control may be complicated. In this study, the structural analysis of Influenza A, SARS Coronavirus, and IBV Coronavirus was adequately discussed. The infection pattern of the SARS coronavirus was further investigated using the dataset from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (N...

In several ways, urea is one of the most prominent sources of fixed nitrogen due to its relative abundance in waste water treatment plants. In this study, the wastewater effluent from X-Chemical Industry was considered for hazard analysis in order to ascertain the water quality and impact at the outfall effluent of company X relative to environm...

The drilling fluids should exhibit shear thinning characteristics to have less resistance at high shear rates. Nanoparticles can enhance the rheological properties of drilling fluids using different mechanisms. Nanomaterials are engineered materials with at least one dimension in the range of 1–100 nm. Carbon nanotubes were chosen in this study due...

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) among other enhanced oil recovery (EOR) innovation is an important alternative approach for oil recovery when primary and secondary methods aren’t productive. The responsible factor for MEOR procedure is the microbes and their by-products like biosurfactants, biopolymers and so on, biosurfactants assume key jo...

The ubiquitous demand for thermal energy in domestic and industrial applications, necessitates the need that heating systems, are effectively insulated, portable and occupy less space. This research focuses on the design and fabrication of a portable crucible for insulating a thermal energy storage system operating at high temperature. The insulati...

The effect of carbon dioxide sequestration by Sandcrete structures was investigated as a means of reducing CO2 emissions. Experiments were conducted to determine the concentration of trioxocarbonate IV (CO3)2- in sandcrete samples as well as its effect on soil pH. The results showed that the presence of (CO3)2- in sandcrete samples evidenced the pr...

Globally, environmental challenges have been recognised as a matter of concern. Among these challenges are the reduced availability and quality of drinking water, and greenhouse gases that give rise to change in climate by entrapping heat, which result in respirational illness from smog and air pollution. Globally, the rate of demand for the use of...

Liquid holdup is one of the most significant parameters in multiphase flow. Accurate measurement of liquid holdup is required to calculate pressure drops in oil and gas wells which is essential in analyzing the well production, performance, well designing and optimization. This study reviewed different methods used in measuring liquid holdup and hi...

The monitoring of electric submersible pumps (ESPs) is essential for optimal petroleum artificial lifting operations. Most ESP research are aimed at operation improvement and optimization of the centrifuge multi-stage pump motor and the load that the pump has to discharge which is a function of the pumps mechanical properties and characteristics, l...

Non admixed Natural gas-fuelled diesel engines are usually associated with harsh engine emissions as well as low performances at moderate to high engine loads. However, the use of Moringa biodiesel as additive in hydrogen-compressed natural gas (HCNG) is a viable novel strategy for reducing toxic emissions such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides i...

Remediation in this study employs the use of green plants and their extracts in enhancing the remediation process of polluted soils. GC-MS & FTIR techniques were employed in determining the constituents of the soil during the investigation. 60 ml of the extracts were applied on 1 by 2 ft segments of hydrocarbon polluted site and observed for two mo...

Due to the global menace caused by carbon emissions from environmental, anthropogenic, and industrial processes, it has become expedient to consider the use of systems, with high trapping potentials for these carbon-based compounds. Several prior studies have considered the use of amines, activated carbon, and other solid adsorbents. Advances in ca...

Enhanced oil recovery techniques are deployed to subsequently improve oil production having already employed primary or secondary recovery techniques or both methods simultaneously. Literature have shown that salinity impacts on oil recovery due to wettability alteration, but grain size which is closely related to the mechanical behavior and petrog...

The automotive industry is one major sector that consume material such as plastic at the advanced technological level. Hence, automotive plastics are now gaining attention due to the desire for light weight and low CO2 emission from vehicles. It is therefore anticipated that polymer nanocomposites will significantly enhance the performance of curre...

Previously, applications of composites were limited to the military aerospace. This is because civilian aircraft with composites inclusions was considered to be too expensive. The use of composite in aircrafts, instead of steel, has resulted in lightweight aircraft structures and has consequently reduced the level of fuel consumption and costs of f...

This research investigates the combined effect of grain size and water salinity on oil recovery. Water flooding was carried out using unconsolidated formation from Niger Delta. Five groups consisting of five samples, were tested for the effective interaction of two factors (grain size and salinity) and how they affect oil recovery. Each group was a...

This study investigates the performance of biodiesel produced from distilled waste tire pyrolytic oil through transesterification as a lubricant additive for aqueous drilling fluid systems. Aqueous-based drilling fluids have a high coefficient of friction as compared to oil-based drilling fluids. The inclusion of a biodiesel additive was for smooth...