Sami Gabr

• Research Associate Professor
• Researcher at King Saud University

Background Osteoporosis is often responsible for bone fragility and increased fracture risk due to the micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue. In addition to nutritional supplements, exercise is considered an adjunct factor in safeguarding bone health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 16-week high-intensity interval training...

Background Smartphone addiction significantly impacts the musculoskeletal system, with 79% of younger adults aged 18–44 reporting excessive cell phone use. In addition, rare data exist on the roles of biological markers like 5-HT receptors, oxidative stress markers (TAC, MDA), collagen biomarkers (TIMP-1, TIMP-2), and triglycerides (TG) in the effe...

Background This research investigated how physical activity (PA) might impact the expression of several microRNAs, specifically miR-126, miR-146a, miR-34a, miR-124a, miR-155, and miR-221, in the blood of elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Additionally, the study examined the relationship between these microRNAs and markers of vascular...

Background Higher prevalence rates of diabetes and its complications have been reported among individuals with poor physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle. This study explored the influence of six months of moderate-intensity supervised aerobic training on the serum lipid profile, hs-CRP level, and variable-related correlations in prediabetic...

Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on erectile dysfunction (ED). It has been proposed to affect ED physiologically via the vascular and nervous systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity on endothelial erectile function, sex hormones and sperm production in healthy males. Sixty-one healthy men aged 18-35 years...

Background The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoprotein levels; Lipo (a) markers, and their association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Methods A total of 150 healthy subjects (100 males and 50 females; age range: 65–95 years) were recruited for this study. B...

Background Circulating microRNAs have been implicated in a diverse array of biological and pathological phenomena. Their potential utility as noninvasive biomarkers for screening and diagnosing various diseases has been proposed. Objective This study aimed to explore the potential role of the miRNAs miR-122 and miR-486 as molecular biomarkers in t...

Synthesis of new compounds and testing their biological activities were the major interest of drug development trends. Pyrrole and fused pyrrole rings have been reported as biologically active compounds, especially as anticancer. For producing new compounds containing benzenesulfonamide ring fragments with highly efficient antitumors, new postulati...

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation, pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints typically with a symmetrical pattern on both sides of the body, which becomes more drastic and can also affect other organs and systems in the body. Thus, regular monitoring, follow-up of the disease,...

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can control several biological processes. Thus, the existence of these molecules plays a significant role in regulating human iron metabolism or homeostasis. Purpose The study aimed to determine the role of circulating microRNAs and hepcidin in controlling iron homeostasis and evaluating possible anemia among school c...

Background Circulating miRNAs have been implicated in various aspects of diabetic wound healing, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Thus, in alternative herbal medicine strategies, miRNAs will be potential therapeutic molecular targets in nonhealing wounds. These could be valuable elements for understanding t...

Objective: This study aims to explore underlying molecular variations in the expression of miRNAs in kidney tissues of ginger-treated and non-treated cyclophosphamide (CP)-intoxicated rats. Materials and methods: A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each: Group I (control: received normal food and wat...

Background Vitamin D and calcium-rich foods, exposure to sunlight, and physical activities (PA) play a pivotal role in promoting the production of sufficient vitamin D and improving grip strength needed for better bone health among school children. Purpose This study aimed to determine the effects of hand grip muscle strength (HGS), vitamin D in a...

Background Patients with intellectual disabilities are shown to have a limited capacity for cooperation, communication,and other biological consequences, which significantly require a specialized interest in healthcare professionals worldwide. Aim In this respect, the present study was designed to evaluate the levels mineral elements, and their co...

Background Circulating micro-RNAs have been proposed as a new type of biomarker in several diseases, particularly those related to bone health. They have shown great potential due to their feasibility and simplicity of measurement in all body fluids, especially urine, plasma, and serum. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the expression of a set of m...

Objectives This study aims to investigate the potential effects of serum trace elements and vitamin D levels on cognitive capacity and stuttering symptoms in adolescents. So, we will determine the serum levels of Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), vitamin D levels, and cognitive capacity scores and their associati...

Background and Objectives: Physical exercise is an important therapeutic modality for treating and managing diabetes. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered one of the best non-drug strategies for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This study aimed to determine...

Background: Physical performance increased by controlled interventions of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT); however, little is known about their influence as anti-aging and antioxidant effects, or their role in mitochondrial biogenesis. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of HIIT for 12 weeks on melatonin function, lymphoc...

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) had the ability to control several biological processes. Thus, the exisstance of these mlecules play a significant role in regulating human iron metabolism or homeostasis. Purpose The study aimed to determine the role of circulating microRNAs and hepcidin in controlling iron homeostasis and evaluating possible anemia...

The development of new anti-cancer agents with excellent biological activities relay on using compounds containing Quinoline ring structures. Therefore, designing new molecule scaffolds with reduced side effects for targeting cancer is interesting. QSAR is considered one of the most strategies to postulate and design new structures containing quino...

In this study, we amid to evaluate the correlation between the change in the expressed levels of anti-GAD antibodies titers, oxidative stress markers, cytokines markers, and cognitive capacity in adolescents with mild stuttering. Eighty participants (60 male/20 female) with the age range of 10-18 years with moderate stutteringparticipated in this s...

In cancer management, drug resistance remains a challenge that reduces the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Several studies have shown that curcumin resensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs to overcome resistance. In the present study, we investigate the potential therapeutic role of curcumin in regulating the proliferation of drug-resista...

Objective: Accumulating studies have demonstrated the potential activity of ginger in treating and managing several diseases but little is known about its protective effects against teratogenicity of chemical toxins. Thus, in this study, we have evaluated the protective effect of gingerol fraction (GF) against methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) induced ter...

Background: Impingement syndrome was shown to be associated with shoulder pain in 44-70% of patients worldwide. It usually occurs due to imbalance and insufficient activation of the rotator cuff (RC) muscles. Aim: This study explores the relative effects of handgrip-strengthening exercises on shoulder function, pain, strength, and active range o...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a widespread androgenic illness influencing elderly men. It is distinguished by prostatic epithelial and stromal muscle cell proliferation. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis have all been interrelated to the development of BPH. Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) is a herb with reported antiproliferativ...

Objective: The present study explores the underlying factors of cognitive abilities in relation to the expression of adiponectin and nitric oxide, fatigue, and other cofounder variables such as physical activity, diabetes, and adiposity status in healthy home-resident mature and older adults. Background: Fatigue has been shown to be correlated w...

Green tea and its polyphenolic compounds have been shown to exert positive effects in individuals with psychological disorders. The protective role of green tea against stuttering or its related consequences, depression, anxiety and stress, were evaluated in adolescents with moderate stuttering (MS). A total of 60 adolescents aged (12-18) years old...

The demand for L-asparaginase is predicted to increase several fold in the future due to its potential clinical applications in the treatment of lymphoid system malignancies and leukemia. Thus identifying suitable sources of production should be considered high priority. Fungi are valuable organisms as they are able to convert what would be conside...

Background. Therapeutic strategies based on herbal plants and diets containing sufficient amounts of antioxidants and essential vitamins are very important factors in treating reproduction and male infertility worldwide. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of Kaempferia parviflora (KP) on the role of some microRNAs...

Background. MicroRNAs (miRNA) identified as critical molecular regulators for bone development, function, and modeling/remodeling process and could be predictable for osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal elderly women. Aim. The potential diagnostic role of circulating miRNAs, miR-148a and miR-122-5p, in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and its...

Background. Cellular miRNAs are expressed in tissue fluids with sufficient amounts and were identified as potential molecular targets for studying the physiological mechanisms and correlations with many human diseases particularly diabetes. However, molecular-based changes among older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) are rarely fully elucidated....

Background: circulating microRNAs are potential blood biomarkers differentially expressed in many diseases including neuro depression disorders. It controls the expression of human genes and associated cellular and physiological processes in normal and diseased cells. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of circulating miRNAs and their associat...

Background: Adolescents and ethnic subgroups have been identified at high risks of overweight and its associated complications. Although some studies have investigated overweight, obesity, nutritional status, physical activity, and associated factors among Saudi students, no studies have examined these characteristics among non-Saudi students or c...

Objective The current case–control study aimed to evaluate generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) and its association with pain intensity, cellular oxidative stress, and collagen-associated disorders in university students aged 18–25 years old. Background Joint hypermobility has been recognized in healthy subjects and people who are carriers of cel...

This study examined the associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults. One hundred and six older adults (62 men, 44 women) within the age range of 56–81 years participated. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Loewenstein Occupational Th...

Background. MicroRNAs play an essential role in regulating pain processing within a wide range of clinical pain disorders. Objectives. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of lower back pain in older adults. In addition, the correlation between miRNAs and other related cofounders such as muscle function,...

The anticancer activity of terretonin N (1) and butyrolactone I (2), obtained from the thermophilic fungus Aspergillus terreus TM8, was intensively studied against prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) and ovary adenocarcinoma (SKOV3) human cell lines. According to this study, both compounds showed potent cytotoxicity towards ovarian adenocarcinoma cells...

Therapeutic strategies of plant origin are a better choice as both dietary plant products or its isolated active constituents against the development and progression of cancer. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of sumac (Rhus coriaria) against different human cancer MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3cell lines. In addition, the study tries to...

Background. In patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), a negative impact of associated malnutrition on both morbidity and mortality was reported. We aimed to elucidate the efficacy of serum liver fibrosis markers (fibronectin (FN), hydroxyproline (Hyp), and hyaluronic acid (HA)) and their respective indices (HA index, Hyp index, and FN index) and...

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in China and spread to cover the entire world with an ongoing pandemic. The magnitude of the situation and the fast spread of the new and deadly virus, as well as the lack of speci...

Excessive expression of cortisol and pro-inflammatory cytokines exerts a negative affect on cognitive functioning and hippocampal structure in older adults. Although the interrelation between cortisol and cytokines was fully elucidated previously, few studies considered how their association with exercise can affect brain structures or play an anti...

Background The release of miRNAs in tissue fluids significantly recommends its use as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for the progression and pathogenesis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in aged patients. Objective The potential role of circulated miRNAs in the pathogenesis of MCI and its association with cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis...

Background Poor daily life physical activities among older people were related to depressive mood especially memory loss. In addition to that, the change in physical ability is significantly associated with the score of depression among older age. Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a supervised aerobic training program wi...

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise on the levels of lipids and lipoprotein; Lipo(a) markers and its association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Methods: A total of 150 healthy subjects (100 males, 50 females; age range; 65-95Yrs) were recruited for this stu...

Obesity presents a major impact on the quality of lifestyle and essential physical activities such as walking ability, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength. In younger individuals, as well as in adults, obesity has been associated with a range of bone and musculoskeletal disorders, particularly the development and progression of knee osteoarthriti...

Background: Physical activity (PA) has been shown to develop better fitness and body function in children. Various studies have shown that as the age of students increases, its correlation with school achievement decreases. Different hormonal changes during adolescence make it difficult to adjust in his/her environment, causing stress. To the best...

OBJECTIVE Lower physical fitness and poor motor performance were shown to be linked with higher levels of oxidative stress in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, a moderate aerobic exercise for 12-weeks was performed to evaluate the effects of physical activity scores on motor functions, oxidative stress, and intelli...

Background and Objectives: Cisplatin (CP) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent widely used for cancer treatment; however, the adverse side effects limit its use. Camel Urine (CU) contains several active metabolites and essential inorganic elements which exhibited several biological activities. This study aimed to identify the constituents and Radical...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) greatly affects the quality of life, as it causes multiple joint lesions or even joint deformity that result in varying degrees of functional impairment and disability. This study evaluated the correlation between circulating serum miR-125ba and miR-146a expression and clinical response to green tea therapy in RA patients....

Nitroaromatic and nitroamine compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are teratogenic, cytotoxic, and may cause cellular mutations in humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. Microbial-based bioremediation technologies have been shown to offer several advantages against the cellular toxicity of nitro-organic compounds. Thus, the current st...

Background: Being overweight at a young age is a predictor of developing obesity and related complications later in adulthood, posing a high risk to public health. Various ethnic subgroups have been identified as having a higher prevalence of overweight or obese. Saudi Arabia is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, where the expatriat...

Aspects of human lifestyle such as diet, physical activity, and daytime life have positive effects on bone health, especially on bone loss or osteoporosis among older people. Many parameters such as genetic factors, peak bone mass (PBM), balanced nutrition, physical activity, and lifestyle risk factors, including the intake of caffeine, tea, and...

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the potential association of foot pain and plasmatic adipocytes as physiological biomarkers of childhood obesity with the incidence of flatfoot in a cohort of Egyptian school children aged 6 -12 years. Methods: A total of 550 Egyptian schoolchildren (220 boys and 330 girls) aged 6-12 years were r...

Background: Circulating micro-RNAs are differentially expressed in various tissues and could be considered as potential regulatory biomarkers for T2DM and related complications, such as chronic wounds. Aim: In the current study, we investigated whether ginger extract enriched with [6]-gingerol-fractions either alone or in combination with vitami...

Impaired wound healing was mainly associated with severe microbial infections which significantly affect diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Thus, in this study, the potential wound healing activity, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity of an aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria extract (AERc) were evaluated by wound contraction, scar forma...

Background Although various studies have shown the effect of vigorous physical activity on academic achievements, no studies have investigated the effect of vitamin E levels on academic performance. The present study aimed to assess the association between physical activity, vitamin E levels and total antioxidant capacity on the academic performanc...

Green tea ( Camellia sinensis ) has many biological activities and may promote diabetic wound healing by regulation of circulating hypoxia responsive microRNAs (HRMs) which triggers the wound repairing process in diabetic and nondiabetic wounds. Thus, in this study, the potential effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the expression of miRNAs; miR-4...

Objective This study aims to investigate the associations between adiposity, muscular fitness (MF), diets, sun exposure, and physical activity profiles as surrogate measures with bone health status in a sample of schoolchildren aged 8-18 years old. Methods A total of 250 Egyptian schoolchildren aged (8-18) years were randomly invited to participat...

End-stage liver disease (ESLD) due to cirrhosis carries a high mortality. Previous methods to quantify the risk of death in these patients were subjective. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was developed and is an accurate biomarker of 90-day mortality in patients with ESLD, essentially measuring how sick a patient is. The MELD sco...

Our aim was to evaluate the protective and antioxidant effects of ginger extract against cadmium-induced renal toxicity in animal models and to support the use of ginger as anti-renal failure natural remedy. Seventy rats were examined in a 4-week experiment to evaluate the effect of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) at doses of 100 and 200. mg/kg body w...

Hepatic fibrosis is one of the most critical diseases of wounded tissues that arise from different caustic agents, especially viral hepatitis, bilharzia, chemical- and drug-induced toxicity, and metabolic disorders. The proceeding of fibrosis depends mainly up on imbalance between the rate of formation and deposition of collagen which associated wi...

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the role of vitamin D, muscle fatigue biomarkers, and mechanical factors in the progression of low back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren. Background Children and adolescents frequently suffer from LBP with no clear clinical causes, and >71% of schoolchildren aged 12–17 years will show at least one episode...

Objective: To evaluate the change in the levels of anti-Mullerian hormone, adiponectin, weight loss and fertility parameters in obese women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome, following 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise. Methods: This study was conducted from August 2013 to October 2014 among obese women with or without polycystic o...

Background This study aims to examine the protective effect of green tea on the disturbances in oxidative stress and apoptosis related factors, mostly produced due to perinatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure, that subsequently induces liver cell damage. Materials and Methods Anti-free radical, Antioxidant, scavenging, geno-protective, and antia...

Background: Vitamin D levels play a pivotal role in most biological processes and differ according to age. A deficiency of vitamin D in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients has been shown to be linked with the severity of liver fibrosis, but little is known about the mechanism of this association. Objective: In this study, we evaluate the potential i...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of green tea and supervised exercise training interventions on improvement of disease activity and bone metabolism markers in rheumatoid arthritis patients. [Subjects and Methods] One-hundred and twenty subjects who had a mean age of (60.7 ± 2.53 years) and had been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at lea...

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical, mental, and cognitive disabilities on gait and balance deficits among nursing home residents with different diseases in Jordan and also to find the risk of fall associated with or without these diseases. Methods A sample of 221 nursing home residents aged 18–100 years in Jor...

Not much is known about the role of physical activity (PA), obesity related variables, and trace elements as potential risk factors affecting neurotransmitters in schoolchildren with depression. Our objective was to investigate the effect of physical activity (PA) on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Also, we aimed to study the assoc...

Hepatic fibrosis is one of the most critical diseases of wounded tissues that arise from different caustic agents, especially viral hepatitis, bilharzia, chemical- and drug-induced toxicity, and metabolic disorders. The proceeding of fibrosis depends mainly up on imbalance between the rate of formation and deposition of collagen which associated wi...

The main target of this study was to measure the influence of sumac juice drink on muscle indices and pain during an acute, intense exercise for 30 days. Forty healthy volunteers (15-25 years) were involved in aerobic exercise program for 4 weeks. Participants ingested sumac juice or placebo drink twice daily for 30 days. All participants were subj...

Background Vitamin D levels play a pivotal role in most biological processes and differ according to age. A deficiency of vitamin D in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients has been shown to be linked with the severity of liver fibrosis, but little is known about the mechanism of this association. Objective In this study, we evaluate the potential in...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of serum vitamin D levels with physical activity, obesity, muscle fatigue biomarkers, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in healthy older adults. Methods A total of 85 healthy older subjects aged 64–96 years were recruited in this study. Based on estimated energy expenditure s...

We used a moderate aerobic exercise program for 24 weeks to measure the positive impact of physical activity on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and its association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. A total of 100 healthy subjects (65–95 Yrs) were randomly classified into two groups: control group ( n = 50 ) and exercis...

[Purpose] Physical activity is one of the most pivotal targets for the prevention and management of vascular complications, especially endothelial dysfunctions. Cellular fibronectin is an endothelium-derived protein involved in subendothelial matrix assembly. Its plasma levels reflect matrix alterations and vessel wall destruction in patients with...

[Purpose] assess the impact of exercise intensity on desire to smoke, serum cotinine, stress hormones, total antioxidant capacity, and oxidative free radicals as potential markers of cardiopulmonary metabolic disorders were measured.in cigarette smokers. [Subjects and Methods] The participants (150 randomly selected healthy men, aged 18–55 years) w...

The geographical origin of the plant significantly affects its phytochemicals constituents. This study evaluated the antioxidants activities of Saudi Arabian olive leave extracts (OLEs) using different extraction solvents. Deionized distilled water (ddH2O), 80 methanol (80 MeOH), 70 ethanol (70 EtOH), and 80 acetone were used as solvents. The antio...

Background Life style and physical activity play a pivotal role in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The mechanism for better bone metabolism and improvement of physical disorders is not clear yet. Trace minerals such as Ca, Mn, Cu, and Zn are essential precursors for most vital biological process, especially those of bone health. Objectiv...

Background Homeostatic imbalance of trace elements such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) demonstrated adverse effects on brain function among older adults. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the effects of trace elements and the presence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs) in human cognitive abilities among...

Objective: To investigate B-cell-lymphoma-2 and tumour protein p53 expression in hepatic tissues of human cases of Chronic Hepatitis C. Methods: The case-control study was conducted from December 2011 to February 2014 at the out-patient department of Gastroenterology Surgical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, and...

[Purpose] This study was performed to assess the effect of daily sitting time during media consumption on physical fitness, total energy expenditure (TEE), and body composition indices of Saudi school children. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 180 healthy Saudi school students (8–18 years) were included in this study. Sitting time, total energy ex...

Background: Watching television has been widely associated with various health and psychological outcomes in children. Excessive intake of carbonated, sweetened beverages and fast foods, inadequate intake of fruits & dairy products; and reduced levels of physical activity also pose risk to healthy lifestyle among youth. However, limited literature...

Physical activity (PA) and exercise is known to have a positive impact on a variety of variables pertinent to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of physical activity on fatigue scores, oxidative stress, and glycemic control variables of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sevent...

Objective: The assessment of practices conducted in leisure time and daily life is fundamental to improving lifestyle behavior and community health. The purpose of this study was to examine lifestyle and its correlation with the pattern of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among adult Saudis. Material and Methods: In total, 150 adult Saudis (ag...

Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of physical activities, calcium consumption and lifestyle factors in both bone mineral density and bone metabolism indices in 350 young adult volunteers. [Subjects and Methods] All volunteers were recruited for the assessment of lifestyle behaviors and physical activity traits using...