Saman Heydari-GuranStiftung Neanderthal Museum https://www.neanderthal.de/de/
Saman Heydari-Guran
PhD.
About
52
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Introduction
Saman Heydari-Guran currently Stiftung Neanderthal Museum
Talstr. 300, 40822 Mettmann, Germany
0049-17632048209
https://www.neanderthal.de/de/
Publications
Publications (52)
In the modern era, humans can more easily adjust their surroundings to reduce unwanted characteristics and/or improve life qualities. However, in most of evolutionary history, it was just a matter of choice that resulted in human's evolutionary success. The cognitive evolutionary hypothesis proposes that hominins evolved complex behavioural pattern...
Complex social organisation, technological skills and specialised foraging strategies are considered as modernity indicators in the history of Homo sapiens' evolution. However, the timing and nature of these abilities are poorly understood. Research on the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic faunal remains and settlement patterns in the Zagros Mountains...
![A Tentative Temporal Distribution of Major Zarzian Sites [19].](profile/Nemat-Hariri/publication/356604641/figure/tbl2/AS:1095419220230156@1638179702596/A-Tentative-Temporal-Distribution-of-Major-Zarzian-Sites-19_Q320.jpg)
in: Das Archäologische Jahr in Bayern 2020
Neanderthal extinction has been a matter of debate for many years. New discoveries, better chronologies and genomic evidence have done much to clarify some of the issues. This evidence suggests that Neanderthals became extinct around 40,000-37,000 years before present (BP), after a period of coexistence with Homo sapiens of several millennia, invol...
Neanderthal extinction has been a matter of debate for many years. New discoveries, better chronologies and genomic evidence have done much to clarify some of the issues. This evidence suggests that Neanderthals became extinct around 40,000-37,000 years before present (BP), after a period of coexistence with Homo sapiens of several millennia, invol...
The timing and dispersal routes of Homo sapiens (H. sapiens) into the Iranian Plateau have always been a matter of debate in the recent years. Current studies on the Upper Palaeolithic period of the Zagros mountains demonstrated the later colonisation of West-Central Zagros by H. sapiens based on techno-typological and radiocarbon dating. The Kerma...
in: Archäologie in Deutschland, 04/2021, August - September
CONCEPTS OF RESILIENCE FOR THE STUDY OF PREMODERNSOCIETIES
Most of our knowledge on the Palaeolithic of the Iranian Plateau derives from a scientific focus on the Zagros Mountains. In recent years, several Palaeolithic research projects have been conducted in different parts of Iran, including southern piedmonts of the Alborz Mountains and the Iranian Central Plateau. Here, we present a Palaeolithic occupa...
Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were distributed across a vast region from Europe to western and Central Asia. The Neanderthals’ paleoecology and distribution has been extensively studied in Europe where the species originated. However, very little is known about their paleoecology in south-western Asia. Here, we employed species distribution...
Preface
This book draws on my fascination with aspects of the natural world. I remember when I was a child; I was interested in animals, rocks, rivers, and mountains. I spent many hours with my father, brothers and friends in the hills and mountains close to our houses in Tüshami and Kermanshah. I learned how to look at rocks, slopes, valleys and...
: امروزه دانشمندان بیشازپیش بر تأثیر شرایط اقلیمی بر حوادث مهم فرگشتی در موجودات اعم از زیا و گیا تأکید میورزند. برای عالقهمندان
به فرگشت انسان، بازسازی شرایط زیستمحیطی و اقلیمی در بازۀ زمانی اواخر دوران چهارم زمینشناسی بسیار حائز اهمیت است؛ زیرا همزمان
با پیدایش انسان هوموساپینس است. مقالۀ پیشرو نیز در همین راستا به نگارش درآمده است. بر اساس مدارک...
این نوشتار به گوناگونی فرهنگی در میان نخستین جوامع انسان هوموساپینس )هوشمند( در کوهستان زاگرس و جایگاه این گوناگونی
در تطور و پراکنش این جوامع در اوراسیا می پردازد. این پژوهش با مطالعۀ فناوری و گون هشناسی دس تافزارهای سنگی برجای مانده از این جوامع و
تحلیل آماری داد ههای آن ها دو هدف را دنبال م ینماید: نخست پاسخ به این پرسش که آیا پارین هسنگی نوین ز...
This paper aims to understand the cultural diversity among the first modern human populations in the Iranian Zagros and the implications of this diversity for evolutionary and ecological models of human dispersal through Eurasia. We use quantitative data and technotypological attributes combined with physiogeographic information to assess if the Za...
It is believed that there is a strong link between raw material exploitation and lithic technology. The raw materials play an important role in imposing special technology to hunter gatherers for adapting themselves to their environment. The Zagros region with complex topography, as an island of moisture and the rainfall, provided sufficient food,...
It is believed that there is a strong link between raw material exploitation and lithic technology. The raw materials play an important role in imposing special technology to hunter gatherers for adapting themselves to their environment. The Zagros region with complex topography, as an island of moisture and the rainfall, provided sufficient food,...
In recent decades, the Eurasian Middle–Upper Palaeolithic (M–UP) transition has been
a topic of major interest among palaeoanthropologists. Great progress has been made in
several domains, particularly palaeogenetics, which have revealed the complex ancestry of
early Eurasians. This progress—including the identification of a ghost lineage of Eurasi...
Western Asia lies at the crossroad of human migrations out of Africa during the Pleistocene. Here, Neanderthals and their
African counterparts - Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHS) met for the first time about 100 Ka (for instance, see the
Akazawa et al., 1998 and references therein). Therefore, it is in this region that we can expect the earliest ev...
Since Dorothy Garrod’s pioneering work at the Mousterian site of Hazar Merd on the western slopes of the Zagros Mountains in 1928, a number of Middle Palaeolithic sites in the area have been discovered, sampled and, in some cases, partially excavated. Some of these sites are located in the Kermanshah Plain, Central Western Zagros Mountains. These s...
New research on the Palaeolithic of Lurestan, West Central Iran - Volume 76 Issue 291 - K. Roustaei, F. Biglari, S. Heydari, H. Vahdatinasab
Wezmeh Cave is located on the northeastern edge of the Islamabad plain, a high intermontane valley in the western-central Zagros. In 1999 a disturbed but large faunal assemblage was recovered from this site. The abundant and extremely diverse faunal spectra present at Wezmeh Cave has highlighted the importance of this assemblage. Carnivore remains...
Paleontological analysis of remains from Wezmeh Cave in western Iran have yielded a Holocene Chalcolithic archeological assemblage, a rich Late Pleistocene carnivore faunal assemblage, and an isolated unerupted human maxillary premolar (P(3) or possibly P(4)). Species representation and U-series dating of faunal teeth place the carnivore assemblage...
This paper is a first attempt to explore the impact of geological and geomorphological settings on formation processes of shelter sites in the karstic Zagros Mountains of Iran. In general, the Zagros Mountains can be divided geologically and geomorphologically into two main zones, highland and folded, which are located parallel to each other and ru...
This paper is a first attempt to explore the impact of geological and geomorphological settings on formation processes of shelter sites in the karstic Zagros Mountains of Iran. In general, the Zagros Mountains can be divided geologically and geomorphologically into two main zones, highland and folded, which are located parallel to each other and ru...
Kul Tarike Cemetery lies in the rolling hilly landscape of northern Kurdestan, in the Zagros Mountains. In 2001 and 2003 the site was sounded by archaeologists of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research. During the two seasons 10 graves were uncovered, three of them having been plundered previously. The tomb pits have been cut through the lo...
A recent find of a possible Lower Palaeolithic assemblage from the foothills of the Zagros Mountains - Volume 74 Issue 286 - Fereydoun Biglari, Gabriel Nokandeh, Saman Heydari
In this paper we present a concept for the storage, exchange, presentation and analysis of geospatial environmental and archaeological data to study and assess Paleolithic settlement dynamics and subsistence of the Zagros Mountains in Iran. Therefore, geographic information systems (GIS), database solutions and web-based technologies are used to ha...
Projects
Projects (4)
Despite the advances in direct radiocarbon dating of Neanderthal and AMH fossils and the development of archaeo-stratigraphic chronologies and genetic studies over the past decades, still the fundamental questions remained unanswered including:
Why Neanderthals went to extinct at around 40 ka, while they were widespread across Europe and western Asia for at least 400,000 years? Is the Neanderthal fate related to the presence of Homo sapiens to western Eurasia or the extension of the Neanderthal is the result of extreme cold and dry phase of middle MIS 3 (Staubwasser et al 2018)? Did Neanderthal survive longer in the several refugium in Eurasia ....
This project aims to understand the cultural diversity among the first modern human populations in the Iranian Plateau and the
implications of this diversity to evolutionary and ecological models of human dispersal through Eurasia. We use quantitative data and techno-typological attributes combined with physiogeographic information to contextualise the variation in lithics from Upper Palaeolithic sites. Our results so far, demonstrate that there is significant cultural diversity among the UP across different habitat areas. This variation shows the parallel developments after the initial occupation of the region shaped by the relative geo-topographical isolation of different areas of the Iranian Plateau, which would have favoured different ecological adaptations. Based on the chronological and geographical patterns of UP variability, we propose a model of an initial colonisation phase leading to the emergence of local distinct traditions, followed by a long phase of limited contact among these first UP groups. This has important implications for the origins of biological and cultural diversity in the early phases of modern human colonisation of Eurasia.
In recent decades, the Eurasian Middle–Upper Palaeolithic (M–UP) transition has been a topic of major interest among palaeoanthropologists. Great progress has been made in several domains, particularly palaeogenetics, which have revealed the complex ancestry of early Eurasians. This progress—including the identification of a ghost lineage of Eurasians in the Middle East—is providing important new biogeographical hypotheses. A key region for such topics is the Iranian Plateau—an area that has so far not been subject to intensive research.
