Salah H. Aljbour

• PhD in Chemical Engineering
• Professor (Full) at Mutah University

This study investigates the mineralogical composition and elemental distribution of oil shale and its ash from Sultani deposits using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses, respectively. The XRD analysis of the oil shale samples confirmed the presence of calcite and quartz as primary mineral phases. However, XRD analysis of...

Greywater, a byproduct of domestic activities, contains various contaminants including sodium ions which can adversely affect soil and plant health and industrial processes. This study explores the use of Tripoli, a sedimentary rock abundant in Jordan and its modified forms as potential adsorbents for sodium removal from greywater. X-ray fluorescen...

This study explores the potential of pyrolytic oil extracted from Jordanian biomass resources as an antibacterial agent. Pyrolysis, a transformative thermal decomposition process, offers a promising avenue for converting biomass into valuable products. Pyrolytic oil, derived from biomass via pyrolysis, presents a complex composition and inherent an...

This study investigated the potential use of biochar produced from Iraqi date kernels (Khestawi) as an adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal from polluted water. A full factorial design methodology was employed to examine the effects of heating rate, pyrolysis temperature and holding time on the performance of the produced biochar. The results...

The aim of this study is to conduct sustainability metrics for asphalt mix partially replaced by Jordanian Oil Shale Ash (OSA). Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) tool was applied to assess the environmental impact in an attempt to figure out the negative effects of using OSA in asphalt mix and to find the appropriate remediation action of these...

This research aims to look into a sustainable technique for the treatment, reuse and disposal of domestic sewage sludge (DSS). The purpose of the study was to examine the operating factors that influence the calorific value of the produced biochar from the pyrolysis of DSS. Based on the analysis of the full factorial design, the impacts of the pyro...

Oil shale ash (OSA) resulted from the combustion of Jordanian Attarat oil shale at different conditions has been chemically and physically characterized. XRD analysis of OSA showed that the main phases present were quartz and calcite in addition to structures like, pyrite, dioside, fluorapatite and muscovite. XRF analysis showed that increasing the...

The focal theme of this study is to evaluate the life cycle of asphalt mix containing Jordanian oil shale ash (OSA). Life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was conducted to assess the environmental impact of all manufacturing stages of the asphalt mix from Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Energy Consumption (EC) perspectives. The documentation for...

The use of natural minerals as catalysts in pyrolysis enhances the products’ yield and quality. However, natural minerals may lack the proper active sites to effectively catalyze the pyrolytic reactions. This paper addresses the performance of iron-chemically modified Jordanian Tripoli catalysts in the catalytic pyrolysis of date kernels. The Fe-ch...

A growing emphasis is being placed on raising global awareness of the magnitude and consequences of work-related accidents, injuries, and diseases, as well as designing and implementing efficient preventive and protective policies and programs. Statistical data on occupational accidents and diseases, as well as work-related deaths on a national lev...

A preoxidized Kovar tube was employed as a reforming catalyst for the conversion of naphthalene. Under dry reforming condition, 24.7% naphthalene conversion could be achieved, whereas 36.6 and 42.3% naphthalene conversion could be achieved when steam was added to the producer gas at volume ratio of 0.06 and 0.11 respectively. Increasing the reformi...

In this study, the performance of natural Jordanian Tripoli as a catalyst in the pyrolysis of date kernels was investigated. Specifically, the impact of the pyrolysis temperature (450 °C, 500 °C, 550 °C, 600 °C and 650 °C), catalyst-to-feed (C/F) ratio- (0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 20 wt%) and heating rate (20 °C/min, 50 °C/min and 100 °C/min) on the...

This study aims to investigate a sustainable method for sewage sludge (SS) safe disposal and reuse. The study involved exploring the optimum parameters of thermal treatment of SS by pyrolysis to produce biochar . Based on the analysis of the full factorial design, the effects of pyrolysis conditions: temperature, heating rate, and isothermal time o...

The catalytic conversion of a model tar compound, namely: naphthalene contained in a simulated producer gas from wood gasification process was investigated. The sol-gel approach was used to create a mesoporous Ce-promoted Ni/alumina catalyst with high surface area. A surface area of 333 m2/g was achieved by calcination of the mesoporous catalyst (1...

Phenol is a severe pollutant that harms the environment and, potentially, human health. This study aimed to investigate the biodegradability of phenol by the plant growth-promoting bacterium R. nepotum. That included studying the growth kinetics and the effects of growth conditions such as incubation temperature, pH, and the use of different substr...

This study aims to investigate a sustainable method for sewage sludge (SS) safe disposal and reuse. The study involved exploring the optimum parameters of thermal treatment of SS by pyrolysis to produce biochar (BC). Based on the analysis of the full factorial design, the effects of pyrolysis conditions: temperature, heating rates, and isothermal t...

Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even be very critical to human health. The biodegradation of phenol can be considered an increasingly important pollution control process. In this study, the degradation of phenol by Bacillus simplex was investigated for the first time under different growth...

Solid waste sorting facilities are constructed and operated to properly manage solid waste for both material and energy recovery. This paper investigates the possible technical and economic performance of the Al-Karak solid waste sorting plant in order to achieve financial sustainability and increase the profits that return on the plant to cover it...

Abstract Municipal solid waste (MSW) from Al-Karak city is monitored and characterized. The MSW is sorted into 14 different waste categories. In addition, the MSW is separated into several size fractions, followed by sorting and characterization. The average daily production rate of waste is 61.5 ton/day. The MSW generated per capita is estimat...

An increasing attention is being paid for the production of bio-oil especially in the countries that suffer from the lack of energy resources such as Jordan. The aim of this study is to investigate the catalytic effect of Jordanian minerals on the pyrolysis of date kernels. Experiments are carried out in a lab-scale externally heated-tubular reacto...

Municipal solid waste (MSW) from Al-Karak city is monitored and characterized. The MSW is sorted into 14 different waste categories. In addition, the MSW is separated into several size fractions, followed by sorting and characterization. The average daily production rate of waste is 61.5 ton/day. The MSW generated per capita is estimated to be 0.55...

Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even be very critical to human health. The biodegradation of phenol can be considered an increasingly important pollution control process. In this study, the degradation of phenol by Pseudomonas fredriksbergsis was investigated for the first time under differ...

We investigated the co-digestion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) with food waste (FW) under different mixing ratios. Five mixtures of different SS:FW ratios (100:0; 80:20; 50:50; 20:80 and 0:100) having the same TS content were subjected to anaerobic digestion at mesophilic conditions. The amount of biogas generated during the codigestion process wa...

Composting is an economical, sustainable and environmentally benign alternative option for solid waste management. In this study, organic wastes generated at Al-Karak Governorate/ Jordan were used as substrates for compost production. Three windrow piles containing different proportions of organic wastes (fruits, vegetables, garden waste, poultry a...

Anaerobic co-digestion of domestic sewage sludge with food waste as a substrate for biogas production and as a mean for waste management was conducted. The food waste was incorporated into the bioreactor as a co-substrate semi-continuously via replacement mode and addition mode of operations in ratios up to 50%. The methane gas yield under the repl...

Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 56 (2021) 331-341. The objective of this research is to investigate a naturally occurring Jordanian zeolitic tuff (JZT) as a potential adsorbent for nitrate ion removal from aqueous solution. An integrated experimental study that spans kinetics, OVAT and DOE experimental metrologies was designed and i...

The present study proposes a prototype comprising a set of unit operations for the intensification of shale oil extraction from Jordanian oil shale. The extraction process involves the utilization of microwave irradiation, ultrasound irradiation and solvent extraction as tools for process intensification. Full factorial design methodology of type 2...

We investigated the co-digestion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) with food waste (FW) under different mixing ratios. Five mixtures of different SS:FW ratios (100:0; 80:20; 50:50; 20:80 and 0:100) having the same TS content were subjected to anaerobic digestion at mesophilic conditions. The amount of biogas generated during the co-digestion process w...

Groundwater constitutes the main water supply in Jordan. Therefore, various steps are taken to monitor groundwater quality and vulnerability for a sustainable groundwater development. The present study uses DRASTIC model on a national rate and assess the groundwater contamination through phosphate release from the mining activities in south of Jord...

Jordan is one of the most water stressed countries in the world. Jordan shares significant transboundary surface and groundwater resources with Israel, Syria, Egypt, the West Bank and Saudi Arabia. The availability of adequate quantity and quality water in Jordan is deteriorating over time due to a number of factors such as rapid natural population...

The present study uses DRASTIC model on a national rate and assess the groundwater contamination through phosphate release from the mining activities in south of Jordan (Al-Abiad area) using GIS environment. It is found that about 58.6% of the area was considered to be of moderate vulnerability, while high and low vulnerability was found to be at 0...

The development of waste-to-energy technologies provides an integrated approach to waste management, climate protection, and sustainable devolvement. In this study, biofuels were produced from “olive cake” combined with used paper and scrap tire. A lab-scale facility was designed to carry out catalytic pyrolysis of a solid feedstock comprising 5 wt...

Abstract: Groundwater constitutes the main water supply in Jordan. Therefore, various steps are taken to monitor groundwater quality and vulnerability for a sustainable groundwater development. The present study uses DRASTIC model on a national rate and assess the groundwater contamination by phosphate concentration released from the mining activit...

This work investigates the Co-digestion of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) and domestic sludge to produce methane gas. The research involves studying the effect of mixing OMWW with domestic sludge at different mixing ratios on methane production rate. Different ratios of OMWW-sludge were prepared (100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, 10:90) with two replicate...

Slag is investigated towards its potential use as an aggregate in concrete mix production. Full factorial design methodology is applied to study the effect of two process input variables, namely: slag as coarse aggregate and slag as medium aggregate on the properties of concrete mix. Additionally, the interaction between input variables is also exa...

In this study, a naturally occurring zeolitic tuff located in Jordan was investigated as a potential adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution. Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of phosphate adsorption under different temperatures were studied. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model adequately fitted the collected experimental data...

Cefxime was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Cefxime was efficient in increasing the inhibition efficiency for all inhibition concentrations. The corrosion rate profile was found to be second-order kinetics with respect to corrosion activity.

In this study, a 2³ full factorial design methodology was applied to study the effect of three process input variables, namely ash content (30 and 50 wt%), pressing pressure (120 and 150 MPa) and heat treatment temperature (900 and 1050 ºC) on the characteristics of ceramics. The ceramics specimens were prepared from oil shale ash and waste glass b...

Here, we present the evolution profile of tar in the product gas during cedar biomass gasification. We also discuss the evolution of other contaminants (H(2)S, COS, NH(3), HCN, and HCl). The cedar wood was gasified under various operating conditions in a bench-scale externally heated updraft gasifier; this was followed by thermal reforming. Tar lev...

The present study was conducted within the framework of R&D activities on the development of gasification and reforming technologies for energy and chemical recovery from biomass resources. Gasification of the Japanese cedar wood has been investigated under various operating conditions in a bench-scale externally heated updraft gasifier; this was f...

This study aims at applying ultrasound techniques with high frequency to treat wastewater. One application that was chosen here is to apply ultrasound wave on spent wastewater resulting from Jordanian oil shale retorting, which is known as retort water. The proposed process has shown an excellent ability on retort water treatment. At a fixed high u...

A microchannel reactor with guideline structure was investigated to carry out sequential reaction- separation. The catalytic reaction between benzyl chloride and sodium sulfide was demonstrated. Under parallel multiphase flow conditions, the catalytic reaction proceeded with phase separation could be ensured. The phase separation performance was en...

In this study, the liquid–liquid catalytic phase transfer reaction between benzyl chloride and sodium sulfide was investigated in an ultrasound-based capillary microreactor. The mass transfer performance in the multiphase reaction was evaluated in terms of the mass transfer coefficient and was compared to the performance of other systems namely, a...

The tri-liquid phase ethoxylation (p-chloronitrobenzene in an organic phase with ethanol in an aqueous phase under a phase transfer catalyst in a third phase) was conducted. The reaction has been carried out more efficiently in a microchannel reactor than in a conventional batch reactor. The high surface area-to-volume ratio offered by the microcha...

In this work, the liquid–liquid catalytic phase transfer reaction between benzyl chloride with sodium sulfide was investigated in a capillary-microreactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation. A rational reaction mechanism was satisfactorily developed. The kinetics of the multiphase reaction was studied at different phase transfer catalyst concentrat...

A simple capillary microreactor was tested as a potential reactor to carry out a multiphase reaction. The hydrolysis of benzyl chloride in a biphasic system was investigated. The capillary microreactor was irradiated by 28kHz ultrasound at different temperatures, capillary lengths and phase flow rates. It was found that the combination of microreac...

A capillary-microreactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation was designed and demonstrated to carry out aqueous–organic chemical reactions. The hydrolysis of benzyl chloride in a two-phase slug flow system was investigated. The capillary-microreactor was irradiated by 28 kHz ultrasound at different temperatures, capillary lengths and phase flow rate...

The Lewis acid-catalyzed addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to p-chlorobenzaldehyde in a microchannel reactor was investigated. The microchannel was integrated to promote both reaction and separation of the biphase system. FeF3 and Cu(triflate)2 were used as water-stable Lewis acid catalysts. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was incorporated in the organic-a...

A microchannel with two inlets and two outlets was tested as a potential reactor to carry out two-phase catalytic phase transfer reaction with phase separation at the exit of the microchannel. The catalytic phase transfer reaction between benzyl chloride and sodium sulfide was chosen as a model reaction. The effect of operational time on the conver...

In this work, the liquid-liquid catalytic phase transfer reaction between benzyl chloride with sodium sulfide was investigated in a capillary microreactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation. The mass transfer performance of the multiphase reaction was evaluated in terms of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient and was compared to other systems,...

This article aims to apply the ultrasound technique in the field of clean technology to protect environment. The principle of sonochemistry is conducted here to degrade pesticides in simulated industrial wastewater resulted from a factory manufacturing pesticides namely diazinon. Diazinon pesticide selected in this study for degradation under high...

This study aims to investigate the effect of reactants and catalyst flow rates; the effect of the catalyst concentration and the position inlet to the reactor location of the catalyst on the synthesis of tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), have investigated. The results reveal that the micro channel reactor shows high selectivity for homogeneous synthes...

A micro-channel with a guideline structure, with two inlets and two outlets was tested as a reactor for performing organic–aqueous two-phase reactions. Partition walls so-called guideline structure were designed at the middle of a micro-channel with adequate intervals in order to stabilize and to maintain a laminar two-phase flow. Toluene and water...