Saeed Kabiri

• PhD. sociology
• Assistant Professor at Institute for Cultural, Social and Civilization Studies

Keywords: rural communities, socio-cultural and environmental factors, sustainable livelihood, livelihood approach. Livelihood in rural communities is closely related to social context and environmental conditions. Any change in society's attitude towards life and environmental conditions can lead to a change in lifestyle and way of providing livel...

There is a notable gap in research applying criminological theory to the examination of deviant behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study addresses this gap by utilizing Situational Action Theory (SAT) to investigate violations of social hygiene ordinances during a COVID-19 lockdown in Iran. The study is based on survey data collected from...

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Situational Action Theory (SAT) in understanding cyberstalking behavior. Using a random sampling method, data were collected from 454 students and analyzed through SmartPLS version 4.1 to assess the theoretical propositions. The findings indicate that the key components of SAT—perso...

Academic dishonesty has recently attracted the attention of scholars worldwide in the aftermath of severe breaches of academic rules of conduct. As today's students are tomorrow's leading academics and professionals, it continues to be of importance to understand the basic explanatory mechanisms of academic dishonesty. The present cross-cultural in...

Our world is dealing with frequent and diverse disasters, the active participation of citizens in the management and reduction of these disasters has become a significant and unique trend in disaster management. People, as a dynamic part of the disaster management system, always play an essential role in using resources, preventing and reducing the...

One of the main goals of rural development programs is to empower rural communities and solve the problems of these communities through the facilities and capacities of the local community. In this article, an attempt has been made to identify and prioritize the needs of the villages of Malekshahi City from the point of view of the local community....

The current study employs a construct from the criminological literature, thoughtfully reflective decision-making (TRDM), to understand cyber offenders' decision-making and offer relevant insights to prevent online harassment. Using a sample of Iranian high school students (N = 366), we employ OLS and SEM to test whether and how TRDM, perceived det...

Social developments, including the emergence of virtual social networks in recent years, have caused changes in the way of spending free time. Considering that in recent years, virtual social networks have increased greatly in society and have occupied a significant part of people's time, especially in their free time, what effect do these activiti...

Introduction Today, knowing social capital, how it affects social participation and the ability to actually bring the potential power of social capital to help participation and finally turn the wheels of development at different levels in the form of creating civil institutions, forming civil society and forming democracy is of great importance. h...

Introduction Today, knowing social capital, how it affects social participation and the ability to actually bring the potential power of social capital to help participation and finally turn the wheels of development at different levels in the form of creating civil institutions, forming civil society and forming democracy is of great importance. h...

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Keywords: rural communities, socio-cultural and environmental factors, sustainable livelihood, livelihood approach. Livelihood in rural communities is closely related to social context and environmental conditions. Any change in society's attitude towards life and environmental conditions can lead to a change in lifestyle and way of providing livel...

Abstract Women's participation in the economic, social and political life is one of the indicators for measuring the level of development of societies. But the presence of women in society and civil institutions always faces limitations due to the traditional culture and the prominent role of men and their resistance to handing over their power to...

Deviant and criminal behavior in sport remains a significant problem because it threatens the rules, norms and culture that value fairness. The use of performance-enhancing substances (PED), also known as "doping", is generally prohibited in sanctioned sports because they violate this philosophy. While previous research has documented the crucial r...

Violence among spectators in sports is a global phenomenon posing hazards for players, match officials, and other participants. Despite its widespread prevalence, scant criminological research has investigated the matter. To fill this void, this study examines the predictive efficacy of key theoretical constructs derived from Situational Action The...

Occupational deviance is one of the most rampant and alarming phenomena in the workplace. It can have negative effects on the individual employee, the organization, the profession, and the larger society. Therefore, it is important to better understand the etiology of such behavior in the hopes of providing solutions to reduce it. One such theory t...

Betting on various sports competitions, gambling and crimes related to this field, due to the popularity of youth in team sports, especially football, has established its position as a facilitator channel in providing a windfall income. The high importance of sports in different countries, the wide range of sports and the attention of different gro...

Relative deprivation refers to a mental attitude and not necessarily an objective situation, which is mostly achieved through comparing oneself or the group to which a person belongs to other people or groups. The purpose of this article is to measure the degree of relative deprivation among the citizens of Tabriz and Turks living in Tehran and to...

Rethinking identity in its broad dimensions is a new statement of the tragedy of modern youth life and a new inversion of defining identity in its traditional way. Although the construction of the social problem to rethink the identity of the youth is at least associated with exaggerated perceptions, but with the imagination of sociology, a creativ...

This study examines self-reported violations of emergent norms and regulations regarding COVID-19 mitigation and social hygiene practices among a sample of high school students randomly selected from public schools in Rasht, Iran. The study seeks to explain these COVID-19 ordinance violations through the application of Agnew’s general integrated th...

Bullying, particularly among teenagers and young adults, is one of the most important issues facing school communities. At its very heart, this issue speaks to a troubling form of deviant behavior. When students engage in bullying behaviors, the effects are felt far beyond that of the direct victim. As such, it is important to investigate the etiol...

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated quarantines in many urban settings, and rules have been enforced to ensure that citizens are complying with health-related mandates. However, anecdotal and empirical evidence confirm the prevalence of policy transgressions. Non-compliance with COVID-19 mandates can have severe consequences for individual healt...

Although the study of sports deviance has gained traction across a variety of academic disciplines, existing research often lacks theoretical guidance and ignores criminological insight. To fill this gap in the literature, the current study employs structural equation modeling to test the efficacy of self-control and control balance theory in expla...

Agnew recently conceptualized social concern theory has started to gain empirical attention. However, none of the previous tests have applied social concern theory to deviance unique to the workplace. This dearth in the literature is likely partly due to the comprehensive nature of the theory and lack of concise measurement tools. The current study...

Playing through pain and injury is a common and accepted behavior in the athletic realm. The purpose of this research was to apply Tittle’s control balance theory to explain why athletes engage in playing through pain and injury despite its risky nature. We hypothesized that playing through pain and injury is a form of submission described by Tittl...

This paper employs panel data on Iranian soccer fan hooliganism (i.e., verbal and physical aggression against rivals) to provide a longitudinal test of Agnew’s general strain theory. Structural equation models reveal that the experience of strain, a latent variable comprised of negative life events, victimization, bullying, and economic pressur...

The role of routine activity theory (RAT) as a guiding theoretical approach to understand online victimization has been well documented. However, the recent emphasis in criminology on its applicability to online victimization has largely been based on evidence from Anglo-American studies. This study fills this gap by testing the predictive utility...

Although there exists a growing amount of empirical literature documenting the correlates of cyberstalking victimization, research has yet to elaborate on the potential mechanisms that can explain the risk for cyberstalking victimization. We proposed an integrated theory, which combined low self-control, control deficit, peers’ online deviant behav...

Objective This study investigates the social factors affecting playing through pain and injury of professional athletes, using Akers’s social learning theory (SLT). Methods Propositions of SLT were examined using a sample of 784 athletes from Rasht and Bandar Anzali in Iran. Results Findings from structural equation modeling indicated that the so...

Situational action theory (SAT) posits that morality plays a core role in determining whether situations are viewed as suitable for crime. However, little attention has been paid to moral identity, the degree to which a person considers morality to occupy a central position in their view of themselves. Using a convenience sample of Iranian soccer f...

Doping, or performance enhancing drug use, has long been a social and health problem among athletes. Despite the issues associated with doping and the illegality of using these drugs, little criminological research has examined why athletes engage in this deviant behavior. The present study seeks to do so by applying key theoretical concepts derive...

Parenting practices have direct effects on children’s moral development and delinquency. A growing empirical literature also documents the influence of morality on offending patterns. Yet, our understanding of the interrelationships among parenting practices, morality, and cyberbullying is limited. This study contributes to and extends this line of...

Aggression involving sports fans has long been acknowledged, however it is only recently that researchers have applied criminological theory to gain a better understanding of the behavior. The current study employs Social Learning Theory as a means of understanding how deviant behavior is influenced by differential association, differential reinfor...

We apply key theoretical concepts derived from, and test the predictive efficiency of, situational action theory on sports fans’ decision to engage in cyberbullying perpetration against rivals. To do so, we employ self-report data from a random sample of 508 students from an Iranian university. Ordinary least squares regression is used to analyze t...

Social concern theory is an integrative theory that considers human nature in multiple dimensions. This study tested an aspect of social concern theory using self-reported data on cyberbullying. We collected original data from a sample of Iranian high school students and examined direct, indirect, mediating, and conditioning effects of social conce...

Objective We aim to explore antisocial behavior in sports using an integrated criminological framework that includes self‐control theory, control balance theory, and social learning theory. Methods A total of three‐hundred and ninety‐seven (n = 397) professional soccer players in Iran were surveyed. Results Structural equation modeling was used t...

The use of performance-enhancing drugs (PED) in sports is an important social issue. This is particularly true given the recent high-profile doping incidents from a multitude of professional athletic competitions around the world. Because of the numerous individual, team, and socio-political consequences that can stem from sports doping, it has bec...

This article tests Akers’s social learning theory with self-reported panel data on performance-enhancing drug (PED) use among a sample of professional athletes ( n = 510). Using latent growth curve modeling we find that intraindividual differences exist in the developmental growth trajectories of PED use and the social learning process. Specificall...

Studies of antisocial behavior in sports are important, although most lack a theoretical framework. The current study examines the endorsement of antisocial behavior in a sample of coaches using social learning theory. This features a survey of 268 Head Coaches and Assistant Coaches in the Tehran Provincial League, Iran. Results indicate that diffe...

Studies involving illegal gambling in sports are important, though most lack a theoretical framework. The current study examines illegal gambling in sports using a mediational model of General Strain Theory. This features a survey of three-hundred and ninety-two (n = 392) gamblers in Rasht, Iran. Results indicate that participants who experience su...

Purpose This study extends prior research by examining the direct and indirect effects of four of Agnew's life domains (i.e., self, family, school, and peer) through constraints against and motivations for cyberbullying as well as the interaction effects among these life domains using an Iranian sample. Methods Using self-report data on cyberbully...

A sample of 318 students from two Iranian universities was employed to conduct a test of Gottfredson and Hirschi's self-control theory and elements of Akers' social learning theory. Specifically, we sought to determine whether these theories are capable of explaining the decision to cyber bully members and fans of rival sports teams. Structural equ...

This study presents a longitudinal test of Akers' Social Learning Theory. To do so, a sample of Iranian soccer fans were followed across three annual waves of data collection from which a self-report survey specifically designed to test the theory was administered. Respondents were asked to indicate the frequency of their involvement in cyberbullyi...

The use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) is one of the most important issues in the world of sports. At its very heart, this issue speaks to athletic integrity and competitive fairness. When athletes engage in doping, they are committing acts of deviance. The main purpose of this research, accordingly, is to explain why athletes use illegal PE...

This research examines the efficacy of criminological theories for explaining variation in doping behavior in professional athletes. Self-report data were collected from a sample of 732 professional athletes from Iran. Regression models were estimated using theoretically informed measures to examine performance-enhancing drug (PED) usage. Results s...

The prevalence of performance-enhancing drug (PED) use at different levels of professional sport has become an important social issue, particularly when considering recent high-profile incidents from professional sports and the Olympics. Due to the myriad of individual, team, and sociopolitical consequences that can stem from PED use, it becomes cr...

Gambling on sporting events is an illegal activity in Iran, and this phenomenon is widespread. Taking its point of departure from Control and Rational Choice Theories, this study examines the effects of self-control, social bonding, and rational choice on both gambling behavior and pro-gambling orientations. From a sample of 417 gamblers from the c...

To test social learning theory’s ability to explain Iranian sports fans’ decision to engage in cyberbullying perpetration against rivals, a random sample of 464 students from an Iranian university is employed. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze these data. Findings suggest that cyberbullying against rivals is significantly predicted by...

The use of performance-enhancing drugs (PED), also known as “doping,” is a common practice among professional athletes in Iran and this global phenomenon is a serious social problem. The main purpose of this research is to test the efficacy of Gottfredson and Hirschi’s conceptualization of low self-control in conjunction with their ideas of effecti...

Fan aggression (verbal and physical) at sporting events is seemingly becoming increasingly more prevalent, so much so that that one form has been coined as “soccer hooliganism.” Although an emergent area of social and criminological inquiry, few studies have attempted to predict or explain this behavior through a theoretical lens. The present study...

The use of performance-enhancing drugs (PED) is common among Iranian professional athletes. As this phenomenon is a social problem, the main purpose of this research is to explain why athletes engage in “doping” activity, using social learning theory. For this purpose, a sample of 589 professional athletes from Rasht, Iran, was used to test assumpt...

Hostile and instrumental aggression are very popular among soccer fans, The goal of hostile aggression is just to cause harm to the target like rival fans while instrumental aggression refers to actions intended to harm another person with the goal of achieving a result, such as assisting their favourite team to win the match. The body of research...