Sadasivam Kaushik

Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria | ULPGC · EcoAqua Inst

The cover image is based on the Review Essential amino acid requirements of fish and crustaceans, a meta‐analysis by Shujuan Xing and Xiaofang Liang, et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12886 . image

Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) has received increasing attention from policy-makers around the world as an ecosystem-based approach to the waters under the jurisdiction of coastal states, with the aim of enhancing socioeconomic development while promoting environmental protection and conservation. However, this planning process requires abundant a...

a iFFO-the Marine ingredients Organisation, london, uK; b institute of Aquaculture, university of stirling, stirling, uK; c iFFO-the Marine ingredients Organisation, Beijing, china; d texas Agriculture & Medicine university, college station, texas, usA; e universidad de las Palmas de Gran canaria, spain; f norwegian university of life sciences, Aas...

A meta-analysis of literature data on essential amino acid (EAA) requirements of fish and crustaceans was performed to re-estimate EAA requirements and provide ideal amino acid profiles. Large numbers of studies have been conducted on EAA requirements of fish and crustaceans over the past decades. However, estimated EAA requirements of different sp...

The global economy is increasingly focusing on the Oceans to meet its needs, for which maritime spatial planning is being fostered to promote this is done sustainably. Thus, assessing the current state and future development trends of the maritime sectors is key to evaluating the performance of the planning process. This is the aim of this study, i...

Citation: Kalinowski, C.T.; Betancor, M.B.; Torrecillas, S.; Sprague, M.; Larroquet, L.; Véron, V.; Panserat, S.; Izquierdo, M.S.; Kaushik, S.J.; Fontagné-Dicharry, S. More Than an Antioxidant: Role of Dietary Astaxanthin on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in the Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Antioxidants 2023, 12, 136. Abstract: This...

Growth and digestibility trials were undertaken to evaluate a single cell protein (SCP) produced from methane-oxidising bacteria Methylococcus capsulatus (String Bio, Bengaluru, India) as a replacement for fishmeal in the diets of Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain different...

Genetic selection programmes in gilthead seabream mainly focus on traits related to growth, disease resistance, skeletal anomalies, or fillet quality. However, the effect of selection for growth on the reproductive performance of seabream broodstock has not received much attention. The present study aimed to determine the effect of selection for gr...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different n-3 LC-PUFA-rich microalgae replacing FO in larval diets, on performance, biochemical composition and health of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Dietary fish oil (FO) was replaced with oleic acid (OA) or 3 n-3 LC-PUFA-rich algae products (2 commercial products: All G Rich and D...

In the present study, we evaluated the dietary fishmeal (FM) replacement potential of String Pro®, a novel methanotrophic bacterial protein meal (BM), in rainbow trout, based on growth, feed utilization, digestibility, nutrient balance and histological observations. Five isonitrogenous (49.4–51.1%) and isoenergetic (21–22.1 MJ/kg) practical diets c...

Although carbohydrates and sugars are not considered indispensable dietary nutrients for fish or shrimp, they contribute in a significant manner as a source of digestible energy. This chapter addresses different aspects of the issues related with inclusion and utilization of dietary carbohydrates by aquatic animals. Raw complex carbohydrates are po...

This chapter is on protein and amino acid nutrition in aquatic animals. It starts with basic introduction of the nutritional biochemistry of protein and amino acids, followed by the fundamental characteristics of protein digestion, absorption, and transport in fish and crustaceans. This chapter emphasizes the latest developments on the quantitative...

Fish farming based on natural food production in ponds has been practiced for millennia. Such systems are categorized as extensive aquaculture, the aquatic equivalent of grazing in livestock production. Food production could be enhanced by fertilizing ponds, but the practice of supplying feed to be consumed directly by fish was not developed until...

This chapter presents current knowledge, methods, and applications of nutritional energetics in an aquaculture setting. All organisms ingest and metabolize macronutrients that supply dietary energy and the nutrients have different fates. The different aspects of energy flow from feed to fish or shrimp are similar to those known in land animals or b...

The authors found some omissions and errors in the original paper [...]

The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of faecal waste was studied in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed diets with high inclusion of different feed ingredients (field peas, PEA; feather meal, FeM; sunflower cake meal, SFM; wheat dried distillers grain with soluble, WDG; corn gluten meal, CGM and soya protein concentrate, SPC), i...

Dietary hydroxy-selenomethionine (OH-SeMet) reduces oxidative stress and modulates immune response against bacterial infection in fish. However, the effect of OH-SeMet on essential fatty acids with a high oxidation risk or on the response against viral infection has not been sufficiently studied. This study aimed to assess the impact of dietary OH-...

Our aim is to introduce the mineral nutrition of fish and explain the complexity of determining requirements for these elements, which are absorbed and excreted by the fish into the surrounding water. To date, only the requirements for nine minerals have been investigated. The review is focused on the absorption and the dietary factors that reduce...

Aquatic animals have unique physiological mechanisms to absorb and retain minerals from their diets and water. Research and development in the area of mineral nutrition of farmed fish and crustaceans have been relatively slow and major gaps exist in the knowledge of trace element requirements, physiological functions and bioavailability from feed i...

This study evaluated how different forms of Se supplementation into rainbow trout broodstock diets modified the one-carbon metabolism of the progeny after the beginning of exogenous feeding and followed by hypoxia challenge. The progeny of three groups of rainbow trout broodstock fed either a control diet (Se level: 0.3 µg/g) or a diet supplemented...

Genetic selection in gilthead seabream (GSB), Sparus aurata, has been undertaken to improve the growth, feed efficiency, fillet quality, skeletal deformities and disease resistance, but no study is available to delineate the effect of genetic selection for growth trait on GSB reproductive performance under mass spawning condition. In this study, hi...

Citation: Ferosekhan, S.; Turkmen, S.; Pérez-García, C.; Xu, H.; Gómez, A.; Shamna, N.; Afonso, J.M.; Rosenlund, G.; Fontanillas, R.; Gracia, A.; et al. Influence of Genetic Selection for Growth and Broodstock Diet n-3 LC-PUFA Levels on

In relation to the decrease of selenium (Se) content in aquafeeds, the impact of level and form of parental and dietary Se supplementation was investigated in rainbow trout fry using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP MS) bioimaging. The offspring of rainbow trout broodstock, fed either a control diet without any Se...

This chapter provides an overview of rainbow trout nutrition, encompassing its feeding habit, nutritional requirements, physiological mechanisms underlying feed utilisation, practical feed formulations, feeding practices and nutritional diseases.

The relationship between the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC (MSFD) and the Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) process has been analyzed to understand which is the dominant process or where there is an overlap. In this contribution, we used the case study of the three archipelagos: Azores, Madeira and the Canary Islands, included in the...

The relationship between the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC (MSFD) and the Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) process has been analyzed to understand which is the dominant process or where there is an overlap. In this contribution, we used the case study of the three archipelagos: Azores, Madeira and the Canary Islands, included in the...

Environmental factors such as nutritional interventions during early developmental stages affect and establish long-term metabolic changes in all animals. Diets used during the spawning period causes a nutritional programming effect in offspring of gilthead sea bream and affects long-term metabolism. Studies showed modulation of genes such as fads2...

Previous studies have shown that it is possible to nutritionally program gilthead seabream offspring through fish oil (FO) replacement by vegetable oils (VO) in the broodstock diet, to improve their ability to grow fast when fed low fish meal (FM) and FO diets during grow-out phase. However, in those studies broodstock performance was reduced by th...

Selenium is an essential micronutrient and its metabolism is closely linked to the methionine cycle and transsulfuration pathway. The present study evaluated the effect of two different selenium supplements in the diet of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) broodstock on the one-carbon metabolism and the hepatic DNA methylation pattern in the prog...

The principle aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between the fatty acid desaturase 2 gene (fads2) expression pattern in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and liver of gilthead seabream (GSB), Sparus aurata broodstock in order to determine the possible use of fads2 expression as a potential biomarker for the selection of broodstock. This...

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient required for normal development and antioxidant protection. Oxidative stress induced by stressful conditions has been shown to be reduced by dietary Se supplementation. However, replacing fishmeal, an important source of Se, with ingredients of plant origin usually results in decreased Se content in aquaf...

There have been some arguments concerning supplementary feed (cereals) based common carp production in fishponds and water pollution, mostly in Central Europe. Using Czech Republic (top producer in EU) as a benchmark and combining data on nutrient digestibility of feedstuffs used combined with analyses of literature data, we have assessed – nutrien...

Selenium (Se) deficiency is a problem widely encountered in humans and terrestrial livestock production with increasing attention also in aquaculture. Se supports the antioxidant system, which becomes especially important during stressful conditions. In the present study, the effect of Se-supplementation in broodstock and fry diets on the performan...

Two experiments were conducted to test if manipulations of the Arginine-Nitric oxide pathway during the early life of rainbow trout would act on its early myogenic process. In experiment 1, trout embryos were immersed at 72° days post-fertilization (°dpf) or 104°dpf in water alone (control treatment, C) or containing 2 mM/L L-Arg (treatment A) or 1...

A 13-week feeding trial was carried out with juvenile rainbow trout to test two diets: a control diet without astaxanthin (AX) supplementation (CTRL diet), and a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of synthetic AX (ASTA diet). During the last week of the feeding trial, fish were exposed to episodic hyperoxia challenge for 8 consecutive hours per day....

A 13-week feeding trial was carried out with juvenile rainbow trout to test two diets: a control diet without astaxanthin (AX) supplementation (CTRL diet), and a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of synthetic AX (ASTA diet). During the last week of the feeding trial, fish were exposed to episodic hyperoxia challenge for 8 consecutive hours per day....

Metadata from 70 research articles on Cyprinus carpio digestibility published between 1973 and 2017, covering 71 feed ingredients, were analysed. Interquartile range (IR) of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content in feedstuffs was 5–8% and 0.7–1.2% of dry matter, respectively, with digestible N:P 7.2:1–44.1:1. IR of N digestibility (79–99%) was hi...

Feed is a common factor influencing both fish growth and waste production in aquaculture. We examined the effect of different feed ingredients on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of faecal waste produced by common carp. Ingredients rich in (i) starch (field peas, PEA); (ii) protein (feather meal, FeM); (iii) insoluble non-starch polysacchar...

We studied the effects of supplementing a plant-ingredient based rainbow trout broodstock diet with different forms of selenium (Se) on reproductive performance, parental Se transfer and antioxidant metabolism in their progeny before first-feeding. Three groups of rainbow trout were fed a diet either without selenium supplementation (NC, basal Se l...

The present study aimed to determine the effects of dietary inclusion of selenium (Se) in the form of either inorganic Se (sodium selenite, NaSe) or organic Se (hydroxy-selenomethionine, OH-SeMet) on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Triplicate groups of 150 fish each (6.2 ± 0.04 g initial body weight) were distributed in 15 tanks and fed one of f...

Feed protein supplements are one of the most expensive and limiting feed ingredients. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of how the expected expansion of animal production, driven by the rising world population and living standards for more animal-sourced foods, is creating a global shortage of feed protein supply. Because ruminants, chick...

This study lists the requirements of the EU environmental directives that apply on marine and coastal areas and presents the current state of play of the implementation, including the actions that have been applied for the Canary Islands. It is necessary to understand what is already done due the implementation of the environmental policies, so it...

Qu’y a-t-il de commun entre un hippocampe et un poisson-lune, une murène et un requin-baleine, un esturgeon et une carpe… ? Ce sont des poissons. Être poisson suppose d’avoir une forme plus ou moins oblongue avec une tête à une extrémité et une queue à l’autre, de vivre dans l’eau et de savoir y manœuvrer 7 à 9 nageoires stratégiquement placées, d...

Environmental planning cycles are defined with clear deadlines for the implementation of the measures required by legal instruments and which are related to reporting obligations. The Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC (MSFD) is an environmental planning legislation, formally adopted by European Union in 2008. It is an European legal in...

Currently, energy evaluation of fish feeds is performed on a digestible energy basis. In contrast to net energy (NE) evaluation systems, digestible energy evaluation systems do not differentiate between the different types of digested nutrients regarding their potential for growth. The aim was to develop an NE evaluation for fish by estimating the...

Qu’y a-t-il de commun entre un hippocampe et un poisson-lune, une murène et un requin-baleine, un esturgeon et une carpe… ? Ce sont des poissons.Être poisson suppose d’avoir une forme plus ou moins oblongue avec une tête à une extrémité et une queue à l’autre, de vivre dans l’eau et de savoir y manœuvrer 7 à 9 nageoires stratégiquement placées, de...

This report is the deliverable of PLASMAR Project activity 211a: Finding the balance of Blue Growth Sustainable Development within Ecosystem Approach, within which partners analysed the presence, situation and main forecasted trends of the maritime sectors present in the archipelagos of Madeira, Azores and Canaries. This first project activity inte...

The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of different dietary methionine (Met) concentrations on the mechanisms of fish muscle growth (hyperplasia and hypertrophy) by using cellular and molecular approaches. Three plant-based diets differing by their Met level (MD, Met-deficient; MC, Met-control, corresponding to established Met requirement;...

The objective of the present study was to study the effect of inclusion of different dietary selenium (Se) sources on the growth and oxidative status of gilthead seabream larvae. The larvae were fed from 20 to 44 dph three microdiets with different sources of Se: Negative Control, or 6mg Se/kg diet supplied as hydroxy-seleniomethionine (OH-SeMet) o...

Four triplicate groups of Senegalese sole (Solea senagalensis) were fed 12 weeks on diets with increasing dietary inclusion levels of brewer’s yeast 15%, 25% and 35% (Y15, Y25, Y35) together with 40%, 32% and 26% of fish meal and 29%, 26% and 20% of plant ingredients as dietary protein sources. A commercial like diet with 48% fishmeal and 40% plant...

Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) is considered as one of the most interesting and promising species for marine aquaculture diversification in Europe (Morais et al. 2014). Plant proteins (PP) have been successfully used to replace up to 75% of fishmeal in diets for large size Senegalese sole, without affecting growth performance and flesh qualit...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of dietary arginine supplementation on growth performance, urea biosynthesis, and N excretion of juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed fish meal and plant-feedstuffs based diets. For that purpose, five isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) diets were formulated as follows: two diet...

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of low levels of dietary fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) on disease resistance and gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) response after an experimental intestinal infection with V. anguillarum in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) For that purpose, sea bass juveniles were fed one of four diets...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary methionine (Met) and taurine (Tau) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, and oxidative status of European sea bass juveniles. For that purpose, a 12-week growth trial was performed to test four isolipidic (18%) and isonitrogenous (6.7%) practical diets, containing 82% of the pro...

Maritime Spatial Planning, Ecosystem Approach and Supporting Information Systems (MaPSIS) Conference conclusions. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of maximum replacement of fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) by alternative meals (AM) and oils (AO) to develop nutritious, but more eco-friendly diets for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. European sea bass of 9.8 ± 1.5 g and 9.1 ± 0.5 cm were fed nine isonitrogenous (45% crude p...

Recirculation aquaculture systems (RASs) operated at low water exchange rates are known to accumulate minerals in the water. This study examined the dietary mineral requirement and metabolism in common carp reared in RAS of contrasting water exchange rates. Two independent RAS (water exchange rates, 70 vs. 2000 L/kg feed) and five experimental diet...

Two basal diets M0 and V0 were formulated with marine and plant based ingredient composition. Seven experimental diets were prepared from the two basal diets namely M0, M100, V0, V30, V60, V100 and V150 by incorporating different levels of a micromineral premix (Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn). Triplicate groups of rainbow trout (initial weight: 20 g) reare...

div class="title">Comprehensive biometric, biochemical and histopathological assessment of nutrient deficiencies in gilthead sea bream fed semi-purified diets – CORRIGENDUM - Gabriel F. Ballester-Lozano, Laura Benedito-Palos, Itziar Estensoro, Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla, Sadasivam Kaushik, Jaume Pérez-Sánchez

We studied the effect of changes in dietary methionine (Met) supply in broodstock and first-feeding rainbow trout fry (offspring). Three plant-based diets differing in Met level (deficient, adequate or in excess of the established requirement) were fed to the broodstock (male and female) for 6 months prior to spawning (diets BD, BA and BE, respecti...

The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of graded levels of replacement of fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) by terrestrial meals (TM) and vegetable oils (VO) on gut health of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) based on gut morphology, gut-associated immune system (GALT) and gut microbiota composition. Reducing the dietary FM...

The present study aimed to assess the effects of the inclusion of local food industry by-products (brewery yeast, potatoes, vegetables) on growth performance, digestive utilization and flesh quality in Senegalese sole. The by-products were processed and incorporated at 15% inclusion level in 3 experimental diets together with a 40% of locally fish...

This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary arginine (Arg) surplus on gilthead sea bream growth, intestinal nutrient absorption capacity, hepatic and intestinal amino acid (AA) metabolism, and oxidative status. For that purpose a 6 weeks growth trial was performed with gilthead sea bream juveniles fed four isolipidic (18%) and isoproteic (44...

Background The achievement of sustainable feeding practices in aquaculture by reducing the reliance on wild-captured fish, via replacement of fish-based feed with plant-based feed, is impeded by the poor growth response seen in fish fed high levels of plant ingredients. Our recent strategy to nutritionally program rainbow trout by early short-term...

Plant proteins have been successfully used to replace up to 75% of fishmeal in diets for juvenile and large size Senegalese sole without affecting growth performance and flesh quality (Silva et al., 2010; Cabral et al., 2013). The increasing competition for such ingredients raises the need to find new raw materials. In this context, food industry b...

Responses in micro-mineral metabolism to changes in dietary ingredient composition and inclusion of a micro-mineral premix (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Se) were studied in rainbow trout. In a 2 x 2 factorial design, triplicate groups of rainbow trout (initial weight: 20g) were fed over 12 weeks at 17°C a fishmeal-based diet (M) or a plant-ingredient based d...