Sabrina Avignone

• Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico

We describe the case of a 63-year-old woman who developed a coronavirus disease 2019-associated acute encephalopathy with perivascular gadolinium enhancemsent.

Objective: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare congenital disorder (1:125.000) characterized by growth retardation, psychomotor developmental delay, microcephaly and dysmorphic features. In 25% of patients seizures have been described, and in about 66% a wide range of EEG abnormalities, but studies on neurological features are scant and dat...

Fetal MR imaging covers a relatively long period of the fetal brain development: from approximately 18–19 gestational weeks (GW) until birth. Therefore, at present, it is possible to study More than ahalf of the entire gestational periodby this technique.

Sex chromosomal aneuploidies in males are rare diseases with an overwhelming involvement of endocrinological and auxological issues; less frequently, other anomalies are observed. Neuroradiological issues are often not taken into account in single patients, and neuroradiological examinations are rarely performed. Here, we report a boy with 48,XXXY/...

Balò's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is considered a rare demyelinating disease and regarded as an aggressive variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). We describe three cases (one male and two females) with neuroimaging features suggestive of BCS and heterogeneous symptoms, with benign long-term clinical course upon treatment with natalizumab and fingolimo...

Previous studies have shown that Rituximab (RTX) is effective as a disease modifying drug at doses of 500 mg or 1000×2 mg in active Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). We have conducted a pilot study (EUDRACT 2012-001980-53) in which patients with active moderate-severe GO were treated with a single infusion of low dose RTX (100 mg). Ten patients were enroll...

To understand the meaning of diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) of white matter (WM), a frequently observed finding on MR in VLBW infants at a corrected term age. This is a retrospective study. Qualitative visual assessment of cerebral WM signal intensity on T2WI was performed by two readers on 78 VLBW infants, scanned on a 1.5 T-MRI a...

Background: Preliminary studies have shown that rituximab (RTX) is effective in the treatment of active Graves' orbitopathy (GO). Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial (European Clinical Trials Database [EudraCT] 2007-003910-33) to compare RTX with iv methylprednisolone (ivMP) in patients with active moderate to severe GO. Thirt...

Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) in term newborns has been increasingly recognised but the occurrence in late preterm infants and the clinical presentation are still unclear. To investigate the appearance of intracranial haemorrhage at MRI in a cohort of infants born at 34 weeks' gestation or more and to correlate MRI findings with neonatal symptoms....

Purpose: To define a method of quantifying axial proptosis in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) and to validate a score that correlates with the orbital involvement and helps determine the degree of proptosis correction for elective orbital decompression. Design: Retrospective, case series. Participants: The study included 50 patients (gr...

Introduzione: Il Disturbo Bipolare (BD) e' un disturbo cronico dell'umore con prevalenza stimata all'1.5-3% nella popolazione generale. I pazienti affetti possono presentare una disfunzione socio-lavorativo residuale anche durante le fasi di eutimia. In alcuni studi si evidenzia una alterazione di FA media nel fascicolo uncinato e nella radiazione...

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic mood disorder with a prevalence estimated around 1–2%. Bipolar patients may experience social and working residual impairment even during euthymia. Furthermore, specific cognitive deficits, particularly involving working memory (WM), may persist during eythymia as well.AimTo evaluate the possible presence of cogni...

Hyperthyroid Graves' disease (GD) is a B-cell-mediated disease caused by antibodies stimulating the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TRAb). A proportion of patients (40-60%) present with an associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), a progressive inflammatory autoimmune disease of the retroorbital tissue. We thought that the anti-CD20 monoclonal a...

One patient with Graves' hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy in its active phase and unresponsive to steroid, was treated with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab (RTX), as part of an open study. The effect of RTX in the thyroid and the orbital tissues was studied. The ophthalmopathy responded to RTX therapy by ameliorating the eye signs wi...

We describe a female neonate with clinical features of neonatal suffering who underwent trans-fontanelle ultrasound scan. Ultrasound disclosed a hyperchoic expanding lesion, confirmed by subsequent MR scan which revealed large vascular structures and signs of bleeding within the lesion. Angiography was problematic given the weight of the neonate, t...

We describe a female neonate with clinical features of neonatal suffering who underwent trans-fontanelle ultrasound scan. Ultrasound disclosed a hyperchoic expanding lesion, confirmed by subsequent MR scan which revealed large vascular structures and signs of bleeding within the lesion. Angiography was problematic given the weight of the neonate, t...

We report our 4 years' experience with intraluminal US of the biliary ducts performed on 24 patients via a biliary transhepatic-duodenal drainage catheter or a surgically inserted T tube (2 cases). The final diagnosis was a malignant disease in 16 patients and a benign disease in 8 patients. We used an Intra Vascular Ultra Sound (Diasonics) unit wi...