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Publications
Publications (30)
This review concentrates on information concerning the microbiological hazards that can be present in raw milk from animal species other than cows. Total bacterial counts of raw milk are described for several animal species, indicating the quality of the milk, then frequencies of occurrence of several human pathogenic microorganisms are considered...
Les activités de surveillance épidémiologique en santé animale s’appuient, de manière
générale, sur une organisation variable et sur des systèmes de nature différente. À l’échelon
européen, un certain nombre de signaux forts ont été donnés en vue d’un renforcement et
d’une harmonisation des activités de surveillance.
L’objectif de cette étude est d...
L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser les activités belges de surveillance des
maladies animales et zoonotiques chez les animaux, tant du point de vue de la surveillance
spécifique des maladies animales que des aspects structurels et organisationnels, afin
d’émettre des recommandations d’amélioration.
Dans la première partie de cette étude (part...
Based on literature data, the composition of milk from different ruminants (cow, sheep, goat, buffalo, camel, llama, yak and deer) and equidae (horse and donkey) and of human milk were compared to examine possible nutritional differences. Additionally, the alleged health benefits attributed to some of these milks and the effect of heating are discu...
The objective of this study is to analyse the surveillance activities related to the specific animal diseases and also the structural and organizational aspects of the surveillance in Belgium concerning animal and zoonotic diseases in animals, in order to provide recommendations for improvement. In the first part of this study (part I), an inventor...
The epidemiological surveillance activities concerning animal health are generally based on a variable organization and on systems of different nature. At the European level, some strong signals have been given to reinforce and harmonize the surveillance activities. The objective of this study is to analyse the vertical (specific animal diseases su...
Introduction: Emerging animal diseases pose significant threats to animal and public health. It appears impossible to predict the next emerging animal disease with an acceptable degree of uncertainty. Emerging animal diseases are driven by specific risk factors. Objectives: This study was designed to identify and rank risk factors based on their in...
The epidemiological surveillance activities concerning animal health are generally based on a variable organization and on systems of different nature. The objective of this study was to analyse the surveillance activities related to the specific animal and zoonotic diseases and also to investigate the structural and organizational aspects of the s...
In the context of the prevailing trend toward more natural products, there seems to be an increasing preference for raw milk consumption as raw milk is associated with several perceived health benefits that are believed to be destroyed upon heating. However, many human pathogens can be isolated from raw cow milk. The prevalence of foodborne pathoge...
Emerging and major infectious animal diseases can have significant international impact on social, economic and environmental level, and are being driven by various factors. Prevention and control measures should be prepared at both national and international level to mitigate these disease risks. Research to support such policy development is most...
Nucleoside analogs (NAs) represent an important class of anticancer agents that induce cell death after conversion to triphosphate derivatives. One of their most important mechanisms of action is the activation of p53, leading to apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. Classically, the activation of p53 also induces p21 accumulation, which leads t...
Les virus influenza A porcins circulant actuellement en Belgique sont les sous-types
H1N1, H3N2 et H1N2. Ces virus zoonotiques peuvent être transmis entre le porc et l’homme
par contact direct ou par voie aérogène. Le virus pandémique influenza A/H1N1 (2009) est une
nouvelle souche de virus influenza A/H1N1 humain, résultant d’un réassortiment entr...
Porcine influenza A viruses currently circulating in Belgium belong to the subtypes H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2. These zoonotic viruses can be transmitted between swine and humans by direct contact or by aerosol. The pandemic influenza A/H1N1 (2009) virus is a new strain of the human H1N1 influenza A virus resulting from a reassortment between two porcine...
This article presents a current epidemiological analysis of the Belgian situation regarding the parasites belonging to the genus Trichinella. Based on official data obtained with the artificial digestion method, the real prevalence of Trichinella in Belgium is estimated at 0.0025% in wild boars and at 0.2% in foxes. In domestic swine, horses and th...
To prioritize an extended list of food- and water-borne zoonoses to allow food safety authorities to focus on the most relevant hazards in the food chain.
An evidence-based semiquantitative methodology was developed. Scores were given by 35 scientific experts in the field of animal and public health, food, and clinical microbiology and epidemiology...
2-chloroadenosine (2-CAdo) is an adenosine deaminase-resistant analogue of adenosine, widely used as an adenosine receptor agonist. This compound has been shown to induce apoptosis in several cell types either via activation of adenosine receptors or via intracellular metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms of 2-CAdo-induced apoptosis are unc...
Naar aanleiding van enkele uitbraken van botulisme bij melkvee in België gedurende de laatste jaren worden in dit artikel de voedselveiligheidsaspecten die daaraan verbonden zijn nader besproken evenals de maatregelen die kunnen genomen worden op het melkveebedrijf en in de voedselketen ter vrijwaring van de blootstelling van de consument aan event...
This review focuses on two chemotherapeutic agents belonging to the family of purine analogs, 9-beta-D-arabinosyl-2-fluoroadenine-5'-monophosphate (F-ara-AMP, fludarabine), which is the soluble form of F-ara-A, and 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA, cladribine). Both compounds display remarkable activity in malignancies arising from the clonal expans...
Recent studies indicate that deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), which activates various nucleoside analogues used in antileukemic therapy, can be regulated by post-translational modification, most probably through reversible phosphorylation. To further unravel its regulation, dCK was overexpressed in HEK-293 cells as a His-tag fusion protein. Western blot...
To explain why 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA) is unable to block DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression, and paradoxically enhances progression from G1 into S phase in the CdA-resistant leukemia EHEB cell line, we studied its metabolism and effects on proteins regulating the transition from G1 to S phase. A low deoxycytidine kinase activity and...
Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is a key enzyme in the deoxynucleoside salvage pathway and in the activation of numerous nucleoside analogues used in cancer and antiviral chemotherapy. Recent studies indicate that dCK activity might be regulated through reversible phosphorylation. Here, we report the effects of a large panel of protein kinase inhibitors...
Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), a key enzyme of the deoxynucleoside salvage pathway, might have a preponderant role in DNA synthesis in resting chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-lymphocytes. In these cells, two important enzymes in deoxynucleoside triphosphate production, ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase (TK), both cell-cycle regulated, are i...
2-Chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA) is a deoxyadenosine analogue which targets enzymes involved in DNA synthesis, and hence might interfere with the resynthesis step of DNA repair. We tested this hypothesis in resting B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) lymphocytes, after firstly characterizing unscheduled DNA synthesis occurring in these cell...
The effects of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA, cladribine), an adenosine deaminase-resistant analogue toxic for both proliferating and resting lymphoid cells, were investigated in the human leukemia cell line EHEB, which was derived from a patient with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These cells were found to be less sensitive to CdA than B-c...
EHEB cells, a continuous cell line derived from a patient with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), synthesized, when incubated with tritiated 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA), labeled mono-, di-, and triphosphate ribonucleosides at a much higher rate than CdA deoxyribonucleotides. Further analysis revealed that these ribonucleotides were f...
Because 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA) is active in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), and may interfere with DNA repair, we investigated the potentiating effect of CdA on the cytotoxicity induced in vitro in B-CLL lymphocytes by cyclophosphamide (CP) derivatives, which induce DNA damage by DNA cross-linking. Exposure to CdA at clinically ac...
