S. Salous

S. Salous
Durham University | DU · School of Engineering and Computing Sciences

BEE, MSc, PhD

About

254
Publications
24,673
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3,560
Citations

Publications

Publications (254)
Article
Full-text available
Single‐input single‐output (SISO) three‐dimensional (3D) wideband indoor directional measurements collected in a factory environment and an office environment at 38 and 70 GHz are presented. 3D single‐input multiple‐output (SIMO) dual polarised measurements with 1 × 2 antenna configurations were also carried out in a meeting room, a conference room...
Chapter
In this study, we propose a cooperative transmit resource scheduling (CTRS) algorithm for addressing the challenge of asynchronous multiple targets tracking (AMTT) in heterogeneous multiple distributed radar networks (HMDRNs) with imperfect detection performance. The main goal of the CTRS algorithm is to optimize the allocation of heterogeneous ill...
Article
Full-text available
Key Points The editors thank the 2023 peer reviewers
Conference Paper
This paper focuses on assessing snowfall attenuation through the collection and analysis of snowfall data. A PWS100 Weather Sensor station was installed on the roof of the library at Durham University to record precipitation data. A mm-Wave channel sounder was employed, operating at two frequencies (25.84 GHz and 77.54 GHz), to measure attenu...
Article
Full-text available
This paper develops a collaborative trajectory planning and resource allocation (CTPRA) strategy for multi-target tracking (MTT) in a spectral coexistence environment utilizing airborne radar networks. The key mechanism of the proposed strategy is to jointly design the flight trajectory and optimize the radar assignment, transmit power, dwell time,...
Chapter
This paper studies the question of non-cooperative game theoretic power allocation based on low probability of intercept (LPI) in distributed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar networksn. The main purpose of the proposed strategy is to reduce the transmit power of the OFDM radar networks while meeting the pre-defined target det...
Chapter
This paper puts forward a cooperative node selection and resource allocation strategy for search and track applications in radar network. The strategy is proposed to minimize the total energy consumption for searching and multi-target tracking (MTT) tasks by optimizing radar node selection, dwell time and transmit power allocation of multiple radar...
Article
Considering great benefits brought by massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies in Internet of things (IoT), it is of vital importance to analyze new massive MIMO channel characteristics and develop corresponding channel models. In the literature, various massive MIMO channel models have been proposed and classified with different...
Article
Full-text available
Since the publication of the special collection on Radio Channel Modeling for 5G Millimeter Wave Communications in the Built Environments new frequency bands, new antennas and new transmission techniques are being proposed to cope with the demanding requirements of beyond‐5G systems. In this commentary, we provide an overview of the new technology...
Conference Paper
The performance of indoor wireless systems depends on the deployment scenario, so proper parameterization and planning of the local area network (LAN) are crucial, in particular in the millimeter wave band which suffers from blockage. Two of the key performance indicators for wireless LANs are the packet delay and the end-to-end latency, which are...
Article
Full-text available
Several millimeter Wave (mmWave) bands, which suffer from rain attenuation, were identified in the World Radiocommunication Conference 2019 (WRC‐19) for fifth generation (5G) radio networks. In this paper, long‐term attenuation is measured over typical building to building radio links in the built environment, which constitute two 36 m links along...
Article
Full-text available
Key Points The editors thank the 2021 reviewers
Conference Paper
This paper presents eight by eight MIMO measurements in a factory environment for both line of sight (LoS) and non-line of sight (NLoS) scenarios at 25 GHz using eight directional antennas at the transmitter and at the receiver with the custom-designed channel sounder developed at Durham University. The data were analysed to estimate the Rician K-f...
Article
AGU’s Radio Science journal announces an expansion in scope in response to technological developments and welcomes Technical Reports presenting measurements and experimental studies.
Article
To more effectively exploit the omnipresent public non-cooperative illuminators of opportunity (IOs) to improve the low probability of intercept (LPI) performance, a power allocation strategy is developed for target localization in distributed hybrid non-coherent active-passive radar networks. The core of the strategy is to optimize each active rad...
Article
Full-text available
Channel multipath components (MPCs) clustering and cluster characterization are the prerequisite for the development of cluster based channel models. This paper investigates the MPCs clustering based on machine learning and analyzes the cluster characteristics in typical high-speed railway (HSR) scenarios. A variational Bayesian Gaussian mixture mo...
Article
In this paper, a joint transmit resource management and waveform selection (JTRMWS) strategy is put forward for target tracking in distributed phased array radar network. We establish the problem of joint transmit resource and waveform optimization as a dual-objective optimization model. The key idea of the proposed JTRMWS scheme is to utilize the...
Article
In this article, we investigate the problem of joint route optimization and multidimensional resource management (JRO-MDRM) for an airborne radar network in target tracking application. The mechanism of the proposed JRO-MDRM scheme is to adopt the optimization technique to collaboratively design the flight route, transmit power, dwell time, wavefor...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents the results of parameter measurements in two indoor environments for both line of sight (LoS) and non-line of sight (NLoS) scenarios at 25 GHz using multiple directional antennae at the transmitter and a single omnidirectional antenna at the receiver (MISO) with the custom-designed channel sounder developed at Durham University....
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents results of wideband channel measurements at 39 GHz and 70 GHz in a typical indoor office environment. Measurements were carried out using Durham University's multi-band frequency modulated continuous wave channel sounder. The propagation characteristics at different angular orientations are estimated and compared for both freque...
Article
Full-text available
This paper presents the verification of indoor propagation channel simulations based on an intelligent ray launching algorithm (IRLA) in the Ka‐band of the millimeter‐wave (mmWave) spectrum in various indoor environments, including a classroom, an office, and a corridor, by radio channel measurements. Power delay profiles (PDPs), path loss, and roo...
Article
Full-text available
Key Point The editors thank the 2020 peer reviewers
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents results of path loss measurements, in two indoor environments for both LoS and NLoS scenarios across a frequency range from 0.6-73 GHz using the multi-band custom designed channel sounders developed at Durham University. The data are analysed to estimate the path loss parameters for each frequency band with either the close in p...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The millimeter wave (mmWave) band around 60 GHz has been identified as one of the ISM bands for wireless indoor communication systems. In this paper, we present wideband channel measurements conducted at 60 GHz in a seminar room and office environment using state of art Durham University's channel sounder. The statistical channel parameters of powe...
Chapter
This chapter provides overview of fundamental definitions, tools and new methods towards improved channel modeling reported in the Co-operation in Science and Technology (COST)-Inclusive Radio Communications (IRACON) Action for future wireless communications and networks. The overview first covers definitions of propagation environments as they det...
Chapter
Future wireless systems are envisaged to be deployed in various scenarios and across a wide range of frequencies which include below 6 GHz with massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) configurations and above 6 GHz in the millimeter wave frequency band and extending to the Tera Hertz (THz) band. Successful deployment requires a range of model...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Millimeter wave (mmWave) radio links are largely affected by precipitation. In this paper, we use a custom-designed continuous wave (CW) channel sounder to record channel data at K band (25.84 GHz) and E band (77.52 GHz) for direct line of sight link and a side non line of sight link with dual polarizations. A high-performance PWS100 disdrometer is...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Clutter loss refers to the power loss caused by clutter objects such as buildings and vegetation. The determination of clutter loss is crucial for the deployment of wireless communication networks. In this paper, we present results of clutter loss measurements at 26 GHz in a campus environment. The ITU-R P.2108-0 statistical clutter loss model is a...
Article
In this article, a joint target assignment and resource optimization (JTARO) strategy is proposed for the application of multitarget tracking in phased array radar network system. The key mechanism of our proposed JTARO strategy is to employ the optimization technique to jointly optimize the target-to-radar assignment, revisit time control, bandwid...
Conference Paper
Ray launching (RL) algorithms are widely employed in indoor radio frequency (RF) design and planning, where a trade-off exists between the prediction accuracy and the computational cost. In this paper, a RL-based channel simulation is carried out in a simplified three-dimensional (3D) model of a typical classroom environment at the Ka-band. Channel...
Article
Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) configuration, which is composed of multiple distributed dual-function transmitters, multiple radar receivers and multiple communication receivers, are capable of performing target state estimation and information transferring tasks simultaneously. In this ar...
Article
This paper proposes a multi-feature fusion based propagation scene recognition model for high-speed railway (HSR) channels and presents the channel relevance analysis of HSR scenes. Extensive field measurement data in typical HSR scenes, including rural, station, suburban and multi-link scenes, are collected with the assist of railway long-term evo...
Article
Full-text available
Key Points The editors thank the 2019 peer reviewers
Article
Full-text available
In this study, the problem of the low probability of intercept (LPI) performance optimisation for a joint radar‐communications system (JRCS) is investigated, which can simultaneously estimate surveillance channel parameters from the target returns and decode the received communications signals. The primary purpose of the proposed LPI performance op...
Article
Dual-function radar-communications (DFRC) system has been recognized as a promising solution to alleviate the radio frequency spectrum congestion and the shortage of spectrum resources. In this article, we address the problem of designing the joint subcarrier selection and power allocation scheme to minimize the power consumption of a DFRC system,...
Article
In order to simultaneously enhance the low probability of intercept (LPI) performance and resource utilization of distributed radar network system, an LPI-based collaborative power and bandwidth allocation (CPBA) strategy is developed for multi-target tracking in the current work. The primary aim of the proposed LPI-CPBA strategy is to exploit the...
Article
The performance of distributed communication systems is commonly subject to the cross-correlation characteristics of multi-link channels. In this paper, we concentrate on the modeling of multi-link small-scale fading (SSF) channels in high-speed train (HST) communication networks with distributed base stations according to the classical geometry-ba...
Article
Full-text available
The International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU‐R) Study Group 3 identified the need for a number of radio channel models in anticipation of the World Radiocommunications Conference in 2019 when the frequency allocation for 5G will be discussed. In response to the call for propagation path loss models, members of the study...
Presentation
Full-text available
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is a key technology for the fifth generation (5G) wireless communications and can be used for fronthaul, backhaul, and fixed link building to building transmission to provide high data transmission rate in indoor and outdoor environments. The electromagnetic wave above 10 GHz suffers more from rain attenuation...
Article
Full-text available
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is a key technology for fifth generation (5G) and beyond communication networks. However, the communication quality of the radio link can be largely affected by rain attenuation, which should be carefully taken into consideration when calculating the link budget. In this paper, we present results of weather da...
Article
Full-text available
In this study, a low probability of intercept (LPI)‐based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing radar waveform design strategy is developed for target time delay estimation in a cooperative radar‐communications system, where the communications base station (CBS) is able to receive and process the radar emissions. The basis of the LPI‐based rad...
Article
Full-text available
High time resolution spectrum occupancy measurements and analysis are presented for 2.4 GHz WLAN signals. A custom-designed wideband sensing engine records the received power of signals, and its performance is presented to select the decision threshold required to define the channel state (busy/idle). Two sets of measurements are presented where da...
Article
This paper investigates the problem of power minimization-based joint subcarrier assignment and power allocation (PM-JSAPA) for an integrated radar and communications system (IRCS). In the considered system, the integrated transmitter is responsible to fulfill both radar and communications purposes simultaneously. The proposed PM-JSAPA strategy aim...
Article
Full-text available
This paper investigates the problem of low probability of intercept-based optimal power allocation (LPI-OPA) for an integrated multistatic radar and communication system, which consists of multiple transmitters operating at different frequencies, a radar receiver, and a communication receiver (CR). The integrated multistatic radar and communication...
Article
In this paper, we study the problem of robust Stackelberg game-based power control (RSG-PC) for spectral coexisting multistatic radar and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. Recognizing that the path propagation gains cannot be assumed to be constant, the column-wise model is employed to describe the uncertainty of...
Article
Full-text available
In this paper, the problem of Stackelberg game-theoretic low probability of intercept (LPI) performance optimization in multistatic radar system is investigated. The goal of the proposed LPI optimization strategy is to minimize the transmitted power of each radar while satisfying a predetermined signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requir...
Article
Full-text available
Science operates best by sharing accurate new knowledge in clear ways. In order to check our assumptions, our methods, and our interpretations of the observations, experiments, analyses, and calculations that we do, we ask experts who were not involved in the study to critically evaluate our work. We call this peer review. They look for completenes...
Article
Long-term evolution for railway (LTE-R) represents a promising network for smart railway, enabling fast and reliable wireless communications on high-speed trains (HSTs) with speeds as high as 500 km/h. To the best of our knowledge, the existing channel models are insufficient to assess such performance. To fill this gap, we propose the tapped delay...
Article
Full-text available
This paper investigates the problem of low probability of intercept (LPI)‐based adaptive jamming waveform design for distributed multiple‐radar architectures. Such a smart jammer system adopts a multibeam working mode, where multiple simultaneous jamming beams are synthesized to interfere with multiple radars independently. The primary objective of...
Article
This paper presents the analysis of short-term fading behavior in high-speed railway (HSR) communication networks, based on passive channel measurements. A long-term evolution (LTE)-based channel sounding system is used to measure the propagation characteristics in a dedicated HSR LTE network with multiple scenarios, such as rural, station, and sub...
Article
Find out who is taking over the helm of Radio Science and her plans for taking the journal forward in the coming years.
Article
Full-text available
The integration of radar and communications systems can provide great advantages, such as enhanced efficiency, structure simplification, less occupied hardware resources, and interference mitigation, compared with traditional individual radar and communications applications. Extensive studies have presented achieving improved system performance, wh...
Article
In this paper, a joint transmitter selection and resource management (JTSRM) strategy based on low probability of intercept (LPI) is proposed for target tracking in distributed radar network system. The basis of the JTSRM strategy is to utilize the optimization technique to control transmitting resources of radar networks in order to improve the LP...
Article
Peer review is widely accepted as an indispensable part of science. The hours spent reading and commenting on manuscripts not only improves the manuscripts themselves but also ensures the scientific rigor of future research in our field. These contributions are vital. On behalf of Radio Science , AGU, and the scientific community, the Editors and A...
Article
Full-text available
This paper presents a novel Nash bargaining solution (NBS)-based cooperative game-theoretic framework for power control in a distributed multiple-radar architecture underlying a wireless communication system. Our primary objective is to minimize the total power consumption of the distributed multiple-radar system (DMRS) with the protection of wirel...
Conference Paper
THz frequencies offer the potential for high data rate, short-range communication. In this paper, a THz Vector Network Analyser operating in the 0.75 to 1.1 THz region is used to characterise short (sub 30 cm) channel lengths. Path loss and diffraction losses are reported.
Article
Full-text available
In this paper, the problem of low probability of intercept (LPI)-based radar waveform design for distributed multiple-radar system (DMRS) is studied, which consists of multiple radars coexisting with a wireless communication system in the same frequency band. The primary objective of the multiple-radar system is to minimize the total transmitted en...