Rufus Ojo Akomolafe

Obafemi Awolowo University | OAU · Department of Physiological Science

Background Sedentary behavior or physical inactivity is considered a foremost contributor to the rise in obesity and overweight and a risk factor for several non-communicable diseases. However, its effect on the etiopathogenesis of some diseases is underestimated in both developed and developing countries worldwide. The present study designed a nov...

Background Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the potent and low cost chemotherapy used in clinical setting against a variety of tumors. However, its association with nephrotoxicity limits its therapeutic use. Ocimum gratissimum leaf is a medicinal plant with numerous pharmacological and therapeutic efficacies, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation,...

Background Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the potent and low cost chemotherapy used in clinical setting against a variety of tumors. However, its association with nephrotoxicity limits its therapeutic use. Ocimum gratissimum leaf is a natural plant with numerous pharmacological and therapeutic efficacies, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, an...

Diclofenac (DF) is widely used in the treatment of pain and fever. Despite it therapeutic benefits, it triggered hepatorenal injury. Thus, the present study investigated the protective roles of kolaviron (KV) against DF-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats. The rats were allotted into groups: control group received propylene glycol and treatm...

Background: This study aimed at scientifically exploring the diagnostic potential of saliva in the determination of renal function status using Wistar rat model of obesity-induced kidney injury. This included assessment of the relationship between saliva and plasma renal function biomarkers (novel and classical) in obese condition. Method: Sixteen...

Background: Lead (Pb) remains an apparently indispensable material in several industrial processes. It is a potent environmental toxin with associated deleterious biological effects. The study investigated the effects of aqueous garlic extract (AGE) on renal clearance and proteinuria in Wistar rats with Pb-induced kidney injury. Methods: Thirty mal...

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside drug, used for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. Despite its potency against bacterial infections, its clinical use is limited owing to nephrotoxicity effect. However, the study investigated the nephroprotective effect of fatty acids from ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seeds (EEMOS) against ge...

Background Obesity and its increasing incidence is becoming a global concern. This condition is often associated with compromised health and reduced life expectancy. A proper understanding of the underlying mechanism(s) for its associated health risks can help to create better preventive and therapeutic measures against this life-threatening condit...

The study was carried out to determine the influence of proteinuria on plasma and urine concentrations of electrolytes and hematological indices in Wistar rats of different age groups. Eighty Wistar rats of both sexes were used for this study. Groups 1 and 2 each consisted of 8 one month old male and female rats; 3 and 4 had 8 three month old rats;...

Aim: This study investgated the efects of oral kolaviron administraton on proteinuria in Wistar rats. Methods: The study used 20 Wistar rats that were divided into four groups of fve rats each. Group 1 orally received 2 ml/kg of propylene glycol, for 30 consecutve days before they were sacrifced. Groups 2, 3, and 4 received graded doses of kolaviro...

Background The study determined the fractions of proteins in the urine and plasma of rats at different ages, measured the plasma and urine concentrations of markers of renal function, with a view to determining the influence of proteinuria on renal function. Methods Eighty Wistar rats were used for this study. Groups 1 and 2 each consisted of eigh...

This study investigated the quantitative polyphenolic constituents and gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf (MEVA) against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Ulceration was induced by 3 days’ oral administration of aspirin (150 mg/kg body weight). Wistar rats were pretreated with cimetidine (reference drug) a...

Aims: The present study was carried out to evaluate the protec- tive effects of colvicone (KV), a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds on diclofenac-induced hepatic injury in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 animals each. Group 1 (control) received propylene glycol at 2 ml / kg orally for 28 days. G...

The beneficial effects of Ocimum gratissimum, have been attributed mainly to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the protective effects of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves (AEOGL) on acetic acid induced colitis in male rats. Twenty male Wistar rats, 100–180 g were divided into four groups as follows...

The beneficial effects of kolaviron, a natural biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, have been attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was designed to investigate the renoprotective effect of kolaviron in rat model of diclofenac (DFC)-induced acute renal failure. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided in...

Colitis is a chronic inflammation and ulcer on the inner lining of the large intestine. For many centuries Ocimum gratissimum (OG) leaves have been used in folk medicine in Nigeria to treat inflammatory bowel diseases, however, to date, the anti-colitis effects of OG have not been scientifically proven. In this study we investigated the effects of p...

Objectives: Cisplatin (CIS) is an effective antitumor drug. However, its clinical use is limited due to nephrotoxicity. l-Carnitine and vitamin C are both natural antioxidant that can be obtained from diets. This study investigated the effects of l-carnitine and/or vitamin C in rats against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: Twenty-five mal...

This study investigated the protective effects of methanol extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf (MEVA) on aspirin induced gastric ulcer in rats. Thirty Wistar rats, 150–200 g were divided into six groups as follows: Group 1 (control) rats received 2 mL/kg of propylene glycol for 28 consecutive days. Group 2 (Ulcer Control) received 150 mg/kg/day of...

This study evaluated the ameliorative and prophylactic effects of 2 different doses of polyphenolic-rich fraction of Garcinia kola (PPRFGk) seeds on the histology and hormones of pituitary–testicular axis of male Wistar rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-200 g) were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Groups I and II were given distilled wat...

The adverse and beneficial health effects of nicotine (NIC), the major alkaloid found in cigarettes and tobacco, are controversial. Most studies on NIC have focused on its effects on cardiovascular and nervous functions. This study aimed at determining dose- and sex-specificeffects of sub-acute (28 days) NIC administration on some indices of kidney func...

The effects of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaf (AOGL) on the renal function of rats with gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated. This study involved the use of forty five (45) adult male Wistar rats (housed in separate metabolic cages) such that graded doses of OAGL were administered to the experimental groups (p.o.) for 28...

Background: Due to its rapid onset of action, high antibacterial efficacy and low cost, gentamicin (GEN) is still been used (particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries) despite its nephrotoxic antibiotic effects. Experimental ethno-botanical evaluations are imperative in a world with increasing incidence of kidney injury; a condition t...

Gentamicin Creatinine Urea Kidney Rat A B S T R A C T This study investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaf (AOGL) on some markers of renal function in rats with gentamicin-induced nephropathy. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (the control) (n = 5...

The kidney, which is an integral part of the drug excretion system, was reported as one of the targets of cadmium toxicity. Early events of cadmium toxicity in the cell include a decrease in cell membrane fluidity, breakdown of its integrity, and impairment of its repair mechanisms. Phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E have a marked fluidizing effect...

This study was carried out to determine the changes in feeding pattern, plasma and urine concentrations of some organic constituents which are often used in the assessment of renal function following chroni c administration of copper sulphate to Wistar rats. The changes in plasma activities of some liver enzymes were also investigated. Twenty (20)...

The study investigated the relationship between physiological proteinuria and the histomorphometry of the renal corpuscles in apparently healthy Wistar rats of both sexes, belonging to the same age group. This was with a view to appraise any possible connection between potential expression of sexual dimorphism and the histomorphometry of some integ...

Background is a plant, conventionally used in Africa in the treatment of various ailments such as migraine, morning sickness and indigestion. The aim of the present study was to explore the diuretic activity of the aqueous extract of Methods The study was divided into diuretic and subchronic studies. Twenty-five male Wistar rats weighing between 1...

Th e kidney, which is an integral part of the drug excretion system, was reported as one of the targets of cadmium toxicity. Early events of cadmium toxicity in the cell include a decrease in cell membrane fl uidity, breakdown of its integrity, and impairment of its repair mechanisms. Phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E have a marked fl uidizing eff...

Aim: To determine the effects of polyphenol-rich extract of the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (PEVA) on the feeding pattern of rats that were exposed to cadmium (Cd) toxicity. Materials and methods: Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 160-180 g, were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each as follows; Group 1 received distilled water orally (0.2 ml/1...

Aim: To determine the effects of polyphenol-rich extract of the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (PEVA) in rats with Cd-induced nephropathy. Materials and methods: Sixty five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups as follows; Group 1 received distilled water throughout the period of study. Group 2 received 5 mg/kg body weight of cadmium (Cd...

This study evaluated the influence of orally administered zinc sulphate on bowel movement of rats by the faecal output and gastrointestinal transit time in the rats. The effects of zinc sulphate on feeding as well as water intake were also determined. The dose of zinc sulphate that yielded the maximal effect was administered alongside baclofen to i...

Introduction Dextrocardia with situs inversus is a rare congenital disease. In patients with this condition, the heart is presented as a mirror image of itself with its apex pointing to the right. The pulmonary and abdominal anatomies are reversed. Dextrocardia with situs inversus occurs at birth but its diagnosis may be in adulthood. This case adv...

This study assessed healthy young adults to determine the normal limits for electrocardiographic variables and cut-off values for left ventricular hypertrophy. It was a cross sectional descriptive study in which the participants were evaluated clinically by standard 12-lead resting electrocardiogram (ECG) at 25mm/s during quiet respiration. The hea...

Zinc supplementation is a critical new intervention for treating diarrheal episodes in children. Recent studies suggest that administration of zinc along with new low osmolarity oral rehydration solutions / salts (ORS) can reduce the duration and severity of diarrheal episodes for up to three months. Several mechanisms of action of zinc has been pr...

AIM: This study was to assess the prophylactic and curative effects of Essentiale forte (ESF) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each. Group I (control group) received 0.3 ml/kg/day of propylene glycol for one mo...

Objective: Livolin forte ® (LIV) is a hepatoprotective drug that is being used in hospitals worldwide in the treatment and management of liver diseases. However, as it appear through the available published literature, the physiological effects of the drug on the liver using a rat model of hepatotoxicity is not yet well established. This study asse...

This study evaluated the influence of orally administered zinc acetate on gastrointestinal tract propulsion of rats. It also evaluated the effects of the salt on faecal output and gastrointestinal transit time in the rats. The effects of zinc acetate on feeding as well as water intake were determined. The dose of zinc acetate which produced the max...

This study attempted to elucidate the neurotransmitter systems involved in the neurophysiological properties of ethanolic extract, fractions and pure isolates of Spondias mombin leaves in mice (n = 6) after intraperitoneal (i.p.) route of administration.The crude ethanolic extract of Spondian mombin leaves was fractionated using the partitioning me...

Ameoliorative and protective effects of livolin and Essential Forte on Carbon-Tetrachloride induced liver damage in Wistar rats was studied with a view to understand the mechanism of Livolin reversal of liver damage in rats. The assay results and photomicrographs of the liver of the rats showed that both livolin and essential forte were able to rev...

This study aimed at determining changes in plasma activities of some enzymes and concentrations of plasma organic constituents which are often used in the assessment of liver functions in uninfected rats (UNR) and Plasmodium berghei infected rats (INR), following a week of intramuscular administration of artemether (12.5 to 50.0 mg/kg/day). The obs...

The consumption of Silkworm, Anaphe venata has been reported to be associated with a high incidence of seasonal ataxia in some parts of Nigeria. Injection of some doses of Aqueous Anaphe venata extract (AAV) by intraperitoneal route into mice has been reported to cause some behavioral changes associated with ataxia. We administered some doses of th...

This study aimed at determining changes in urine concentrations of sodium (Na +) and potassium (K +) of Plasmodium berghei infected rats during a week of intramuscular administration of artemether (12.5 to 50.0 mg/kg/day) and one week thereafter. Their concentrations and that of creatinine and urea in the plasma were also determined at the end of t...

This study was carried out to determine the changes in the urine levels of sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), and calcium (Ca 2+) of rats during a week of intramuscular administration of artemether (12.5 to 50.0 mg/kg/day), another one week thereafter and their concentrations in the plasma at the end of the study. At 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg of artemether,...

The in-vitro effects of methanolic extract (MCSL) and aqueous infusion (ACSL) of the leaves of C. sieberiena on the motility of the rat intestines were studied and compared with those of C. acutifolia(MCAL and ACAL) “Senna”. All the extracts and infusion relaxed the ileum dose-dependently. Their effects were blocked by tolazoline, indicating that á...

This article reviewed the folk medical value of Spondias mombin with the correlated research findings on the uses of Spondias mombin. Most of the folk uses had been scientifically proven in most of the regions where those beliefs are based. The plant was described with habitat, the local uses including the uses of its parts mentioned. We reviewed t...

The aim of this study is to evaluate and confirm the possible neurotransmitter(s) involved in artemether-induced behavioural syndrome in rats. Rats were administered with 0.2 mL kg<SUP>-1</SUP> normal saline and varying doses of i.m artemether (25, 50 and 100 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>) for 6 consecutive days. Neurotoxic symptoms were observed with 50 and...

The effects of artemether (12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg/kg per day, i.m.), administered to different groups of Plasmodium berghei ‐infected and ‐uninfected adult Wistar rats for 1 week, were investigated. The parameters evaluated were the feeding, drinking and urinating patterns of the rats and these were compared with those of rats that received normal...

In this study, we evaluated the effects of air-dried Spondias mombin leaves extracted with aqueous, methanol and ethanol solvents on hexobarbital-induced sleeping time and novelty-induced rearing (NIR) behaviours in mice and rats. We also studied the effect of the extracts on amphetamine- and apomorphine-induced stereotyped and picrotoxin-induced c...

Spondias mombin L (Anacardiaceae) is a plant used by traditional medical practitioners in Nigeria in the treatment of various nervous disorders. In this study, the anxiolytic properties of the aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of the leaves were examined using aggressive- behaviour response and depression-related swimming behaviour activities....

Folkloric evidence and scientific reports indicate the use of C. podocarpa fruit as a purgative recipe. This study attempts to find the in vitro effects of its aqueous infusion (ACPF) and methanolic extract (MCPF) on the motility of the intestine of albino rats of Wistar strain and to compare their effect with those of C. acutifolia fruit (ACAF and...

Spondias mombin L [Anacardiaceae] is a plant used by traditional medical practitioners in Nigeria in the treatment of various nervous disorders. In this study, the anxiolytic properties of the aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of the leaves were examined using aggressive-behaviour response and depression-related swimming behaviour activities....