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May 2006 - August 2009
May 2006 - August 2009
Publications
Publications (44)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is associated with non-progressive cognitive dysfunction including hippocampal-dependent memory deficits. Loss of the cytoskeleton-associated dystrophin protein in central inhibitory synapses, associated with consequent alterations in GABAergic function and synaptic plasticity, has been proposed as a primary mechan...
The Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD, BMD) show significant comorbid diagnosis for autism, and the genomic sequences encoding the proteins responsible for these diseases, the dystrophin and associated proteins, have been proposed as new candidate risk loci for autism. Dystrophin is expressed not only in muscles but also in central inhi...
Mental retardation is a feature of X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) which likely results from the loss of the brain full-length (Dp427) and short C-terminal products of the dystrophin gene, such as Dp71. The loss of Dp427 or Dp71 is known to alter hippocampal glutamate-dependent synaptic transmission and plasticity in mice. Although dystr...
Long-term memories seem to require protein synthesis to be established. This process can be related with synaptogenesis resulting in changes in the form or even in the number or proportion of synaptic contacts. Results from behavioral studies assessing quantitative changes associated with different learning tasks are controversial. The aim of our w...
Background:
The Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD, BMD) are neuromuscular disorders commonly associated with diverse cognitive and behavioral comorbidities. Genotype-phenotype studies suggest that severity and risk of central defects in DMD patients increase with cumulative loss of different dystrophins produced in CNS from independent...
Aim:
During the last two decades brain related comorbidities of Duchenne have received growing scientific and clinical interest and therefore systematic assessment of cognition, behaviour and learning is important. This study aims to describe the instruments currently being used in five neuromuscular clinics in Europe as well as the diagnoses bein...
La unidad estructural y funcional del cerebro son las neuronas y las células gliales. Se calcula que existen alrededor de 100 billones de neuronas en el sistema nervioso humano y unas 10 veces más de células gliales. Las neuronas son unas células especializadas que reciben, procesan y transmiten la información con gran especificidad y exactitud, pe...
En el presente capítulo se aborda una introducción a las técnicas existentes en el momento actual para el desarrollo de los objetivos de la disciplina científica denominada neurociencia cognitiva. Este campo del conocimiento en continuo desarrollo, centrado en esclarecer las relaciones entre el cerebro y la conducta, dispone hoy de un sofisticado a...
Objetivos 1. Distinguir los sistemas neurales responsables de la memoria implícita y explí-cita. 2. Conocer el sustrato neural de los procesos de aprendizaje no asociativo y del priming. 3. Conocer el sustrato neural de los procesos del condicionamiento clásico y el condicionamiento instrumental. 4. Aprender los procesos neurobiológicos involucrado...
La función cerebral depende de un diálogo constante entre las unidades estructurales del sistema nervioso, las neuronas. Esta comunicación se realiza principalmente en lugares específicos, altamente especializados, denominados ‘sinapsis’. El código básico de comunicación empleado por las células nerviosas es de tipo electroquímico. En las llamadas...
The medial prefrontal cortex has been associated with fear, anxiety and stress regulation, and has recently been suggested to play a crucial role in the development of behavioural changes in response to stress. In this study, we evaluated medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) involvement in both anxiety-like behaviour and increased anxiety-like responses...
Consolidation processes were studied in the rat by using functional inactivation techniques. Previous results showed that unilateral hippocampal inactivation alters consolidation. It is not clear if bilateral treatments increase the impairment. Wistar rats were trained in the Morris water maze during 4 consecutive days. Subjects received saline or...
Hippocampal and striatal systems are widely related to spatial tasks. Depending on the strategies used, different memory systems can be activated. In this study, the authors used the cytochrome c-oxidase technique as a functional marker of the hippocampal and dorsal striatum activity related to training in several water maze tasks. Current results...
One approach to assess neuroendocrine response to portal hypertension in short-term portal vein-stenosed rats consists in studying metabolic and functional activity patterns in adrenal glands using mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (COX) as a histochemical marker. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a control group (Group I; n =...
The sexual differences in cerebral nuclei are produced by the organizational and the activational function of gonadal hormones. The different performances by male and female rats in memory tasks requiring use of the mammillary bodies (MBs), could be due to structural and functional sexual dimorphic differences. Our work quantifies the number of gli...
The hippocampus is one of the more widely studied structures related with spatial memory. In this study, we assessed the effect of unilateral inactivation of the dorsal hippocampus with tetrodotoxin (TTX) on the performance displayed by Wistar rats in the spatial version of the Morris water maze. In experiment 1, we injected into the dorsal hippoca...
Diferencias sexuales en el laberinto acuático de Morris en ratas jóvenes: dimensiones temporales.Existen muchos factores que influyen en nuestra memoria. El lapso de tiempo entre la adquisición y la recuperación de información parece ser crucial. En este estudio se evaluó en el laberinto de Morris la memoria espacial en ratas macho y hembra a los 3...
In the present study, we have calculated the total neuronal number and volume of the tuberomammillary nucleus and of each of its subgroups E1, E2 and E3 in the Wistar rat. This estimation was done using stereological methods that can produce accurate quantifications. Neuronal number was estimated by applying the optical fractionator and the total v...
Diferencias sexuales en el laberinto acuático de Morris en ratas jóvenes: dimensiones temporales.Existen muchos factores que influyen en nuestra memoria. El lapso de tiempo entre la adquisición y la recuperación de información parece ser crucial. En este estudio se evaluó en el laberinto de Morris la memoria espacial en ratas macho y hembra a los 3...
To investigate brain substrates of spatial memory, neuronal expression of c-Fos protein was studied. Two groups of rats were trained in two spatial memory tasks in the Morris water maze, where the rats have to apply a reference memory rule or a working memory rule. In addition to the experimental groups, two control groups were used to study c-fos...
The aim of this work is to clarify the role of histamine in learning and memory processes. In order to do this, the effect of administration of the histamine precursor, L-histidine (HIS) and of the agonist of the H(3) receptor, (R)-alpha-methylhistamine (RAMH), on active avoidance response in rats is studied. Treatment with RAMH (10 mg/kg i.p.) inc...
To investigate brain substrates of spatial memory, the cellular expression of c-Fos protein in rats was studied after training the animals to perform a spatial reference memory task and a working reference memory task in a Morris water maze. The number of c-Fos positive neuronal nuclei was quantified in several brain regions: entorhinal cortex, ant...
This study was designed to assess the effect of ageing on spatial (allocentric and egocentric) strategies in rats. Two different tasks were designed for this purpose: one involving Morris' circular pool (distal extramaze cues) and another using the T water maze (egocentric cues). In the first task, the aged rats showed some difficulty in acquiring...
Memoria espacial y expresión de c-fos en núcleo supramamilar, giro cingulado anterior y corteza entorrinal. Este trabajo se aproxima al estudio de los substratos cerebrales de la memoria espacial en ratas, empleando la expresión celular de la proteína c-Fos. Para ello, se analizó la expresión de la proteína c-Fos después de la ejecución de una tare...
The aim of this study is to determine whether sex-related differences exist in the biosynthetic activity of the mitral cells within the mitral layer of the AOB. Possible functional changes over the estrus cycle and the potential effects of castration and androgenization are assessed. Biosynthetic activity was measured using silver staining of the a...
Since publication of the book The hippocampus as a cognitive map by O'Keefe and Nadel in 1978, several theoretical and experimental works have supported the participation of the hippocampus in rodents in spatial processing. Since then, great advances have been made into understanding the potential role of the hippocampus in learning and memory proc...
Condicionamiento de evitación activa en ratas: ausencia de efecto del sexo y ciclo estral. En este artículo se estudian las posibles diferencias entre las ratas macho y hembra (Rattus norvegicus) en la adquisición y consolidación del aprendizaje de evitación de 2 vías. Además de monitorizar los parámetros conductuales (escapes y evitaciones), se de...
The recent applications of the stereology in the neurocience has permitted to accomplish unbiased estimates of numerous morphologic parameters of the Nervous System. This work intends to analyze the precision of the stereological estimations in two psicobiological studies: numerical and volumetric quantifications of nervous cells applying two stere...
The most important Confirmatory Factor Analysis indices, (χ 2, Bentler and Bonett) were studied, using Montecarlo methodology. 4500 samples were generated, under 45 different conditions. The results show that χ 2 adjustment index is influenced by sample size. The effect of intrafactor correlations was not statistically significant. Bentler and Bone...
The applications of the stereology in Neuroscience have been improved by the recent advances in the precision of stereological estimates. Here we make a comparision between two methods of estimating the coefficients of error. The new formula described by Cruz-Orive (1999) incorporate the local or ¿nugget¿ effect in addition to the error due to the...
Siguiendo el método de Montecarlo se ha llevado a cabo una simulación para el estudio del comportamiento de los índices de ajuste en el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Se generaron 4.500 muestras con un total de 1.890.000 de sujetos bajo 45 condiciones distintas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la dependencia de ?2 del tamaño muestral, siendo p...
