Rotimi Arise

University of Ilorin | unilorin · Department of Biochemistry

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a powerful computational tool used in biomolecular studies to investigate the dynamics, energetics, and interactions of a wide range of biological systems at the atomic level. GROMACS is a widely used free and open-source biomolecular MD simulation software recognized for its efficiency, accuracy, and extensive...

Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the industrial use of plant protein isolates as functional ingredients to enhance the nutritional quality of various products. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the composition, proximate analysis, storage proteins, and compound identification of T. occidentalis seed protein isolate (TOSPI)....

This study aimed to appraise the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions obtained from Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) seeds. The seed protein was extracted and hydrolysed using pepsin (pepTOSPH), alcalase (alcTOSPH) and pancreatin (panTOSPH) according to standard protocols. The pepTOS...

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a powerful computational tool used in biomolecular studies to investigate the dynamics, energetics, and interactions of a wide range of biological systems at the atomic level. GROMACS is a widely used free and open-source biomolecular MD simulation software recognized for its efficiency, accuracy, and extensive...

Rising concerns with the use of synthetic antidiabetic drugs have promoted a shift towards the use of natural products. This study therefore investigated the antidiabetic activity of peptide hydrolysate of Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis) seed protein (PHTOSP) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty-six (36) experimental animals wer...

This study aimed at determining the anti-diabetic, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of African walnut enriched-kunu beverage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The physicochemical, sensory and anti-diabetic properties of the four formulated samples viz : NWJ (90% kunu + 10% raw walnut juice); BWJ (90% kunu + 10% boiled...

Hypertension prevalence, the adverse effects of synthetic antihypertensives, and the key role angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) and oxidative stress play in hypertension pathophysiology, have led to the search for novel and multipotent ACE inhibitory and antioxidant peptides from safer and cheaper sources like plants. The study evaluated the an...

Background: Exposure of potato tubers to light causes accumulation of glycioalkaloids in the tubers and overdose of glycoalkaoids are associated with some toxicity. This study aims to investigate the effect of consuming sunlight exposed tubers of Irish potato on some selected tissues of rats. Methods:Freshly harvested tubers of Solnum tuberosum wer...

The global community is facing a serious problem of food insecurity cum protein-vital nutrients malnutrition despite the painstakingly high rates of the numbers of underutilized legume crops commonly available around. Hence, various processing methods, anti-nutritional factors, morphological properties and in-vitro protein digestibility that would...

The effect of sodium butyrate (SB) and taurine on rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase (RIA) and the effect of the interaction of taurine and/or SB with bacterial lipopolysaccharides on ALP activity were investigated. In vitro analysis of the activity of RIA was carried out using various concentrations of SB and/or taurine. Substrate concentration‐d...

Custard, a sole cornstarch-made weaning food in developing country, was enriched with Bambara groundnut protein isolate (BPI) in order to increase its protein content and reduce the cases of protein energy- malnutrition (PEM) that accounted for average global deaths in children. The pasting and functional properties, proximate and amino acid compos...

Background and objectives : Annona senegalensis root bark is used in the treatment of diarrhea. This study fractionated Annona senegalensis root bark to identify the anti-enteropooling compounds and explore the possible mechanism of action of the compounds Methods : Anti-enteropooling activity of hexane, dichloromethane and aqueous extracts were i...

Hypertension is the most common non-communicable disease, with about 1.28 billion hypertensive people worldwide. It is more prevalent in men than women and more common in the elderly. Hereditary, age, obesity, lifestyle, diet, alcohol, and chronic metabolic diseases are the major risk factors of hypertension. Treating hypertension is a complex proc...

Cigarette smoke (CS) contains toxicants causing pathological derangements. The effects of taurine and/or vitamin E (TAOV) on the lungs of rats exposed to CS were evaluated. Five groups each containing randomly selected five albino male rats were formed. Rats in Group 1 were not exposed to CS. Group 2 was exposed to CS without administration of TAOV...

Background and aim Secretory diarrhea is the most common type of diarrhea. This study aimed at exploring the possible mechanism of antisecretory action of Annona senegalensis stem bark and to identify the bioactive compounds. Experimental procedure The ability of three crude extract; aqueous, dichloromethane and hexane stem bark extracts to inhibi...

Background: Agrowastes like Theobroma cacao (Cocoa) pod husk can be used to prepare bioactive peptides with various bio-functionalities. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate antioxidant and angiotensin converting enzyme I (ACE) inhibitory peptides contained in Theobroma cacao (cocoa) pod husks – an agro-waste. Methods: Protein isolated fro...

Background and Objective: Peptic ulcer disease still remains a burden in under-developed and developing countries. Argemone mexicana is a plant locally used in folk medicine of Nigeria to treat peptic ulcer disease. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the anti-ulcer activity of solvent-partitioned fractions of Argemone mexicana leaves in indo...

Several novel functional peptides have been successfully extracted from plant storage proteins. This study investigated the degree of hydrolysis, peptide yield, amino acid constituents, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alpha amylase inhibitory and in vitro antioxidant activities of cashew (Anarcardium occidentale) nut proteins (CNP) hydrolysate...

Discharge of untreated industrial effluents has been associated with soil contamination. Biochemical alterations in Lumbricus terrestris and remediation capacity of Azadirachta indica tree from industrial effluent discharge locations in Challawa (A and B) and Kura village (control location C) were assessed. Levels of nitrate, phosphate, iron, chlor...

The effects of processing methods on the proximate, antioxidant, and consumer acceptability of tidbits produced from cassava and Benniseed flours were evaluated. Tidbits are snacks primarily made of cassava and cowpea, and we sought to replace the cowpea (the original crop in tidbit production) with Benniseed, due to its high level of protein and l...

Argemone mexicana (A. mexicana) is a plant traditionally used in Nigeria and some African countries to treat peptic ulcer disease. In this study, the ameliorative effect of ethanolic leaf extract of A. mexicana in indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer and its safety were investigated. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard procedures. Ulc...

Bacterial and fungal exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are extracellular metabolites of living organisms (plants, animals, algae, bacteria and fungi) associated with adaptation, survival and functionalities. The EPSs also afford humans multiple value-adding applications across different spheres of endeavors. The variable chemical and biochemical architectu...

Invertases are enzymes that hydrolyze sucrose to produce equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose. They are widely used in various industrial food applications. The aim of this study was to isolate, partially purify, and characterize invertase from Citrullus lanatus rind. Invertase isolated from C. lanatus rind was purified to 46.94 folds with 23....

Diarrhoea is a leading cause of deaths amongst children below five years. Annona senegalensis plant is used traditionally to treat diarrhoea. This study aims at evaluating the antidiarrhoeal potency of the aqueous root and stem bark extracts of Annona senegalensis. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous extracts of the ro...

This study evaluated the purifying effect of the zinc oxide-Chromolaena odorata (ZnO-CO) nanoparticle on water samples collected from Oyun River water. Physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of untreated and treated Oyun river water were determined and their effects on hematological parameters, liver and kidney of rats were also invest...

In recent times, researchers have explored food derived peptides to circumvent the side effects of synthetic drugs. This study therefore examined the amino acid constituents, in vitro antioxidant activities, angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE), α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition kinetics of protein hydrolysate obtained from the seed of Luffa...

Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed protein hydrolysates were investigated for in vitro antioxidant and angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activities. Neem seed proteins were hydrolysed using pepsin, trypsin and Alcalase. The degree of pepsin hydrolysis of neem seed protein was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of trypsin and Alca...

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an established excitotoxic food additive, has been found to induce oxidative stress in all tissues. To examine the protective effects of ivermectin on MSG-induced excitotoxicity, 28 male albino rats were randomized into four groups. Group 1, the control, received 1 ml of oral distilled water, group 2 was administered an...

Lumefantrine and trimethoprim are antimalarial and antibiotic drugs respectively. Even though, therapeutic agents have shown enhanced efficacy upon coordination to metal ion, antimalarial activity of lumefantrine-trimethoprim-copper complex drug has not been reported. This study evaluated the anti-malarial potency and safety of synthesized lumefant...

So far, some prospective metal-based anti-malarial drugs have been developed. The mechanochemical synthesis and characterization of Zn (II) complex with amodiaquine and its anti-malarial efficacy on Solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis and characterization of Zn (II) complex with amodiaquine as well as its anti-malarial efficacy on NK-65 Derivati...

This study was undertaken to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of oral administration of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleiferaflower on stretozotocin-induced diabetic rats at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w. Thirty (30) male experimental albino rats were grouped randomly into six groups: groups A, B, and F are the control, diabetic con...

The antimalarial efficacy and safety of mechanically induced solventlessly synthesized lumefantrine-copper complex were investigated in experimental mice. Parasite level in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice treated with lumefantrine - copper complex (LCC) significantly declined (p < 0.05) at day 3 and was comparable with that of chloroquine-treated...

This study investigated the in vitro antihypertensive, antiradical and hydrogen peroxide-scavenging properties of protein hydrolysates from Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) seed (CSPHs) obtained through enzymatic digestion. Proteins from watermelon seeds were isolated and enzymatically hydrolyzed with non-specific (alcalase), moderately specific (pep...

The antidiabetic, normolipidaemic, antioxidant and safety evaluations of ethanolic extract of Acacia ataxacantha roots (EEAAR) were investigated in streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats, to verify its use in traditional African medicine and as alternative to synthetic normoglycaemic agents in diabetic treatments. Thirty albino rats (Rattus novergi...

The antidiabetic, normolipidaemic, antioxidant and safety evaluations of ethanolic extract of Acacia ataxacantha roots (EEAAR) were investigated in streptozotocin - induced diabetic rats, to verify its use in traditional African medicine and as alternative to synthetic normoglycaemic agents in diabetic treatments. Thirty albino rats (Rattus novergi...

Peroxidase from Eichhornia crassipes leaf was purified 23.58 fold with 18.58% yield by means of (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion exchange and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography. Optimum temperature and substrate-dependent pH optimum for enzyme activity were 40 °C and pH 4.0, 9.0 and 6.0 for 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin)-6-sulfonate (AB...

Proteins from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) seed were isolated using acid-induced precipitation method and then hydrolysed using pepsin, trypsin and alcalase. The hydrolysates were investigated for in vitro antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory properties. The yield of peptic hydrolysis (68.9 ± 1.0%) was significantly higher than of tryptic (41....

Biochemical changes in L. terrestris, physicochemical parameters and heavy metal contents in soil and phytoremediation quotient of Talinum triangulare were investigated. Soil samples, T. triangulare roots and stems and earthworms were obtained in two oil exploration environs (A and B) of Ugberikoko and Oton Village (control; site C) in Delta State...

Tetrachlorometallate salts [AMDH2+][CoCl4]2−1a and [AMDH2+][CdCl4]2−2a (AMDH2+ = amodiaquine dication) were obtained by ball milling of amodiaquine with inorganic salts CoCl2·6H2O and CdCl2·6H2O, respectively, in the absence of solvent. Solution-based synthesis of [AMDH2+][CoCl4]2−1b and [AMDH2+][CdCl4]2−2b were also carried out by reaction of amod...

Investigation of the effect of taurine on the hydrolysis of para-nitrophenylphosphate (p-NPP) by rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), L-phenylalanine inhibition of ALP and the mechanism of ALP activation by taurine as well as its role in endotoxemic injury protection was carried out. Rat intestinal ALP was exposed to taurine, and L-phenylalan...

Spice was produced using blends of Moringa oleifera leaf, ginger and garlic. The sensory, chemical and microbial assessment of Moringa based spice was evaluated. The formulation was grouped into nine blends in ratio 25:75:0, 20:80:0, 15:85:0, 25:0:75, 20:0:80, 15:0:85, 25:37.5:37.5, 20:40:40, 15:42.5:42.5 for Moringa-ginger-garlic respectively. Sen...

Moringa oleifera is a nutrient rich plant that has the potential to combat malnutrition problems in Africa. This study aims to investigate the effect of fortification using Moringa oleifera flower powder on the sensory and proximate attributes of fermented yellow maize and millet blend (Ogi). The formulation was grouped into seven blends in ratio 1...

The present study was carried out to determine the secondary metabolite, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities and safety of ethyl acetate extract of Celosia argentea leaves in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rats. The secondary metabolite screening was done by standard methods while the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract was ev...

Anti-malarial property and toxicity of methanolic extract of leaves of Tithonia diversifolia and Morinda lucida were investigated in mice and rats, respectively. Percentage parasitemia and chemosuppresive effect of the extract on Plasmodium berghei infected mice were used to assess anti-malarial property while toxicity was evaluated by measuring th...

This study assessed the water quality from swamp around Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station of Delta State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from Eku River (Site A, reference site), Erhoike swamp (Site B) and a natural fish pond located within Erhoike environment (Site C). Physico-chemical parameters and some selected heavy metals (Lead, cad...

The study was carried out to investigate whether vitamin E as an antioxidant can reduce or nullified the toxic potential of ivermectin and albendazole combination therapy. Ivermectin (0.4mg/kg body weight) and/or albendazole (15mg/kg body weight) were daily and orally administered to albino rats for 14 days. The effect of oral administration of 30...

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), an established exci-totoxic food additive, has been found to induce oxidative stress in all tissues. To examine the protective effects of ivermectin on MSG-induced excitotoxicity, twenty-eight male albino rats were randomized into group 1, the con-trol, which received 1 ml oral administration of distilled water; group 2,...

This study assessed biotransformation, oxidative stress markers in Clarias gariepinus from swamps around the Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station in Delta State, Nigeria. Clarias gariepinus were collected from three sites (site A - Eku axis of Ethiope River - control site, site B - the swampy environment of Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station an...

This study determines changes in some biochemical parameters in serum and tissues of Clarias gariepinus obtained from fish natural habitat in the oil exploration environs of Kokori-Erhoike in Delta State, Nigeria. Sampling sites include Ethiope River (Eku axis, reference Site A); Erhoike swamp (Site B) and Erhoike fish pond (Site C). However, Sites...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of crankcase oil on the cellular and functional integrity of rat skin. Thirty (30) rats were randomly grouped into six viz groups A–F. Group A (base-line control) received 2 ml of distilled water. 2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 %, and 10.0 % v/v of the crankcase oil were prepared using unused oil as solvent an...

The study was carried out to investigate whether an interaction between albendazole and ivermectin could lead to enhanced central nervous system (CNS) toxicity. Ivermectin (0.4mg/kg body weight (b.w)) and/or albendazole (15mg/kg b.w) were daily and orally administered to albino rats for 14 days. Activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosph...

The study was carried out to investigate effects of administration of aqueous extract of Nauclea latifolia stem on lipid profile and some liver and kidney parameters of rat. Thirty rats were grouped into five. Each group consisting of six rats each. Group 1 served as the control and was administered 2 mL distilled water. The remaining groups were a...

The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial load and evaluate the nutritional content and sensory property of traditional sun dried okra ("orunla" - Yoruba, Nigeria). Samples were purchased from four different markets at different time in South-western Nigeria. Microorganisms present in the samples were analyzed on nutrient agar, potato...