Rostislav Melichar

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• doc.
• Professor (Associate) at Masaryk University

Inverse magnetic fabrics defined by anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility with the longest principal axis perpendicular to bedding were identified in the studied samples of Ordovician sedimentary rocks from the Barrandian area, Czech Republic. These fabrics are related to ankerite fibers in association with cone‐in‐cone structures. To understand th...

The Late Cretaceous orogeny followed by the Eocene collision of the Adriatic with the European plate dissected the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) by a number of well-studied strike-slip fault systems accommodating N-S shortening and E-W stretching. However, the post-Miocene fault activity is poorly constrained due to lack of Neogene faulted sedimen...

Ultralow frequency (ULF) to low frequency (LF) electromagnetic radiation represents one of the most promising effects of brittle rock strain and microcracking that might be potentially helpful for short term earthquake forecasting. In this study the results of a six month monitoring campaign are presented from Obir Cave in the eastern Alps. Direct...

The general SW–NE course of the Variscan orogen in Europe is abruptly bent to the N–S course at its eastern margin, where an oblique convergence occurred. The main suture in this part of the Variscan orogenic belt is called the Moldanubian Thrust, characterized by a dominant dextral strike-slip kinematics and a minor thrust component. The deep leve...

Composite volcanic edifices are particularly prone to large-scale failures—these often result from the acceleration of preexisting deep-seated gravitational slope deformations. Consequently, a complete understanding of the kinematic behaviour of such slope deformations would represent an important step towards mitigating against human casualties or...

Ancient coseismic landslides indicate prehistoric earthquakes and may also be a measure of their intensity. Their identification in the landscape remains, however, challenging. We used field geologic observations of source areas of recent rainfall-induced and earthquake-induced landslides to define a morphometric index that can distinguish between...

Stress variations in the Earth's crust need to be understood in both the spatial and temporal domains to address a number of pressing societal issues. In this paper, precise three dimensional records of fault kinematic behaviour obtained by mechanical extensometers are used to investigate changes in stress states along major faults in the Eastern A...

Reconstruction of the Upper Cambrian Křivoklát-Rokycany Volcanic Complex was made using anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS). The correlation of AMS with visible structures at a few sites showed that the most important and reliable information was the direction of magnetic lineation K1 that determines the direction of a lava flow. The analys...

Spectacular geomorphic evidence of recent tectonic activity and three potentially strong prehistoric earthquakes were discovered in Obir Caves in the Karawanken Mountains. This paper presents active fault structures, geomorphic features, and the age constraints attributed to particular seismotectonic events. The 1976 Mw 6.7 Friuli earthquake about...

The article presents geomorphological and structural evidences of post-thrust limestone brittle deformation in the area of Pavlov Hills on the westernmost margin of the Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic. Airborne LiDAR-derived digital terrain model with 1 m resolution was used for this analysis, as well as aerial photographs and fieldwork....

Landforms associated with active-fault surface ruptures are usually less persistent because they often develop in soil or soft sediments and might frequently be overprinted or misinterpreted by similar gravitational mass movement structures. Thanks to available high-resolution airborne Lidar DTM, however, we were able to detect a recently active po...

Thrust belts, and in particular accretion wedges, are usually studied in terms of their thrust structure and past evolution during their culminating orogenesis, which has greatly advanced their understanding. However, young post-thrust tectonics is often neglected due to significantly less influence on the geometry of the structure of accretion wed...

Palaeostress analysis based on multiple inversion of fault-slip data in 9-dimensional space in the area of the SE margin of the Elbe Fault Zone (E part of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, the Czech Republic) reflects five palaeostress phases. Formation of syntectonic calcite veins mostly took place at 500–1000 m depth. Homogenisation temperature of f...

Tectonic development of the Variscan belt in Central Europe included, besides important compression, also an extensional phase related to gravitational collapse, which governed the origin of many sedimentary basins and magmatic bodies. One of these bodies is the Benešov pluton, featuring primary magmatic fabrics as well as deformational fabrics, re...

The role of tectonic horizontal stresses in activating deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSD) has rarely been studied. We applied a new numerical technique for determining the present-day stress states within a large DSGSD, situated near the Periadriatic Line fault (PAL) in the Eastern Alps. The stress states were calculated from thre...

Field guide to magmatic and tectonic phenomena of the southeastern margin of the Bohemian Massif

The Neogene to Quaternary lateral extrusion of the Eastern Alps towards the Pannonian Basin is accommodated by a system of strike-slip faults. Despite decades-lasting GPS observations, no information on contemporary kinematic behaviour of these faults has been available. Therefore, we had monitored subsidiary and/or conjugated faults associated to...

Devonské sedimentární horniny tektonicky začleněné do brněnského masivu, východní okraj Českého masivu Devonská klastika severního okolí Brna jsou součástí sj. orientované zóny Babího lomu, která probíhá středem brněnského masivu. I když devon tvoří zdánlivě samostatný relikt, byly na jižním svahu kopce Strážná (369 m n. m.) nalezeny klíčové inform...

A novel numerical approach enables determining contemporary stress states at a single fault near the ground surface using three dimensional fault displacement data, i.e. displacements that include movement component perpendicular to the fault surface. This approach is restricted to specific near-surface conditions and is based on three assumptions:...

This study evaluates the geothermal history of Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks from the easternmost part of the Variscan external zone in the NE Czech Republic. The objective was to investigate the geothermal history of pre-Variscan Palaeozoic carbonates in the study area, and to assess its relationship with that of the overlying Variscan flysch. In t...

Most rocks in nature are affected by a certain degree of anisotropy. They contain cracks mostly with certain distributions. Therefore their mechanical behaviour is dependent on the direction of the strength distribution, which is different in each direction. We can distinguish the directions in which the rock is relatively firm and conversely the d...

V dané lokalitě na Mikulovsku byla rozpoznána deformační zóna s hustou sítí malých zlomů v neogením jílu v Karpatské předhlubni. Zlomy jsou nápadné od S-J, se směrem SZ-JV a směrem sklonu V-SV. Byly nalezeny dva systémy rýhování na zlomových plochách. Starší z nich se ponořilo pod střední úhly, zatímco mladší je téměř subhorizontální. Odpovídající...

Pískovna, ve které probíhal výzkum je situovaná jihozápadně od obce Dolní Lhota, která leží severně od města Brno. Pískovna odkrývá ve svoji jihozápadní části tektonický kontakt křídových sedimentů blanenského prolomu a brněnského masivu, který postupně zarůstá, takže v současnosti je jedna z posledních šancí pro studium tohoto tektonického zlomu....

Quarzite as a metasedimentary rock is usually figured in prolongated bands in geological maps. But muscovite quartzite from Krkonoše-Jizera Crystalline Unit in SE surrounding of Příchovice village forms irregular shapes in detailed geological maps (e.g., Mrázová – Štěpánek 2007, see Fig. 1), which do not allow simple interpretation of the geometry...

Stress is a fundamental factor controlling deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSD) and knowledge of the internal stresses is essential for a proper understanding of their evolution and activity. Furthermore, the role of contemporary regional tectonic stresses on the activation of DSGSDs has rarely been studied. We have developed a new...

Meso-scale structures from gravitational slope deformation observed in landslides and deep-seated gravitational slope failures are very similar to those of endogenous ones. Therefore we applied palaeostress analysis of fault-slip data for reconstructing the stress field of an active mudslide in Pechgraben, Austria. This complex compound landslide h...

The study focuses on the flexural down-warping of oceanic crust related to the Early Cretaceous hotspot volcanic chain in offshore East India, drawing from robust reflection seismic coverage of the 85°E Ridge and associated moats and arches. Seismic data image three moat-filling units including the basal pelagic, landslide and ponded units, represe...

The goal of this work was to apply texture x-ray diffraction analysis to study naturally strained rocks, in which the quantification of main preferred orientation cannot be conducted by the optical methods. This method has mainly been developed for metallography and its application in geology has been very limited so far. Samples of the fine-graine...

1-Natuhistorisches Museum Wien, Rakousko, ivo.baron@nhm-wien.ac.at 2-Unigeo, Ostrava 3-Kolej Consult & Servis, Brno 4-Masarykova univerzita, Brno Vrch Kopce u Lidečka je znám svou antiklinální stavbou, starověkým / pravěkým hradiskem, rozsedlinovými jeskyněmi a komplexem svahových deformací, zejména nedatovaného hlubokého kerného sesuvu na severníc...

This paper describes Orientation Analysis Tools (OATools), a new add-in, which has been developed for ArcGIS software (ESRI) to allow the spatial analysis of structural data. These tools bring a complex approach to structural data analysis that highlights the spatial aspect of oriented data. In this paper we introduce the functionality of this add-...

Abstrakt An anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and temperature dependence on magnetic susceptibility were used to reveal an evolution history along the contact of the Metabasite and Diorite zones of Brno massif north of Brno-Řečkovice. The analysis of temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility indicated that magnetic properties of all roc...

A new approach for paleostress analysis, using the 9-dimensional space fault-slip inversion method, was performed in the southeastern flank of the Jordan-Dead Sea Fault. Five major tectonic episodes with different kinematics were successfully detected from the inversion of a new fault-slip data, which thereby caused reactivation of inherited crusta...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate control of orientation of foliations and joints on the direction of valley axes in the Stříbrné Hory area in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in central part of the Czech Republic. This area is predominantly built by metamorphic rocks. It is situated near the Přibyslav deep-seated fault. The data concerning o...

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) (2008) 97:497–518 The Brunovistulian terrane represents a microcontinent of enigmatic Proterozoic provenance that was located at the southern margin of Baltica in the early Paleozoic. During the Variscan orogeny, it represented the lower plate at the southern margin of Laurussia, involved in the collision with the Arm...

Abstrakt Neogene clays in Brno area are formations belonging to the Carpathian Foredeep Basin. They form common foundation soil in this strongly urbanized area. Due to their specific mechanical characteristics and a large spreaded area in Brno a detailed study of the geomechanical properties of Neogene clays has practical importance for engineerin...

Uranium deposits, between which gas storage are being designed, the Rožna deposit and Olsi deposit, are situated on the east edge of the Stražek Moldanubicum in Bohemian Masiff. Based on structural analysis it was possible to carry out the first rough prediction of potential weak zones in the rock mass. The structural analysis was also one of the s...

The Palaeozoic sedimentary sequence of the Prague synform (Ordovician/Devonian) in the centre of the Bohemian massif underwent Variscan deformation and thermal overprint events. Variscan veins widespread throughout the sedimentary strata have precipitated from syntectonic aqueous and hydrocarbon-rich fluids. Homogenization temperatures of aqueous i...

In Repechy trough (site Stínava), there was located outcrop of the Silurian graptolitic shale by emanometric geophysical method. Small tectonic slice of the Silurian rocks with outropping area approximately 10 x 20 m was incorporated into the Devonian shales. The rocks are highly strained and foliated. The most important information was obtained fr...

Diabase dikes in the vicinity of the Clay Fault near Pičín village (Příbram district, Czech Republic) have been geophysically prospected in autumn 2009. The Clay Fault is a significant tectonic structure striking in NE-SW direction with verified length of 30 km. This fault separates Cambrian sediments in SE and Neoproterozoic sediments in NW. The s...

A giant rockslide occurred on the southern side of an Upper Tertiary shield volcano in central Nicaragua in the Holocene. The failure caused tectonic-like deformation of rock masses and changed the local stress regime. The lower, compressional part of the rockslide produced a stress field with the axis of maximum stress (σ 1) parallel to the displa...

The presence of two different coeval pre-flysch carbonate facies juxtaposed in numerous profiles in the southern part of the Moravian Karst proves that the Variscan nappe tectonics affected the pre-flysch basement of the main Culmian flysch nappes. Two main thrust events were recognized: (1) a ‘thin-skinned’ event, during which two sedimentary faci...

The Pavlov Hills are formed by separated limestone blocks previously identified as klippen. A new flat-ramp-flat thrust model of the Pavlov Hills is formulated in this paper. The main tectonic detachment is located at the base of the limestone plate and other subsidiary detachments are located within the nodular limestone horizon and also at the ba...

The stratigraphic separation diagram (SSD) is an often neglected tool of fault analysis, which assists with the interpretation of both the fault-surface geometry and the mechanism of faulting. As the SSD needs to evaluate displacement or separation along the fault, this particular method can be used only in areas with well-documented stratigraphic...

Seven granitoid gneisses from the contact zone between the eastern margin of theVariscan belt and the Brunian microcontinent in SWPoland have been dated by ion-microprobe and 207Pb/206Pb single zircon evaporation methods. The zircons define two age groups for the gneiss protoliths: (1) lateNeoproterozoic c. 576–560 Maand (2) early Palaeozoic c. 488...

An anomalous event of Ukrainian quartz-dominated dust deposited in the Czech Republic and adjacent countries on 24 March 2007 was studied with special emphasis on sedimentology, mineralogy and geochemistry. The dust deposition combined a typical eolian depositional mode with one mediated by dirty rain or drizzle. The main stage of sediment depositi...

The Brunovistulian terrane represents a microcontinent of enigmatic Proterozoic provenance that was located at the southern margin of Baltica in the early Paleozoic. During the Variscan orogeny, it represented the lower plate at the southern margin of Laurussia, involved in the collision with the Armorican terrane assemblage. In this respect, it re...

Variscan syntectonic hydrothermal veins of the Prague Synform are important traces of small-scale fluid migration in Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks a process induced by late Variscan tectogenesis. Two main structural types of Variscan syntectonic calcite veins were recognised during fieldwork. Veins of Type I have an irregular or sigmoidal shap...

The progressive deformation recorded in the magnetic fabric of sedimentary rocks was studied in the SE Rhenohercynian Zone (RHZ), eastern margin of the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic. Almost 800 oriented samples of the Lower Carboniferous mudstones and graywackes were collected from the SSE part of the Czech RHZ, so-called the Drahany Upland. The...

Distinct facies contrasts, the thrust-and-fold tectonic style, Variscan clockwise orogenic bending and an outward decreasing thermal maturity are typical features of Devonian to Lower Carboniferous sediments comprising unmetamorphosed Variscan tectonic units of the southern Moravo-Silesian zone. Boundaries between facies domains and the position of...

The Pavlov Hills are situated in the NW margin of the outer units of the Carpathian Flysh belt. The structure of Pavlov Hills (Klippen Belt) is a result of thrusting of Carpathian acretionary wedge. The hills are formed by Jurassic to Cretaceous preflysh sediments incorporated into nape slices of Carpathian Flysh Belt. In the Jurassic the preflysch...

Deep-seated mass movements currently comprise one of the main morphogenetic processes in the Flysch Belt of the Western Carpathians of Central Europe. These mass movements result in a large spectrum of slope failures, depending on the type of movement and the nature of the bedrock. This paper presents the results of a detailed survey and reconstruc...

Pressure-driven closing of the pores in the rock sample results in changes of its effective physical properties. We use 3-D ultrasonic pulse-transmission method to characterize the relationships between the spatial distribution of microcracks and elastic anisotropy of the rock. With the use of apparatus developed in Geophysical Institute, Prague, t...

The metamorphosed carbonate bodies structurally embedded in the East and South Krkonoše Complexes (ESKC — N Bohemian Massif, Krkonoše Mountains, Czech Republic) have principally two types of sedimentary pre-cursors. The first precursor corresponds to Early Cambrian dolomitized oolites and microbialites (Dolní Albeøice) and provides practically the...

There are close similarities between the Brunovistulian Terrane and the Istanbul Zone both in the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. The geological structure, lithology and geochronology of the Cadomian Brunovistulicum show broad fit with the crystalline basement of the Istanbul Zone. Their Gondwana or Baltica affinity is still poorly constrained and re...

Anglické resumé

There are close similarities between the Brunovistulian Terrane and the Istanbul Zone both in the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. The geological structure, lithology and geochronology of the Cadomian Brunovistulicum show a broad fit with the crystalline basement of the Istanbul Zone. Their Gondwana or Baltica affinity is still poorly constrained and...

There are close similarities between the Brunovistulian Terrane and the Istanbul Zone both in the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. The geological structure, lithology and geochronology of the Cadomian Brunovistulicum show a broad fit with the crystalline basement of the Istanbul Zone. Their Gondwana or Baltica affinity is still poorly constrained and...

Extremely complicated evolution of the western margin of the Brno batholith resulted in a poor preservation of the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous in several fragments of a different stratigraphic range and deformational degree. The research of geological development has shown that sedimentological interpretations of such tectonically disturbed ca...

This study deals with the calcite mylonites of the Brunovistulian sedimentary cover developed in the frontal thrust area of the Moravian nappe units. The inhomogeneous structure of sedimentary protoliths allowed the analysis of the contrasting behaviour of calcite in matrix and porphyroclasts and the interpretation of microfabric evolution during d...

The Visean carbonates of the Statte-Flémalle Anticline, belonging to the Variscan front complex (Belgium), are characterized by a complex fracture system, which developed synkinematically with regard to the Variscan folding. The synkinematic veins are filled with non-ferroan calcites. An orientation analysis shows the existence of different fractur...

The book discusses the structural geology basics in 13 chapters

Lit. - Res. čes Příspěvky ze semináře "Vulkanizmus v geologickém vývoji Moravy a Slezska", Olomouc, 20. září 1994

signal it is impossible to confirm the presence of fullerenes from these results. Fullerene C60 has not been identified in the toluene extract of moldavite from Habří, Czech Republic. The presence of fullerenes C60 and C70 in the extract of suevite from Otting locality in the Ries impact crater, Germany, could not be con- firmed or disproved. Furth...

The Ernstbrunn Limestone is suitable for the study of the mechanics of brittle deformation. It represents the top member of the carbonate facies of the Klippen Belt (Eliáš 1961, Matějka et al. 1961) of the Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) to Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian) age (Eliáš 1992). It is crosscut by a set of faults of mainly W-E to SW-NE directio...

The tectonic development of the northern part of Moravian Karst can be divided into three phases at least. The oldest phase is documented by three ductile shear zones (west of Vavinec village, south of Sloup village and at the eastern margin of the Mora vian Karst). The younger tectonic phase is marked by kink bands and the last phase led to origin...

The calcite mylonites in the Brunovistulian sedimentary cover developed in frontal thrust area of Moravian nappe units were examined. The inhomogeneous composition of sedimentary protoliths allowed the analysis of the contrasting behavior of matrix and clasts and the interpretation of microfabric evolution during deformation under low temperature c...

Sedimentary structures were examined in thin sections. While in the Bakony exposure clasts of various size and origin were found, the appearance of these minor clasts was subordinate in the Pilis thin sections. No clear graded bedding was found, but clasts were organised in thinner-thicker uneven beds. In order to understand the 3D position of the...

Limestone bodies of the eastern border of the Boskovice Furrow were investigated within the project "Stratigraphic, facial and tec-tonic research of localities of limestones of western Brunovistu-lian cover" (GAČR grant No. 205/98/0751). In this contribution the most important preliminary results of meso-and microstruc-tural analysis and stratigrap...

This work is focused on paleostress analysis of fault system from the Naranco Mt. The Naranco Mt. is situated north of Oviedo, the capital of province Asturias (northern Spain). Data were obtained from the southern slope of the Naranco Mt. The orientation of faults and striation on faults surface were measured separately by Clar compass. The data w...

The Clay and the Závist faults were described as two different structures. Both these faults are steeply dipping and striking in SW–NE direction. As both faults have reverse dip--slip component but opposite dip direction, it seemed evident that they are really two different faults. The Clay fault was recognized in mines of the Příbram and Bohutín o...

The locality under study is situated about 1 km NE of Adamov in the first meander of the Køtinský Brook. There are Devonian basal clastics (red-brown and yellowish arkose) and limestones (medium grey, micritic) set within granodiorites of the Brno Massif, which are not conjoined with the main mass of Devo-nian rocks of the Moravian Karst. The rocks...