Rosario Sánchez

• PhD in Economics
• Professor (Associate) at University of Valencia

Innovation is a general measure of the success of a company and shows a positive relationship with several key factors such as collaboration with universities and technology centers or belonging to medium- and high-tech sectors. While many studies have found that gender diversity in company management teams has a positive influence on companies’ ec...

Este artículo analiza la desigualdad de género en el trabajo doméstico en España. Sigue siendo un debate abierto si el reparto del trabajo doméstico y el trabajo de mercado entre esposos y esposas está condicionado únicamente por la racionalidad económica o si existen otros factores relacionados con la identidad de género en la raíz de la desiguald...

This paper analyses the technical efficiency of manufacturing firms located in different regions of Spain for the period 2004-2009. Spanish manufacturing firms were grouped using cluster methods. Firms located in north-eastern regions such as Catalonia or the Basque Country show higher levels of R&D, pay higher wages, and are larger than firms loca...

Using the stochastic frontier method, technical inefficiency values are obtained for each company, with these values, the pattern of associations is built. The information analysis is carried out using a strategy based on multivariate methods of interdependence. A factorial analysis of multiple correspondences and a cluster analysis were used. The...

Las "brechas de género", objeto principal del libro, se entienden como aquellos espacios de desigualdad entre mujeres y hombres que habría que equilibrar en la dirección de una mayor "justicia de género". Se estudian en tres países: España, Noruega e Islandia. Se presenta la brecha salarial de género como la distancia que hay entre los salarios de...

The stochastic frontier technique is used in this paper to measure the differences that arise between the potential wage, the one that should be obtained for an individual with particular socioeconomic characteristics given his/her investment in human capital, and the wage that actually s/he has in the labor market. The data set comes from the Euro...

Work incentives are closely related to production performance. This paper presents evidence that the value added of a fi rm increases when relative labour wage rises, or the level of unemployment increases. Both circumstances imply evidence in favour of the effi ciency wage model. This theory is consistent with the views of many managers and person...

This paper analyses the relationship between exports, innovative activities and size and their effect over firms’ technical efficiency and then over their productivity. The analysis takes, also, into account other variables that could affect productivity as industrial sector, or firms’ financial conditions. We use a micro panel data set of Spanish...

The book Design a Pattern of Sustainable Growth. Innovation, Education, Energy and Environment edited by Daniele Schilirò is conceived with the aim of encouraging the exchange of new ideas concerning economic growth and to offer theoretical and empirical analysis, but also policy proposals for a new pattern of sustainable growth based on four key d...

Size is one of the factors that condition the managerial organization of the firms and their efficiency and productivity. Moreover size has been found a highly significant variable in explaining differences in firm’s innovative activities and the returns of R&D expenditures, and it is a well-established connection between productivity and innovativ...

Work incentives are closely related to production performance. This paper presents evidence that the value added of a firm increases when relative labor costs rise, or the level of unemployment increases. Both circumstances imply evidence in favor of the efficiency wage model. This theory is consistent with the views of many managers and personal a...

This paper analyses whether marital status has a significant effect on wages and whether it is a determinant of the gender gap. We use the stochastic frontier approach to explain the differences between the potential and the observed wage that an individual could obtain, given his or her human capital endowment. We construct a balanced panel of wag...

The main purpose of this paper is to point out the extraordinary work developed by Luis Toharia in his methodological contributions and statistical data. This is very useful, among other things, for remarking the bias generated by the definition of basic variables and how they influence the perception of women’s behavior in the labor market. Withou...

In this work evidence was found that wage differentials are in favour of those workers who have a home computer. In order to achieve these results the frontier stochastic method and the Kernel filter for analising errors was used. The research is based on the data provided by the survey of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP). Taking this...

This paper analyses the efficiency of higher education in equalizing the feasible wages obtained for men and women in the labour market. To do that, we estimate two stochastic frontiers. The first one measures the effect of higher education inside the group of men and women for six European countries. The results indicate that in Denmark, France an...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence concerning wage differentials and the existence of gender pay discrimination in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. Design/methodology/approach The authors used the stochastic frontier approach as an alternative method to measure the relevance of gender discrimination. This...

In this article we analyse the determinants of temporary employment through a balanced panel of workers from 1995 to 2000. First, we estimate a panel with 1267 individuals with ages ranging from 16 to 65 years. We obtain that the probability of having a temporary contract increases for people younger than 46 years old. Secondly, we estimate separat...

This paper analyses the performance of the small and medium-sized manufacturing firms during the period 1995–2001, focusing on the degree of technical inefficiency and its determinants. We use a micro panel data set to simultaneously estimate a stochastic frontier production function and the inefficiency determinants using an unbalanced panel of ma...

This paper presents evidence that firm-level productivity increases when the relative wage rises, or the level of unemployment rises. Both facts are consistent with the efficiency wage model. Moreover, there is support for the idea that an increase in the sector's wage with respect to the previous year also increases productivity. We obtain the emp...

This paper provides an explanation for the existence of gender discrimination in the labour market focusing on the intergenerational transmission of preferences related to the attitude of women towards jobs and family. Changes in women's preferences over generations depend on the socialization efforts of their parents which in turn are influenced b...

This paper provides an explanation for the existence of gender discrimination in the labour market focusing on the intergenerational transmission of preferences related to the attitude of women towards jobs and family. Changes in women's preferences over generations depend on the socialization efforts of their parents which in turn are influenced b...

The objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of unpaid time in caring activities, with a special emphasis on the gender dimension. Data from the Household Panel Survey for Spain is used to estimate an ordered probit model for the hours interval in care of children and adult people in need of care. The results show that gender is o...

Analyses how the high proportion of temporary employment affects the firm's technical efficiency. Uses the stochastic frontier approach to measure the technical efficiency of the Spanish manufacturing firms during the period 1990-2001. A negative relation between technical efficiency and the proportion of temporary jobs has been obtained. Also, sho...

This paper focuses on the factors contributing to gender inequality in the distribution of paid work and unpaid work in homes. The European Union Household Panel for Spain is used to empirically test the relative impact of such factors and their contribution to gender inequality. Three indicators are considered: intra-household inequality in employ...

En: Revista de educación (Madrid) Madrid 2003, n. 330, enero-abril ; p. 137-155 Se analiza si las características personales, familiares y el momento del ciclo económico influyen de la misma forma en el destino de los jóvenes cuando salen de diferentes zonas del sistema educativo. A partir de los datos longitudinales de la EPA se estiman modelos lo...

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de señalización en el mercado de trabajo en el que se relajan dos supuestos implícitos en el modelo original de Spence. Se considera que los individuos se distinguen tanto por su capacidad innata como por su nivel de renta y, por otra parte, se supone que existen dos tipos de puestos de trabajo con distinta pro...

This paper presents a matching model with workers and jobs in a labour market with private information. Workers invest in education to signal their ability to obtain higher wages and better jobs. Firms o¿er both a wage and a job allocation in the company¿s hierarchy. Workers competition, to get the best job, leads to di¿erences in the education lev...

In this paper we obtain empirical evidence about the effect of female and male unemployment on household demand of a selection of goods and services. We analyse the percentage of the family income expenditure on a particular group of goods concerning education, domestic services, leisure goods, hotels etc. The impact of several determinants on each...

The primary focus of this paper is on efficiency wages and their testable implications. In particular the nature of the relationship between efficiency wages, productivity and the make up of the labour force is analysed, modelled and subjected to an empirical test. This theory is consistent with the views of many managers and personal administrator...

Spain has one of the highest rates of unemployment among OECD countries. Some explanations for this stress the importance of unemployment duration compared with entry rates to the unemployment pool. Long-term unemployment rates are particularly high among women in Spain. The object of this paper is to investigate the determinants of unemployment du...

The aim of this paper is to study which are the main determinants of the transition rate probability of leaving the education system and enter into different labour market states. Here, we made an analysis of several controversial terminological aspects of the concepts used to define the more specific variables of the inquire (The Continuous Spanis...

Spain is one of the southern countries where the percentage of women working part-time is relatively low in comparison to other European countries, together with a low female activity rate. Some important obstacles to increasing female activity rates have already been removed, as younger cohorts of women show a more permanent attachment to the labo...

RESUMEN Este trabajo presenta evidencia empírica a favor de la existencia de salarios de eficiencia. La productividad del sector crece, o bien cuando se incrementa el salario relativo, o cuando aumenta el nivel de desempleo. Estableciéndose, que el valor añadido depende no sola-mente de la tasa de desempleo actual, sino que también depende de la qu...

This paper presents evidence that sector productivity level increases when either relative wage or the level of unemployment rises. It can be established that value added depends not only on present unemployment rate, but also on the level of unemployment of the previous year. Both facts are consistent with the efficiency wage model. Moreover there...

There is evidence in Spain that a temporary worker receives a lower wage than he would receive in case he was hiring with a permanent contract. Using the Stochastic Frontier Approach we estimate a wage equation and the "wage inefficiency" determinants and obtain that these wages differentials remain after controlling for human capital variables and...