Rosanna Caramiello

• University of Turin

The present paper summarizes the new results of the “Bàsura revisited” interdisciplinary research project. Revision of paleontological data on Ursus spelaeus occupation of the cave and new data coming from a test excavation made in the “Sala dei Misteri” are here presented together with the preliminary results of radiometric dates performed on bear...

The lakeshore site of La Marmotta is one of the most important Early Neolithic sites of Mediterranean Europe. The site is famous for the exceptional preservation of organic materials, including numerous wooden artefacts related to navigation, agriculture, textile production, and basketry. This article presents interdisciplinary research on three of...

Lycopus is a widespread herbaceous plant, currently part of European flora. Fossil remains of fruits (nutlets or mericarps) attributed to this genus are frequently found in European archaeological and palaeontological sites, being easily preserved in sedimentary deposits. In a worldwide context, the oldest fossils are from the early Oligocene (ca....

The chapter summarizes the new results of the Bàsura Revisited Interdisciplinary Research Project. The integrated interpretation of recent archaeological data and palaeosurface laser scans, along with geoarchaeological, sedimentological, geochemical and archaeobotanical analyses, geometric morphometrics and digital photogrammetry, enabled us to rec...

The article presents the results of a multi-proxy study investigating an alluvial deposit located in the coastal plain of Genoa (Liguria, Northwest Italy). A very deep core was sampled from 15 to 25 m below ground level to analyse sedimentological properties, pollen assemblages, non-pollen palynomorphs, plant macrofossils and micro-charcoal. The de...

List of new NPP types, their possible biological identification, equivalencies with previously published types and references.

The footprints of human and animal trackmakers, which around 12,000 years B.P. attended the Cave of Básura (Toirano, Lig-uria, Northern Italy), were studied through morpho-classificatory and morphometric approaches. First results indicate at least three different human producers, two youths and the third of tender age, bears and wolves (or dogs). A...

Excavations conducted in 2012 at the Arene Candide Cave (Liguria, northwestern Italy) revealed a detailed stratigraphic sequence in the Impresso-Cardial Complex layers. Techno-typological studies of pottery, including re tting of sherds and the analysis of their stratigraphic distribution, allowed for the recognition of at least three di erent chro...

The systematic examination of the VI and early V millennium BCE pottery from the Arene Candide Cave (Finale Ligure, Western Liguria) revealed several charred macroremains embedded in the paste, as well as imprints of a wide range of botanical remains. The analysis was conducted in stereomicroscopy (10–750 ×) on charred vegetal remains that were eit...

Plant impressions and cereal remains in Neolithic pottery from the Arene Candide Cave (Finale Ligure, Italy)

Aerobiological data can be used as indirect but reliable measures of flowering phenology to analyze the response of plant species to ongoing climate changes. The aims of this study are to evaluate the performance of several phenological models for predicting the pollen start of season (PSS) in seven spring-flowering trees (Alnus glutinosa, Acer neg...

Over the last millennia, the land between the Alps and the Mediterranean sea, characterized by extraordinary habitat diversity, has seen an outstanding cross-cultural development. They cover a large time scale, from the prehistoric through the protohistoric Iron Age, right up to the historical and modern times, and a variety of contexts that make t...

The results of an analysis on plant remains (fruit, seeds, pollen and wood) found in sediments in a Roman well in Vada Sabatia (Vado Ligure, Liguria, Italy), dated between the first and fourth centuries AD are presented. The remains are well preserved and constitute an exceptional record of the Ligurian area. Five layers have been recognised: three...

Seventy-seven modern pollen samples from various elevations (350-2680 m a.s.l.) in two different areas of the north-western Alps (the Aosta Valley, Italy and the Taillefer Massif, France) were statistically analyzed to derive correlations between pollen assemblages, elevation and temperature at the sampled points. Numerical classifications were per...

In this work we report the results of some quality control tests performed on laboratory procedures referring to aerobiological monitoring activities between 2005 and 2007. In every test, the results of each operator have been compared with the scores of a group of experts. For quality evaluation, we have used accuracy and precision to define the p...

Study of the modern pollen rain and comparison of two pollen sequences covering the Late-Glacial and Holocene periods from two sites in the Subalpine belt (Laghi dell'Orgials, 2,130 m, S-W exposition and Lago delle Fate, 2,240 m, E exposition), one on each side of the St. Anna di Vinadio Valley (Italian Maritime Alps), enabled us to place the veget...

The high topographic complexity of the Alpine region is the origin of important climate differences that characterise the different areas of the Alps. These differences might have had a strong influence on vegetation and on migrations of human populations in the past. Based on an improved database containing about 3000 modern pollen samples, the st...

Cette étude vise à reconstruire les variations des zones de végétation dans la vallée Ellero (Alpes Maritimes, Italie) depuis le Tardiglaciaire. Cette étude est basée sur l'analyse des pourcentages des taxons polliniques dominants (Pinus, Abies, Fagus, Quercus feuillus, Artemisia, Poaceae) dans des carottes de sédiment de 3 tourbières de différente...

There is evidence of a significant increase in air temperature in the northern hemisphere over recent decades, with consequent changes for anemophilous pollen. In this work we present the effects of climatic change on Platanus spp. pollination in different areas of Italy and Spain, characterized by different climates. In particular, the historical...

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L'obiettivo del presente lavoro è quello di esporre i risultati ottenuti in seguito all'applicazione del modello fenologico, proposto da Chuine (2000), alle specie arboree autoctone del Parco fluviale del Po e considera in particolare i fabbisogni termici per il superamento della dormienza e per il germogliamento. Il modello è stato applicato sulle...

The archaeological site we studied is part of an early Iron Age hill fort (8th/7th cent.b.c.), located 800m from the coast on the top of a hill named MonteTrabocchetto. This paper concerns an excavation, called saggio O, which disclosed a very varied stratigraphy characterised by highly anthropogenic layers and by a pit, presumably used as a silo f...

The pollen analysis of a sediment core from a peat bog (Rifugio Mondovi) at the mountain belt (1760 m) in the Ellero Valley (Italian Maritime Alps) shows the postglacial vegetation history. The sequence starts at 12,000 BP during a peak of pine pollen; this first phase shows a low representation of birch and the presence of Tilia. Younger Dryas is...

The pollen analysis of a sediment core from a peat bog (Rifugio Mondovı̀) at the mountain belt (1760 m) in the Ellero Valley (Italian Maritime Alps) shows the postglacial vegetation history. The sequence starts at 12000 BP during a peak of pine pollen; this first phase shows a low representation of birch and the presence of Tilia. Younger Dryas is...

The oil chemical composition was studied in several populations of Juniperus communis, J. sibirica (J. nana sensu Pignatti) and J. intermedia growing spontaneously in the northwestern Italian Alps. The oil of J. communis was characterized by high percentages of sabinene (32% to 47%) and low values of α-pinene (9% to 22%), whereas J. sibirica showed...

Essential oils were isolated from Artemisia abrotanum L., A. absinthium L., A. alba Turra, A. annua, L., A. campestris L. ssp. campestris, A. campestris L. ssp. borealis (Pallas) H. M. Hall et Clements, A. chamaemelifolia Vill., A. genipi Weber, A. glacialis L., A. petrosa Baumg. ssp. eriantha Ten., A. umbelliformis Lam., A. vallesiaca All., A. ver...

A quantitative and qualitative study was made of the pollination patterns of 14 taxa of special significance for the atmosphere of Turin (northern Italy). Particular attention was paid to the years 1989, 1990 and 1991, since there were marked climatic abnormalities during this period, especially in the form of an increase in the mean temperature fo...

Riassunto In accordo con il programma Flora Palinologica Italiana, Sezione Aeropalinologica viene presentata la scheda morfopalinologica diJunglans regiaL. (noce) relativa a polline fresco ed acetolizzato.

Essential oils were isolated from several Lavandula hybrids growing spontaneously in the north-west Italian Alps. GC analyses were carried out to determine the percentage composition of the oils. The data obtained were statistically processed in order to partition the natural hybrids according to their oil composition. The results showed the presen...

Summary The morphopalynological card ofSequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Endl. is a new contribution to the comprehensive study on pollen of ornamental Pinophyta in Turin. Fresh and acetolysed grains from two stations are examined, and for all parameters no significative differences were observed in relation to the collection site.

Viene proposta la scheda morfopalinologica diCalocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin come ulteriore contributo ad un pi ampio studio sui pollini di Pinophyta ornamentali. Sono stati esaminati granuli freschi ed acetolizzati provenienti da tre stazioni e non sono state rilevate significative differenze morfometriche nei campioni di diversa provenienza.T...

La presente raccolta bibliografica di argomento palinologico consta di 704 voci relative a lavori pubblicati fra il 1987 e il 1991 da ricercatori italiani e stranieri. Le pubblicazioni sono elencate in ordine alfabetico e cronologico per autore, siglate secondo la materia trattata e numerate progressivamente; a queste seguono gli indici analitici p...

Four samplings of the Turin atmosphere were carried out on the roof of a hospital, 14 m above ground level. Two types of volumetric sampler placed close together were used to collect a set amount of air over the surface of solid culture media. Minimum and maximum CFU peaks varied from 123 to 386 m−3 air. Seventy-seven species were isolated, mostly...

The morphopalynological cards ofThuja orientalis L. and ofCryptomeria japonica (L. fil.) D. Don were illustrated as part of a more comprehensive study on ornamental Pinophyta. Pollens from the original area of the two species were also compared with grains coming from plants cultivated in Italy. In the case ofCryptomeria japonica (L. fil.) D. Don D...

The current situation of parkland in Turin metropolitan area is described. Recently (1979–81) a large area (18 hectars) was turned into a Park named Colonnetti. A project of total re-organisation of the area is proposed. In particular, from the botanical point of view, we suggest the use of non allergenic plants to reduce the allergenic airborne po...

In a series of studies on exotic ornamental Pinophyta, palynological cards ofChamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murray) Parlatore (S 227) andCupressus arizonica Green (S 228) are proposed for fresh and acetolyzed pollens.Nell'ambito di uno studio sulle Pinophyta esotiche ornamentali vengono presentate le schede palinologiche diChamaecyparis lawsoniana (A...

Plants of the Cupressaceae family are relatively uncommon in Piedmont: among the spontaneous family entities Juniperus dominates, while Thuja and Chamaecyparis Iawsoniana prevail in Turin for ornamental use. The palynological component is low but constantly present for long periods in the late winter-early spring. Data on airborne pollen grains (Hi...

The patterns of pollen deposition in the upper layers of the soil and in biological traps (mosses and lichens) in relation to the widespread and well known vegetational types of the Alps is investigated. The communities studied are beach woods, pine woods (Pinus cembra, P. sylvestris) and alpine pastures. Quantitative correlations between the polle...

La presente raccolta di indicazioni bibliografiche di argomento palinologico consta di 1201 voci, elencate in ordine alfabetico e cronologico per autore, siglate secondo la materia trattata e numerate progressivamente. L’elencazione dei lavori è seguita da un indice analitico per argomento, nel quale sono riportati i numeri d’ordine degli articoli...

Pollen data collected with a Hirst spore-trap from 1981 to 1988 are presented and related to flora, vegetation and climate of the city of Turin. A comparison of vegetational and aerosporological data collected in other European cities show that, from this point of view, Turin is more similar to the Central-European area than to the Mediterranean on...

In accordo al programma della «Flora Palinologica Italiana» sono state allestite le schede morfopalinologiche, su pollini freschi ed acetolizzati, diArtemisia glacialis L.,Artemisia genipi Weber,Artemisia umbelliformis Lam.; per ciascuna specie sono stati studiati materiali provenienti da due diverse località. Delle specie studiate sono riportati i...

The Juglans regia x Juglans nigra hybrid cannot be obtained because of stable interspecific barriers. We have analyzed and described various morphological and biochemical characters in J. regia and J. nigra pollen: differences in the mineral composition, polysaccharide reserves, wall ultrastructure and protein pattern of soluble cytoplasm, membrane...

This paper describes a pollen survey from Turin based on 25 taxa of interest. The survey took place between 1981 to 1988 recording pollen types and amounts. Pollen was collected using a Hirst spore trap. A pollen calendar was constructed using 10 day means: aerosporological data were then compared to the urban vegetation and flora. Pollen distribut...

A six-stage Andersens's sampler was compared with a single stage type (SAS) for the collection of airborne fungi particles. The efficiency of two non selective culture media, and namely malt agar (MA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA), which were both modified in order to inhibit bacterial growth, was compared as well. An overall assessment of quantit...

L'échantillonnage aéropalynologique relevé à Turin (Italie) durant les années 1981 à 1985 avec un capteur du type Burkard a dégagé deux pics de concentration de pollen du genre Artemisia: le premier, plus élevé, se situe entre le 15 et le 20 août; le second, plus bas, entre le 20 et le 25 septembre. Les études sur la végétation de l'agglomération u...

Summary Palynological cards ofCorylus avellana cv. TGL andCorylus maxima Miller are presented for fresh and acetolyzed pollens, according to the project «Flora Palinologica Italiana». Both species are interesting from the agricultural point of view, also for the possibility to obtain interspecific hybrids. The difference of the P/E ratio between th...

In 1984–5 and 1985–6 aerosporological data were collected in an experimental hazel-nut orchard in Cravanzana (High Langa) whereCorylus maxima andCorylus avellana cv. Tonda Gentile delle Langhe (TGL) were present with a prevalence of the latter. Inter variety crosses withC. avellana and interspecific hybridsC. avellana xC. maxima were also present....

Sono state allestite le schede palinologiche diArtemisia vulgaris L.,Artemisia verlotorum Lamotte eArtemisia annua L. su polline fresco e acetolizzato. Le tre specie hanno interesse aerobiologico e allergologico. Vengono anche riportati dati sulla loro distribuzione in Italia, con particolare riferimento adArtemisia annua. Palynological cards ofA...

By means of two Burkard Volumetric Spore-Traps situated in the center of Torino and Perugia, pollen was sampled between March and August for three years (1982–83–84). The two pollen spectra, with special reference to trees, were compared for pollen levels and duration of season in the two cities. Comments on vegetation in and around Torino and Peru...

The biosynthesis of sterols and triterpenoids in Cucurbita maxima was studied by analysis of unsaponifiable fraction of tissues from different development stages of the plant (seeds, seedlings, adult plant and tissue culture) and by feeding germinating seeds and tissue cultures with [2-¹⁴C]-acetate. Synthesis of cucurbitacins does not occur in call...

In vitro culture of dedifferentiated cells of Triticum vulgare Vill. — A cultural substratum allowing the formation of callus from wheat embryos excised from swollen seeds has been set up. At first it is necessary to supply the embryo with a substratum containing a large amount of Compounds having an auxinic function, as they stimulate the formatio...

«Pinus mugo» Turra and «Pinus uncinata» Miller in Piedmont. Critical notes and distribution. — The Authors have carried on a research on the distribution of Pinus mugo Turra (sensu Fl. Eur.) and Pinus uncinata Miller in all Piedmont Alpes and, having observed the extreme variability of the characters which are employed in the keys of determination...