Rosa M Benito

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

In this article, we present the findings of a comprehensive longitudinal social network analysis conducted on Twitter across four consecutive election campaigns in Spain, spanning from 2015 to 2019. Our focus is on the discernible trend of increasing partisan and ideological homogeneity within interpersonal exchanges on this social media platform,...

In this work, we study the persistence of some fundamental previous ideas in physics in a group of freshmen at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain). For this purpose, we analyze the answers to a questionnaire consisted of 24 multiple-choice items, most of them borrowed from the Force Concept Inventory (FCI). Our study is performed in two d...

Sustainability is an issue of worldwide concern. Twitter is one of the most popular social networks, which makes it particularly interesting for exploring opinions and characteristics related to issues of social preoccupation. This paper aims to gain a better understanding of the activity related to sustainability that takes place on twitter. In ad...

The influence of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been widely spread over the last years, establishing new public and privat policies. Education has also been experiencing this change by aligning with the previous goals. In this chapter, we briefly summarize the main activities conducted under the Grant APS22.2003 'Service-based learnin...

In this chapter, we report on a method to compute chaotic eigenfunctions in narrow energy windows using very efficient semiclassical basis sets. The basis elements are formed by scar functions, which are wave functions localized over unstable periodic orbits. The basis size is of the same order of the number of computed eigenfunctions and is given...

In this paper, we study the phenomena of collapse and anomalous diffusion in shared mobility systems. In particular, we focus on a fleet of vehicles moving through a stations network and analyse the effect of self-journeys in system stability, using a mathematical simplex under stochastic flows. With a birth-death process approach, we find analytic...

Social polarization is a growing concern worldwide, as it strains social relations, erodes trust in institutions, and thus threatens democratic societies. Academic efforts to understand this phenomenon have traditionally approached it from a one-dimensional perspective, focusing on bipolar or dichotomous systems. However, political conflicts often...

Grasslands in the Iberian Peninsula are some of the most valuable ecosystems in Europe and are vulnerable because of their location in arid-semiarid regions. Remote sensing techniques have the potential for monitoring grasslands using vegetation indices (VIs), which can reveal bare soil and non-photosynthetic vegetation reflectance in these regions...

The behavior of a particle in a solvent has been framed using stochastic dynamics since the early theory of Kramers. A particle in a chemical reaction reacts slower in a diluted solvent because of the lack of energy transfer via collisions. The flux-over-population reaction rate constant rises with increasing density before falling again for very d...

We explore numerically and analytically how a fleet of vehicles moving through a stations network becomes unbalanced. Framing the system in terms of a mathematical simplex subjected to stochastic flows allows us to understand system’s failure rigorously. This allows to find the effect of self-journeys in system’s stability. With a birth-death proce...

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students, and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the X International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NE...

Social networks have become central for public debate. However, this debate occurs, in many cases, in a polarized and socially fragmented way. The importance of a specific type of polarization marked by the expression of emotions (affective polarization) has recently been pointed out. This work seeks to analyze affective polarization through the st...

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students, and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the X International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NE...

The behavior of a particle in a solvent has been framed using stochastic dynamics since the early theory of Kramers. A particle in a chemical reaction reacts slower in a diluted solvent because of the lack of energy transfer via collisions. The flux-over-population reaction rate constant rises with increasing density before falling again for very d...

In this paper, we apply Lagrangian descriptors to study the invariant manifolds that emerge from the top of two barriers existing in the LiCN<->LiNC isomerization reaction. We demonstrate that the integration times must be large enough compared with the characteristic stability exponents of the periodic orbit under study. The invariant manifolds ma...

In this paper, we apply Lagrangian descriptors to study the invariant manifolds that emerge from the top of two barriers existing in the LiCN<->LiNC isomerization reaction. We demonstrate that the integration times must be large enough compared with the characteristic stability exponents of the periodic orbit under study. The invariant manifolds ma...

With the advent of the Industry 4.0 paradigm, the possibilities of controlling manufacturing processes through the information provided by a network of sensors connected to work centers have expanded. Real-time monitoring of each parameter makes it possible to determine whether the values yielded by the corresponding sensor are in their normal oper...

Bifurcations take place in molecular Hamiltonian nonlinear systems as the excitation energy increases, leading to the appearance of different classical resonances. In this paper, we study the quantum manifestations of these classical resonances in the isomerizing system CN−Li⇆Li−CN. By using a correlation diagram of eigenenergies versus Planck cons...

The rapid spread of COVID-19 has demonstrated the need for accurate information to contain its diffusion. Technological solutions are a complement that can help citizens to be informed about the risk in their environment. Although measures such as contact traceability have been successful in some countries, their use raises society’s resistance. Th...

Multiple studies revealed that pasture grasslands are a time-varying complex ecological system. Climate variables regulate vegetation growing, being precipitation and temperature the most critical driver factors. This work aims to assess the response of two different Vegetation Indices (VIs) to the temporal dynamics of temperature and precipitation...

The goal of this work is to explore how the relationship between two subordinates reporting to a leader influences the alignment of the latter with the company’s strategic objectives in an Industry 4.0 environment. We do this through the implementation of quantum circuits that represent decision networks. In fact, through the quantum simulation of...

In this work we explore how the relationship between one subordinate reporting to two leaders influences the alignment of the latter with the company’s strategic objectives in an Industry 4.0 environment. We do this through the implementation of quantum circuits that represent decision networks. This is done for two cases: One in which the leaders...

In this paper, we revisit the concepts of the reactivity map and the reactivity bands as an alternative to the use of perturbation theory for the determination of the phase space geometry of chemical reactions. We introduce a reformulated metric, called the asymptotic trajectory indicator, and an efficient algorithm to obtain reactivity boundaries....

Grasslands in the Iberian Peninsula are valuable and susceptible ecosystems due to their location in arid-semiarid regions. Remote sensing techniques have potential for monitoring them through vegetation indices (VIs). The Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) is an improved version of classical VIs for arid and semiarid regions. This wor...

The rapid spread of COVID-19 has demonstrated the need for accurate information to contain its diffusion. Technological solutions are a complement that can help citizens to be informed about the risk in their environment. Although measures such as contact traceability have been successful in some countries, their use raises society’s resistance. Th...

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the IX International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NE...

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the IX International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NE...

In this paper we investigate how the relationship with a subordinate who reports to him influences the alignment of an Industry 4.0 leader. We do this through the implementation of quantum circuits that represent decision networks. In fact, through the quantum simulation of strategic organizational design configurations (QSOD) through five hundred...

The framework of transition state theory relies on the determination of a geometric structure identifying reactivity. It replaces the laborious exercise of following many trajectories for a long time to provide chemical reaction rates and pathways. In this paper, recent advances in constructing this geometry even in time-dependent systems are appli...

In this paper [published in Phys. Rev. E 102, 042210 (2020)], a new method for the calculation of excited chaotic eigenfunctions in arbitrary energy windows is presented. We demonstrate the feasibility of using wavefunctions localized on unstable periodic orbits as efficient basis sets for this task in classically chaotic systems. The number of req...

An alternative method for the calculation of excited chaotic eigenfunctions in arbitrary energy windows is presented. We demonstrate the feasibility of using wave functions localized on unstable periodic orbits as efficient basis sets for this task in classically chaotic systems. The number of required localized wave functions is only of the order...

The framework of transition state theory relies on the determination of a geometric structure identifying reactivity. It replaces the laborious exercise of following many trajectories for a long time to provide chemical reaction rates and pathways. In this paper, recent advances in constructing this geometry even in time-dependent systems are appli...

In a social system individual actions have the potential to trigger spontaneous collective reactions. The way and extent to which the activity (number of actions—A) of an individual causes or is connected to the response (number of reactions—R) of the system is still an open question. We measure the relationship between activity and response with t...

The correlation diagrams of vibrational energy levels considering the Planck constant as a variable parameter have proven as a very useful tool to study vibrational molecular states, and more specifically in relation to the quantum manifestations of chaos in such dynamical systems. In this paper, we consider the highly nonlinear K-CN molecule, show...

Perturbation theories have proven to be useful for identifying the geometric structure of reactions, but are often limited to regions close to the zeroth order reference. Numerical analysis may also breakdown with increasing dimensionality. In this paper, we revisit the concepts of the reactivity map and the reactivity bands to address these limita...

Standard sentiment analysis techniques rely either on sets of rules based on semantic and affective information or in supervised machine learning approaches whose quality heavily depends on the size and significance of a training set of pre-labeled text samples. In many situations, this labeling needs to be performed by hand, potentially limiting t...

Political polarization generates strong effects on society, driving controversial debates and influencing the institutions. Territorial disputes are one of the most important polarized scenarios and have been consistently related to the use of language. In this work, we analyzed the opinion and language distributions of a particular territorial dis...

The study of the dynamics of pasture is the result of a complex interaction between vegetation, soil, climate and man activity. In the present work we study the correlation of vegetation index and soil moisture in a pasture area at different aggregation levels. In order to do so, monthly Sentinel-2A images, from July 2015 till August 2016, were pro...

Dynamics on complex networks and associated games have numerous practical applications for a wide range of fields. The analyses addressed in the literature frequently consider game frameworks defined between the individual nodes within a given network. However, many real situations are related to teams of agents which are external to the network bu...

Shannon entropy is studied for the series of avoided crossings that characterize the transition from order to chaos in quantum mechanics. In order to be able to study jointly this entropy for discrete and continuous probability, calculations have been performed on a quantized map, the kicked Harper map, resulting in a different behavior, as order-c...

The usual identification of reactive trajectories for the calculation of reaction rates requires very time-consuming simulations, particularly if the environment presents memory effects. In this paper, we develop a method that permits the identification of reactive trajectories in a system under the action of a stochastic colored driving. This meth...

We explore here the feasibility of using the recently introduced Lagrangian descriptors [A. M. Mancho et al., Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 18, 3530 (2013)] to unveil the usually rich dynamics taking place in the vibrations of molecular systems, especially if they are floppy. The principal novelty of our work is the inclusion of p norms in t...

We have retrieved and analyzed several millions of Twitter messages corresponding to the Spanish general elections held on the 20th of December 2015 and repeated on the 26th of June 2016. The availability of data from two electoral campaigns that are very close in time allows us to compare collective behaviors of two analogous social systems with a...

The study of the dynamics of the vegetation cover, such as pasture, is the result of a complex interaction between vegetation, soil and climate and man activity. In south Europe, drought has severe consequences in these areas. One aspect to understand it is to characterize the spatial patterns of pasture along the seasons and their relation with so...

We analyze the water vapour-liquid and solid-liquid phase transitions from the perspective of hydrogen bond networks. Using molecular dynamics simulation data for the TIP4P/2005 and TIP4P/Ice water models, we built hydrogen bond networks in the neighborhood of the transitions. We studied the behavior of some topological network properties: average...

Over the last years, a new geometrical perspective on transition state theory has been developed that provides a deeper insight on the reaction mechanisms of chemical systems. This new methodology is based on the identification of the invariant structures that organize the dynamics at the top of the energetic barrier that separates reactants and pr...

Over the last years, a new geometrical perspective on transition state theory has been developed that provides a deeper insight on the reaction mechanisms of chemical systems. This new methodology is based on the identification of the invariant structures that organize the dynamics at the top of the energetic barrier that separates reactants and pr...

The dynamical characteristics of a region of regular vibrational motion in the sea of chaos above the saddle point corresponding to the linear C-N-K configuration is examined in detail. To explain the origin of this regularity, the associated phase space structures have been characterized using suitably defined Poincar\'e surfaces of section, ident...

We apply a recently developed semiclassical theory of short periodic orbits to the continuously open quantum tribaker map. In this paradigmatic system the trajectories are partially bounced back according to continuous reflectivity functions. This is relevant in many situations that include optical microresonators and more complicated boundary cond...

We apply a recently developed semiclassical theory of short periodic orbits to the continuously open quantum tribaker map. In this paradigmatic system the trajectories are partially bounced back according to continuous reflectivity functions. This is relevant in many situations that include optical microresonators and more complicated boundary cond...

Classical transition state theory has been extended to address chemical reactions across barriers that are driven and anharmonic. This resolves a challenge to the naive theory that necessarily leads to recrossings and approximate rates because it relies on a fixed dividing surface. We develop both perturbative and numerical methods for the computat...

Several studies have shown that vegetation indexes can be used to estimate root zone soil moisture. Earth surface images, obtained by high-resolution satellites, presently give a lot of information on these indexes, based on the data of several wavelengths. Because of the potential capacity for systematic observations at various scales, remote sens...

Social media are transforming global communication and coordination. The data derived from social media can reveal patterns of human behavior at all levels and scales of society. Using geolocated Twitter data, we have quantified collective behaviors across multiple scales, ranging from the commutes of individuals, to the daily pulse of 50 major urb...

Social media are transforming global communication and coordination. The data derived from social media can reveal patterns of human behavior at all levels and scales of society. Using geolocated Twitter data, we have quantified collective behaviors across multiple scales, ranging from the commutes of individuals, to the daily pulse of 50 major urb...

We study the vibrational dynamics of a model for the HCN molecule in the presence of a monochromatic laser field. The variation of the structural behavior of the system as a function of the laser frequency is analyzed in detail using the smaller alignment index, frequency maps, and diffusion coefficients. It is observed that the ergodicity of the s...

The usual identification of reactive trajectories for the calculation of reaction rates requires very time-consuming simulations, particularly if the environment presents memory effects. In this paper, we develop a new method that permits the identification of reactive trajectories in a system under the action of a stochastic colored driving. This...

In this paper, we extend a method recently reported [Phys. Rev. E 87, 042921 (2012)] for the calculation of the eigestates of classically highly chaotic systems to cases of mixed dynamics, i.e. those presenting regular and irregular motions at the same energy. The efficiency of the method, which is based on the use of a semiclassical basis set of l...

In this paper, we extend a method recently reported [Phys. Rev. E 87, 042921 (2012)] for the calculation of the eigestates of classically highly chaotic systems to cases of mixed dynamics, i.e. those presenting regular and irregular motions at the same energy. The efficiency of the method, which is based on the use of a semiclassical basis set of l...

Several studies point out that vegetation indexes can been used to estimate root zone soil moisture and earth surface images, obtained by high resolution satellites, give presently huge information on these indexes based in several wavelengths data. Because of the potential capacity for systematic observations at various scales, remote sensing tech...

Reaction rates across time-dependent barriers are difficult to define and difficult to obtain using standard transition state theory approaches because of the complexity of the geometry of the dividing surface separating reactants and products. Using perturbation theory (PT) or Lagrangian descriptors (LDs), we can obtain the transition state trajec...

The communication and migration patterns of a country are shaped by its socioeconomic processes. The economy of Senegal is predominantly rural, as agriculture employs over 70% of the labor force. In this paper, we use mobile phone records to explore the impact of agricultural activity on the communication and mobility patterns of the inhabitants of...

The accuracy of rate constants calculated using transition state theory depends crucially on the correct identification of a recrossing--free dividing surface. We show here that it is possible to define such optimal dividing surface in systems with non--Markovian friction. However, a more direct approach to rate calculation is based on invariant ma...

The accuracy of rate constants calculated using transition state theory depends crucially on the correct identification of a recrossing--free dividing surface. We show here that it is possible to define such optimal dividing surface in systems with non--Markovian friction. However, a more direct approach to rate calculation is based on invariant ma...

We extend the semiclassical theory of short periodic orbits [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 80}, 035202(R) (2009)] to partially open quantum maps. They correspond to classical maps where the trajectories are partially bounced back due to a finite reflectivity $R$. These maps are representative of a class that has many experimental applications. The open scar fu...

We extend the semiclassical theory of short periodic orbits [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 80}, 035202(R) (2009)] to partially open quantum maps. They correspond to classical maps where the trajectories are partially bounced back due to a finite reflectivity $R$. These maps are representative of a class that has many experimental applications. The open scar fu...

The performance of a recently proposed method to efficiently calculate scar functions is analyzed in problems of chemical interest. An application to the computation of wave functions associated with barriers relevant for the LiNC=LiCN isomerization reaction is presented as an illustration. These scar functions also constitute excellent elements fo...

Social media are transforming global communication and coordination and provide unprecedented opportunities for studying socio-technical domains. Here we study global dynamical patterns of communication on Twitter across many scales. Underlying the observed patterns is both the diurnal rotation of the earth, day and night, and the synchrony require...

The reaction rate rises and falls with increasing density or friction when a molecule is activated by collisions with the solvent particles. This so-called Kramers turnover has recently been observed in the isomerization reaction of LiCN in an argon bath. In this paper, we demonstrate by direct comparison with those results that a reduced-dimension...

A study of the dynamical characteristics of the phase space corresponding to the vibrations of the LiNC-LiCN molecule using an analysis based on the small alignment index (SALI) is presented. SALI is a good indicator of chaos that can easily determine whether a given trajectory is regular or chaotic regardless of the dimensionality of the system, a...

The appearance of large geolocated communication datasets has recently increased our understanding of how social networks relate to their physical space. However, many recurrently reported properties, such as the spatial clustering of network communities, have not yet been systematically tested at different scales. In this work we analyze the socia...

We say that a population is perfectly polarized when divided in two groups of the same size and opposite opinions. In this paper, we propose a methodology to study and measure the emergence of polarization from social interactions. We begin by proposing a model to estimate opinions in which a minority of influential individuals propagate their opin...

Towards the consolidation of peace and national development, Ivory Coast must overcome the lack of cohesion, responsible for the emergence of two civil wars in the last years. As in many African countries, ethnic violence is a result of the way territories are organized and the prevalence of some groups over others. Nowadays the increasing availabi...

As the framework to characterize the subway and urban bus networks of Madrid city three topological spaces: geographical stop space, transfer space and route space, are considered. We show that the subway network exhibits better structural parameters than the urban bus network, with higher performance since in average a stop is reachable passing th...

There is a wide range of systems in the real world where components cannot function independently, in such a way that these components interact with others through different channels of connectivity and dependencies. Complex Networks theory is, in fact, the formal tool for describing and analyzing fields as disparate as sociology (social networks,...

We study the dynamics of a two-level quantum system under the influence of sinusoidal driving in the intermediate-frequency regime. Analyzing the Floquet quasienergy spectrum, we find combinations of the field parameters for which population transfer is optimal and takes place through a series of well-defined steps of fixed duration. We also show h...

The structure of the social networks in which individuals are embedded influences their political choices and therefore their voting behavior. Nowadays, social media represent a new channel for individuals to communicate, what together with the availability of the data, makes it possible to analyze the online social network resulting from political...

Understanding the collective reaction to individual actions is key to effectively spread information in social media. In this work we define efficiency on Twitter, as the ratio between the emergent spreading process and the activity employed by the user. We characterize this property by means of a quantitative analysis of the structural and dynamic...

In this paper we study the dynamics and stability of a two-dimensional model for the vibrations of the LiCN molecule marking use of the Riemannian geometry vía the Jacobi-Levi-Civita equations applied to the Jacobi metric. The Stability Geometrical Indicator for short times is calculated to locate regular and chaotic trajectories as the relative ex...

In this paper we introduce the methodology that we have followed to convert traditional notes into interactive online materials. The idea behind this has been to make self-consistent and interactive online materials capable of motivating the students to get involved in the learning process. For this purpose, we have used the e-learning environment...