Roohi Mohi-ud-din

Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences | SKIMS · Department of General Medicine

Background Liver injury induced by drugs has become a basic reason for acute liver disease and therefore posed a potential regulatory and clinical challenge over the past few decades and has received greater attention. It also remains the most common cause of failure of drugs during clinical trials. In 50% of all acute liver failure cases, drug-ind...

Transdermal route has been an ever sought-after means of drug administration, regarded as being most convenient and patient compliant. However, skin poses a great barrier to the entry of the external particles including bacteria, viruses, allergens and drugs as well (mostly hydrophilic or high molecular weight drugs), consequent to its complex stru...

Neurodegenerative disorders are commonly erratic influenced by various factors including lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors. In recent observations, it has been hypothesized that exposure to various environmental factors enhances the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The exact etiology of Alzheimer’s disease is still unclear; however, th...

Herbal medicines have been used around the globe since times immemorial. Nanophytomedicine is an emerging domain of medicine which helps to encapsulate the active phytoconstituents from medicinal plants and treat various diseases such as cancer and diabetes. So it is very crucial to identify the potential active phytoconstituents and encapsulate th...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by memory impairment, dementia, and oxidative stress in elderly people. Currently, only a few drugs are available in the market with various adverse effects. Therefore, to develop new drugs with protective action against the disease, research is turning to the iden...

Immunotoxicogenomics is the holistic approach to study the effect of foreign substances on the immune system. It involves the combination of proteins and metabolites with typical toxicology to evaluate the interactions between gene expression and toxicants. The alterations in gene expression resulting due to exposure to various toxicants cause dise...

Epilepsy is a neurological condition that affects 70 million individuals worldwide. The BBB, which manages a series of distinctive properties that safely control the transit of chemicals, ions, and cells between the blood and the parenchyma, is one of the intriguing characteristics of brain microvasculature. The integrity of the barrier, which prov...

In recent years, the field of nanotechnology has brought about significant advancements that have transformed the landscape of disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, particularly in the realm of medical science. Among the various approaches to nanoparticle synthesis, the green synthesis method has garnered increasing attention. Silver nanopa...

Background Infammation is a key biological reaction that comprises a complex network of signals that both initiate and stop the infammation process. Purpose This study targets to evaluate the anti-infammatory potential of the leaves of the Plectranthus rugosus (P. rugosus) plant involving both in vitro and in vivo measures. The current available dr...

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induces dynamic changes in the cellular organization leading to functional changes in cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Neoplastic cells with specific genetic and epigenetic alterations undergo EMT. While the epithelial cell comprises various classes of cell junctions, including desmosomes, adherens j...

Cancer poses a significant global health challenge, with predictions of increasing prevalence in the coming years due to limited prevention, late diagnosis, and inadequate success with current therapies. In addition, the high cost of new anti-cancer drugs creates barriers in meeting the medical needs of cancer patients, especially in developing cou...

Background: Iris kashmiriana Baker, often known as Mazarmond, is a plant species classified under the Iridaceae family. This specific botanical specimen has notable therapeutic properties and has been traditionally used for the treatment of many diseases. The rhizomes are considered to be a substantial repository of secondary metabolites and have b...

Natural products (NPs) will continue to provide humans with an unrivaled source of innovative medication leads and inspiration for non-natural drug synthesis. Because our scientific understanding of nature is continuously developing, it would be useful to acquaint the scientific community and the general public with the pharmacological characterist...

Background: The plant species Iris germanica L., belonging to the family Iridiaceae, is a notable collection of approximately 1800 species. It is classified under the genus Iris, which is recognised as one of the largest genera. Objective: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pharmacognostical studies, phytochemical investigat...

Xanthine and its derivatives are considered an important class of N-heterocyclic purine compounds that have gained significant importance in medicinal chemistry. N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and N-coordinated metal complexes of xanthine and its derivatives have revealed a range of new possibilities for their use as therapeutic agents in addition to...

Homeostasis between protein synthesis and degradation is a critical biological function involving a lot of precise and intricate regulatory systems. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is a large, multi-protease complex that degrades most intracellular proteins and accounts for about 80% of cellular protein degradation. The proteasome, a massive...

Abstract: Natural products are investigated for their remunerative effects on health. Quercetin, a flavonoid, is commonly distributed in vegetables and fruits. Quercetin is used as a supplement in food and as a phytochemical remedy against several diseases, including circulatory dysfunction, neurodegeneration, diabetes, cancer, and inflammation. Th...

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the primary cause of dementia, escalating worldwide, has no proper diagnosis or effective treatment. Neuronal cell death and impairment of cognitive abilities, possibly triggered by several brain mechanisms, are the most significant characteristic of this disorder. Methods: A multitude of pharmacological targe...

Epilepsy is the chronic neurological disorder affecting 70 million people globally. One of the fascinating attributes of brain microvasculature is the (BBB), which controls a chain of distinct features that securely regulate the molecules, ions, and cells movement between the blood and the parenchyma. The barrier's integrity is of paramount importa...

Plants with medicinal properties have the ability to provide a variety of herbal medications with fewer adverse effects. From the literature survey, it has been revealed that Berberis pachyacantha (BP) is being traditionally used for liver diseases. The cytoprotective effect of dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol extracts of BP were...

Heterocyclic compounds are that type of substances that are deeply intertwined with biological processes. Heterocycles are found in about 90% of commercially available medicines. In medicinal chemistry, finding new synthetic molecules with drug-like characteristics is a regular problem, which triggered the development of pharmacological molecules,...

Cancer involves the uncontrolled division of cells resulting in abnormal cell growth due to various gene mutations and is considered the second major cause of death. Due to drug resistance to current anticancer drugs, cancer incidence is rising, and seeking effective treatment is a major concern. Natural products are prospective to yield unique mol...

Probiotic is an expedient dietary supplement which is having a positive effect on the host in the intestinal tract. In recent years, there has been increased attention towards probiotics due to their role to improve health conditions, particularly in diabetic patients. As diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with an increase in blood sugar le...

Flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites, are present in fruits, vegetable beverages such as wine and tea abundantly. Flavonoids exhibit a diverse array of pharmacological activities, including anticancer activity, and are toxic to cancer cells but not harmful to healthy cells. Besides, humans and animals cannot synthesize flavonoi...

Picrorhiza kurroa of family Scrophulariaceae represents an endangered, small, hairy perennial medicinal herb indigenous to India, which grows in subalpine Himalayan province wild from Kashmir to Sikkim at an elevation of 3000–5000 m. It has got a wide range of medicinal properties which are attributed to presence bioactive phytoconstituents, like c...

Polygonum alpinum All (Polygonaceae) rhizomes was loaded in soxhlet for extraction with methanol and water as solvent. The extracts obtained were assayed for anti-inflammatory potency via carrageenan and formaldehyde prompted infection among experimental animals. The methanolic extract method presented potent anti-inflammatory activity in compariso...

Polygonum alpinum All (Polygonaceae) rhizomes was loaded in soxhlet for extraction with methanol and water as solvent. The extracts obtained were assayed for anti-inflammatory potency via carrageenan and formalde- hyde prompted infection among experimental animals. The methanolic extract method presented potent anti- inflammatory activity in compar...

Nature has been very kind to humanity and offers services for its long-term survival and continuous regeneration. From the past decade, enormous spike in acceptance and people’s interest in natural remedies have been observed in both developing and developed countries. Diversity, adaptability, easy accessibility in edible form, low cost, relatively...

Nutrients impart an essential role in the prevention of various diseases. The biological activity of plant derived compounds allows their use to treat to various diseases. Isoflavones of Soy whose structure is analogous to 17-β-oestradiol are considered healthy in cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancer, such as prostate and breast canc...

The utilization of herbal drugs and phytonutrients or nutraceuticals keeps on extending quickly around the globe with many people now depending on these products for the management of different health afflictions in various national healthcare settings. From the past decade, enormous spike in acceptance and people’s interest in natural remedies hav...

Arthritis and related disorders like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis are complex, multifactorial inflammatory diseases that result in joint destruction and functional disability if not treated adequately. Natural products with folklore use have been widely used as a therapeutic source. Nigella sativa (family Ranunculaceae), commonly kn...

For the treatment of various diseases, natural products play a very pivotal role and are used in traditional systems since ancient times. Resveratrol (3, 4′, 5-trans-trihydroxy-stilbene), is a natural stilbenoid polyphenol (phytoalexin), first isolated from Veratrum grandiflorum O. Loes. Plants containing resveratrol have shown to exhibit anti-canc...

Curcumin [1,7‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl) ‐1,6‐heptadiene‐3,5‐dione] is pharmacologically active polyphenol isolated from rhizome Curcumin longa L and is a versatile molecule known for its various biological properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, including antibacterial, anticancer, arthritis, allergies and other var...

The search for anti-inflammatory drugs is still challenging, even though recent advances in modern medicine have provided some relief. Coumarins, well known secondary metabolites widely distributed in plant kingdom, have successfully documented their candidature in the development of anti-inflammatory agents. Natural coumarins, including esculetin,...

Syzygium aromaticum (Family Myrtaceae), commonly acknowledged as clove, is one of the most valuable spices in the world trade market with global distribution, though Indonesia has maintained its top position as a producer. Clove has sustained its value in the past, dating back to 1700 BC, as is evident from clove found in a ceramic vessel in Syria...

Cancer is one of the most alarming diseases, with an estimation of 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Glioma occurs in glial cells surrounding nerve cells. The majority of the patients with gliomas have a terminal prognosis, and the ailment has significant sway on patients and their families, be it physical, psychological, or economic wellbeing. As Glioma...

Nigella sativa Linn. belongs to the family Ranunculaceae and is recognized as a prophetic medicine because of its mention in Prophetic Hadith, as a natural remedy for all diseases except death. It is known as Habat-ul-Barakah/Habat-ul-Sauda in Arabian countries and as Kalonji in India. As per Tibb-e-Nabwi (Prophetic Medicine), its daily consumption...

Background Berberine (BBR), an alkaloidal compound found in many plants, is widely used for hundreds of years in the traditional system of Chinese medicine. Objective/Aim The present review is aimed to summarize the potential of Berberine in the amelioration of various neurological disorders. Methods The collection of data for the compilation of...

Throughout human history, medicinal plants are used in traditional medicine systems and are considered a potential source of healthy life. Curry leaf belongs to the family Rutaceae obtained from Murraya koenigii, which has been used widely as a spice, flavouring agent, and as herbal medicine since ancient times in the ayurvedic medicine system. Cur...

Background: Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound present in Curcuma longa Linn. (Turmeric), has been used to improve various neurodegenerative conditions, including Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Prion disease, stroke, anxiety, depression, and ageing. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes t...

Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease (MND) that typically causes death within 3-5 years after diagnosis. Regardless of the substantial scientific knowledge accrued from more than a century ago, truly effective therapeutic strategies remain distant. Various conventional drugs are being used but are having several...

Depression, a well know mental disorder has global prevalence, nearly affecting 17% of population. Due to various limitations of the currently available drugs, people have been adopting traditional herbal medicines to alleviate the symptoms of depression. It is notable to mention that natural products, their derivatives, and their analogs are the m...

Heterocyclic are a class of compounds that are intricately entwined into life processes. Almost more than 90% of marketed drugs carry heterocycles. Synthetic chemistry, in turn, allocates a cornucopia of heterocycles. Among the heterocycles, indole, a bicyclic structure consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrole ring...

Background Prunella vulgaris, family Lamiaceae also known as self-heal, has been traditionally used as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and anti-rheumatic. Due to widespread distribution of the plant, Vulgaris is also called ‘vulgar’ in Latin adjective meaning common. Objective The objective of this review was to describe the relev...

Carbon nanotubes are nano sized cylindrical chicken wire like structures made of carbon atoms. Carbon nanotubes have applications in electronics, energy storage, electromagnetic devices, environmental remediation and in medicine as well. The biomedical applications of carbon nanotubes can be owed to features like low toxicity, non-immunogenicity, h...

Carbon nanotubes are nano sized cylindrical chicken wire like structures made of carbon atoms. Carbon nanotubes have applications in electronics, energy storage, electromagnetic devices, environmental remediation and in medicine as well. The biomedical applications of carbon nanotubes can be owed to features like low toxicity, non-immunogenicity, h...

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further...

Exosomes are nano structured (50-90 nm) vesicles that originate from endosomal compartment of eukaryotic cells and are secreted into extracellular matrix. In recent years there has been increased interest in exploring exosomes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Like many other diseases e.g. neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases...

Astragalus grahamianus Royle ex. Benth (Fabaceae) belongs to genus Astragalus, which is one of the largest genera of vascular plants, with 2000-3000 taxa and more than 250 taxanomic sections. The current study deals with Pharmacognostic parameters of the roots of Astragalus grahamianus. The roots of Astragalus grahamianus were collected, shade drie...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Arisaema propinquum Schott (Araceae) commonly known as cobra lily. Traditionally the rhizomes were used as vermifuge, in rheumatism, as stomach-ache, and in snake bites. Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of methanolic and aqueous extract of Arisaema propinquum Schott rhizome...

Introduction Capsella bursa-pastoris(L.) Medic is a traditional herb of the genus Capsella with long-standing Pakistan, India, Iraq, Cyprus, Turkey, Iran, Azarbayjan, Europe, Saudi Arabia, China and many other regions of Asian countries ethnomedical records. Preliminary studies from the animal model have provided valuable scientific evidence for its...

Ethnopharmacology: Arisaema propinquum Schott (Araceae) is commonly known as cobra lily. Traditionally, the rhizomes were used as vermifuge, in rheumatism, as stomachache, and in snake bites. Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the pharmacognostical parameters and anthelminthic activity of A. propinquum rhizomes. Materials and Me...

Aim: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anthelminthic activity of the extracts of Polygonum alpinum rhizomes. Methods: Fresh rhizomes of the P. alpinum were collected, washed and shade dried. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were first tested for phytochemical screening. In-vitro anti-inflammatory act...

Aim: The present research work was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anthelminthic activity of the extracts of Polygonum alpinum rhizomes. Methods: Fresh rhizomes of the P. alpinum were collected, washed and shade dried. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were first tested for phytochemical screening. In-vitro anti-inflammatory act...

The present study was focussed to carry out the detailed pharmacognostic studies in terms of organoleptic characters, physicochemical parameters, macroscopical, microscopical characters and phytochemical screening for major groups of compounds and other WHO recommended parameters for standardization of the leaves Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) of fami...

Herbal medicine is an alternative treatment that involves using of different plants and plant extracts. Herbal medicines combine with immune system of the human body to create an even detoxification process. Herbal medicines are the synthesis of therapeutic experiences of generations of practicing physicians of indigenous systems of medicine for ov...

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Arisaema propinquum Schott rhizomes. Methods: The alcoholic and aqueous extracts were first tested for phytochemical screening. In-vitro antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by DPPH free radical (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydr...

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Arisaema propinquum Schott rhizomes. Methods: The alcoholic and aqueous extracts were first tested for phytochemical screening. In-vitro antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by DPPH free radical (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydra...

The protection of Traditional Knowledge is important for the conservation and sustainable development of the environment, as much of the world's biodiversity has been conserved and preserved by indigenous people. Their knowledge is central to the protection and conservation of genetic resources and other bio-resources. Most of these communities liv...

The present study was intended to discover the preliminary phytochemicals of Iris kashmiriana Baker collected from Kashmir region, India. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted in methanolic and aqueous extracts which showed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols, saponins, diterpenes, cardiac glycos...

The indigenous and traditional health care system based on the rich diversity of plants associated knowledge serves more than 70% of the Indian population. More than 7500 species of plants have been used in Indian medical traditions and over

The indigenous and traditional health care system based on the rich diversity of plants associated knowledge serves more than 70% of the Indian population. More than 7500 species of plants have been used in Indian medical traditions, and over

Background Great Mullein; Verbascum thapsus has been traditionally used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, spasmolytic, astringent, diuretic, emollient, expectorant piles, bruises and frostbites in Greece, Western United States, Rome, India, Turkey, Italy, and Pakistan. Objective The aim of the present review is to summarize ethnophar...

The paper discusses the various case studies related with intellectual property right and traditional knowledge at National and International level

Hyperlipidemia also known as hyperlipoproteinemia is a disorder of abnormally high levels of any or all lipids and/or lipoproteins in the blood. Hyperlipidemia itself usually causes no symptoms but can lead to symptomatic vascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis being the main compli...

In Unani system of medicine, Arthritis is described under a broad term Waja-ul-Mafasil which encompasses entire joint disorders like inflammatory, non-inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and other musculoskeletal disorders. Arthritis is one of the commonest joint disorder affecting millions of people worldwide with an estimated 15% (40 million) of...