Rômulo Bertuzzi

• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at University of São Paulo

This study examined potential sex differences on performance and perceived fatigability during a whole-body endurance exercise performed under normoxia or moderate hypoxia. Nine male and eight female cyclists performed a 4-km cycling time-trial under normoxia or hypoxia conditions. Performance fatigability and its central and peripheral determinant...

Purpose : To determine the effects of repeated Brazilian jiujitsu (BJJ) matches on neuromuscular fatigue in forearm-flexor and knee-extensor muscles. Methods : Twelve BJJ athletes (8 men and 4 women) performed a simulated BJJ tournament composed of four 8-minute matches interspersed by 16-minute intervals. Neuromuscular fatigue was assessed via pre...

Purpose : To characterize the time structure of K1 kickboxing matches of Glory World Series (Glory) and to determine potential differences between winners and losers. Methods : Seventeen matches of Glory 2019 (17 first rounds, 13 second rounds, and 8 third rounds) were video-analyzed to quantify (1) the time expended in high- and low-intensity acti...

Fibromyalgia (FM) patients present impaired cardiac autonomic regulation during maximal exercise; however, it is unknown whether these alterations also manifest during submaximal exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the on-transient heart rate (HR) response and HR variability during a constant-load submaximal cycling exercise between FM a...

Objective: To investigate the acute effects of ingesting a beverage containing guarana (Paullinia cupana) seed powder on performance during field tests related to physical capacities that are determinants of soccer performance, such as lower limb power, sprint, agility, and the capacity to carry out intermittent exercise. Methods: The study was...

Purpose To compare the development of fatigability during a moderate intensity cycling exercise between women with fibromyalgia (FM) and control women (CON) after acute ingestion of caffeine and placebo. Methods Ten FM and 10 CON women performed a 30-minute moderate intensity cycling exercise one hour after the ingestion of a capsule containing ei...

It has been assumed that exercise intensity variation throughout a cycling time trial (TT) occurs in alignment of various metabolic changes to prevent premature task failure. However, this assumption is based on target metabolite responses, which limits our understanding of the complex interconnection of metabolic responses during exercise. The cur...

This review provides the current state of knowledge regarding the use of nutritional nanocompounds on exercise performance. The reviewed studies used the following nanocompounds: resveratrol-loaded lipid nanoparticles, folic acid into layered hydroxide nanoparticle, redox-active nanoparticles with nitroxide radicals, and iron into liposomes. Most o...

Although adding hypoxia to high-intensity training may offer some benefits, a significant problem of this training model is the diminished quality of the training session when performing efforts in hypoxia. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of training and tapering combined with inter-effort recovery hypoxia (IEH) on a...

There is a lack of evidence on the additional benefits of combining caffeine (CAF) and creatine (CRE) supplementation on anaerobic power and capacity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test the effects of combined and isolated supplementation of CAF and CRE on anaerobic power and capacity. Twenty-four healthy men performed a baseline Wingat...

The present study investigated the reliability and sensitivity of a wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (wNIRS) device in moderate and heavy exercise intensity domains. On three separate days, eleven males performed an incremental test to exhaustion, and in the following visits, four submaximal constant-load bouts (i.e., test and retest) were perfo...

Background: The influence of exhaustive whole-body exercise and caffeine ingestion on electromechanical delay (EMD) has been underexplored. This study investigated the effect of exhaustive cycling exercise on EMD and other parameters of muscle contractile properties and the potential ability of caffeine to attenuate the exercise-induced impairment...

Objectives. — Whether performance fatigability and its determinants (i.e., peripheral and central fatigue) after cycling exercise performed at extreme- and severe-intensity domains are of similar magnitude is unknown. In the current study, we investigated the levels of performance fatigability and peripheral and central fatigue in nine young female...

Air pollution is among the leading environmental threats to health around the world today, particularly in the context of sports and exercise. With the effects of air pollution, pollution episodes (eg, wildfire conflagrations) and climate change becoming increasingly apparent to the general population, so have their impacts on sport and exercise. A...

Background Caffeine (CAF) has been shown to be an efficient ergogenic in improving the performance of countermovement jump tests (CMJ). However, it has not been evaluated whether this improvement reproduces itself in well-trained high jumpers. Methods To determine the effect of caffeine ingestion on CMJ performance, eight (5 men and 3 women) well-...

Purpose: In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that caffeine would increase endurance performance via attenuation of neural and muscular determinants of performance fatigability during high-intensity, whole-body exercise. Methods: Ten healthy males cycled until exhaustion (89% ± 2% of V̇O2max) after the ingestion of caffeine or placebo....

The present study aimed to compare the MAODALT in situations of hypoxia and normoxia to confirm the method validity. Seventeen healthy and physically active men participated in this study, aged 25.2 ± 3.2 years. All participants underwent four days of evaluation. The first day was performed a body composition test, an incremental test to exhaustion...

Purpose Caffeine improves cycling time trial (TT) performance; however, it is unknown whether caffeine is ergogenic when competing against other riders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether caffeine improves performance during a 4-km cycling TT when riding against a virtual opponent, and whether it is associated with increased muscle ac...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of caffeine ingestion on muscular performance during the early-follicular and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Fourteen resistance-trained naturally menstruating women performed countermovement jump (CMJ), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), one-repetition maximum (1-RM), and rep...

Purpose The current study investigated the effect of caffeine on the breathing pattern during a high-intensity whole-body exercise. Methods Using a randomized, crossover, counterbalanced, and double-blind design, twelve healthy men ingested either 5 mg.kg⁻¹ of caffeine or cellulose (placebo) one hour before performing a high-intensity whole-body e...

The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on markers of inflammatory, neuroplasticity, and endurance performance-related parameters in recreationally trained cyclists who were adapted to TRAP during a 50-km cycling time-trial (50-km cycling TT). Ten male cyclists performed a 50-km cycling TT ins...

We examined whether endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue would be affected by caffeine ingestion during closed- and open-loop exercises. Nine cyclists performed a closed-loop (4,000-m cycling time trial) and an open-loop exercise (work rate fixed at mean power of the closed-loop trial) 60 min after ingesting caffeine (CAF, 5 mg/kg) or pl...

In cycling, there is a body of evidence that supports that an all-out start strategy is superior to an even-pacing strategy, but it is unknown whether an all-out start strategy is superior to a self-paced strategy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance. After pr...

The airflow restriction mask (ARM) is a practical and inexpensive device for respiratory muscle training. Wearing an ARM has recently been combined with high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), but its effect on neuromuscular fatigue is unknown. The present study investigated the effects of ARM wearing on neuromuscular fatigue after an HIIE session...

The effects of plyometric training on middle- and long-distance running performances are well established. However, its influence on pacing behavior is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plyometric training on pacing behavior. Also, verify whether the adaptations induced by plyometric training would change ratings o...

The aim of the present study was to investigate lung particulate matter (PM) deposition during endurance exercise and provide a new insight concerning how SARS-CoV-2 could be carried into the respiratory tract. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the Human Respiratory Tract model were considered for modeling the lung PM deposition d...

High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is an effective non-pharmacological tool for improving physiological responses related to health. When HIIE is performed in urban centers, however, the exerciser is exposed to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), which is associated with metabolic, anti-inflammatory imbalance and cardiovascular diseases. Thi...

Although the exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has emerged as one of main problem worldwide to inhabitants' health in urban centers, its impact on metabolic responses during exercise is poorly understood. The aim of study was to characterize the profile of non-target serum metabolomics during prolonged exercise performed under TRAP c...

Objective Exacerbated perceived exertion and muscle pain responses during exercise might limit physical activity practice in fibromyalgia patients. Thus, nutritional strategies that can reduce perceived exertion and muscle pain during exercise in fibromyalgia patients would be useful. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acut...

Sedentary time is associated with an elevated occurrence of obesity in police officers. Caffeine intake may reduce sedentary time but it has not been extensively investigated. In the present study, the effect of caffeine ingestion on sedentary time was investigated in obese police officers. Fourteen obese police officers ingested either 5 mg.kg-1 o...

Caffeine is one of the most consumed ergogenic aids around the world. Many studies support the ergogenic effect of caffeine over a large spectrum of exercise types. While the stimulatory effect of caffeine on the central nervous system is the well-accepted mechanism explaining improvements in exercise performance during high-intensity whole-body ex...

Objectives To investigate the effects of prior high-intensity endurance exercise on time trial (TT) performance and fatigue responses. Equipment and methods Eleven male cyclists visited the lab in two separate visits. The first visit was composed by a maximal cycling incremental test (MIT) followed by 15 min of passive rest before a 4-km cycling T...

In the present study, we analysed the validity and reliability of a new tool designed to assist the measurement of maximal upper-limb strength in rock climbers in a specific way, named MBboard. The MBboard consists of an artificial small climbing hold affixed to a wooden board, which is connected to any cable-motion strength equipment to determine...

The current study analysed the effect of distinct pacing profiles (i.e. U, J, and inverted J) in the perceptual responses and neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) development following a 4-km cycling time trial (TT). Twenty-one cyclists with similar training status were allocated into three different groups based on their pacing profile spontaneously adopte...

The present experiment sought to further understanding of the psychological and psychophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of a single session of audio-guided meditation during moderate-intensity cycling exercise. Twenty-four healthy participants were recruited. A portable EEG device was employed to investigate the cerebral responses ass...

The present study analyzed the effects of local ischemia during endurance exercise on neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). Nine cyclists performed, in a counterbalanced order, two separate 4-km cycling time trials (TT) with (ISCH) or without (CONTR) induced local ischemia. NMF was characterized by using isometric maximal voluntary contractions (IMVC), whil...

Objective The impact of a vegan diet on sprint interval exercise performance is unknown. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare performance during a sprint interval exercise between omnivores and vegans. Methods Nine healthy omnivores (4 men and 5 women) and nine healthy vegans (4 men and 5 women), with similar levels of daily physi...

The present study compared the effects of a footwear designed to enhance energy return (thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU) vs minimalist shoes on running economy (RE) and endurance performance. In this counterbalanced and crossover design study, 11 recreational male runners performed two submaximal constant-speed running tests and two 3-km time-trial...

Performance in self-paced endurance exercises results from continuous fatigue symptom management. While it is suggested that perceived responses and neuromuscular fatigue development may determine variations in exercise intensity, it is uncertain how these fatigue components interact throughout the task. To address the fatigue development in self-p...

Purpose: To investigate the effects of caffeine (CAF) on performance during high- and long-jump competitions. Methods: Using a crossover and double-blind design, 6 well-trained high jumpers and 6 well-trained long jumpers performed a simulation of a high- and long-jump competition 60 minutes after ingesting a capsule containing either 5 mg·kg-1...

The main movements of artistic swimming demand various physical capacities such as flexibility, strength, power, and muscular endurance. The use of ergogenic resources to potentialize performance in this sport, however, is underexplored and deserves investigation. In the present study, we tested whether caffeine ingestion would improve the executio...

Exercise intensity variations throughout a cycling time trial (TT) might be influenced by subject's functional state. Purpose: The current study characterized the performance fatigability etiology, immediately after exercise cessation, and its relation to the dynamic changes in muscle O2 saturation at different TT phases. Methods: Twelve males...

This study analyzed the physiological adjustments caused by the use of the Elevation training mask® (2.0), an airflow restriction mask (ARM) during continuous exercise. Eighteen physically active participants (12 men and 6 women) were randomized to two protocols: continuous exercise with mask (CE-ARM) and continuous exercise without mask (CE). Exer...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether variations in 163 C>A CYP1A2 genotypes (rs 762551) (AA, AC and CC) modify the ergogenic effects of caffeine (CAF) on strength, power, muscular endurance, agility and endurance in adolescent athletes. Methods One hundred adolescents (age = 15 ± 2 years) were recruited. Participants ingested CAF (...

PURPOSE: Air pollution is one of the main health risks caused by the environment. Exposure to particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) leads to an increase in risk for cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Although many major sporting events are held in large, polluted cities (e.g. the Beijing 2008 and Rio 2016 Olympic Game...

Objective: We investigated the effects of acute ingestion of Maytenus ilicifolia extract on metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses during a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), and its consequence on neuromuscular fatigue. Methods: Ten healthy men underwent a HIIE (4 x 4 min, 3 min recovery) one hour after ingesting 400 mg of Maytenus ilicifol...

Acetaminophen has been combined with caffeine for therapeutic purpose, but the effect of co-ingestion of acetaminophen and caffeine on exercise performance has not been investigated. To determine the effect of isolated and combined ingestion of caffeineand acetaminophen on performance during a 4-km cycling time-trial (4TT).Elevenmen,completeda4TTonehour...

PurposeTo investigate the relationship between the recovery of neuromuscular fatigue and the recovery of amount of work done above critical power (W´).Methods Ten healthy men performed, on different days, constant work rate exercises until task failure to determine critical power (CP) and W´. In the three following visits, participants performed tw...

The influence of cyclists’ performance levels on caffeine-induced increases in neuromuscular fatigue after a 4-km cycling time trial (TT) was investigated. Nineteen cyclists performed a 4-km cycling TT 1 h after ingesting caffeine (5 mg·kg⁻¹) or placebo (cellulose). Changes from baseline to after exercise in voluntary activation (VA) and potentiate...

The aim of this study was to investigate, in a well-controlled experimental environment, whether air pollution from an urban center would affect inflammatory and cardiorespiratory responses during prolonged moderate exercise (i.e., 90 min). Ten healthy men performed two experimental trials under filtered and polluted air, inside an environmental ch...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224794.].

Some forms of meditation have been recently proposed as effective tools to facilitate the handling of undesired thoughts and reappraisal of negative emotions that commonly arise during exercise-related situations. The effects of meditation-based interventions on psychological responses could also be used as a means by which to increase exercise adh...

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of previous exhaustive upper body exercise on performance and neuromuscular fatigue following a 4-km cycling time-trial (4-km TT). Methods: Eight recreational cyclists performed a 4-km TT with (ARMPRE) or without (CONTR) a previous arm-crank maximal incremental test. In each experimental session, neuromu...

The aim of this study was to develop predictive equations for minute ventilation based on heart rate, and to test the precision of the equations in two forms of endurance exercise. Eighteen men (age 27.8 ± 5.4 years old, maximal oxygen uptake 45.4 ± 8.3 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) performed a maximal progressive cycle test in which minute ventilation and heart...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an audio-guided mindfulness (MF) single session on psychological and psychophysiological responses during an outdoor walking task. Twenty-four participants (12 females and 12 males; Mage = 23.6, SD = 3.9 years) were required to walk 200 m at a pace of their choosing. Two experimental co...

Endurance exercise begun with reduced muscle glycogen stores seems to potentiate skeletal muscle protein abundance and gene expression. However, it is unknown whether this greater signaling responses is due to performing two exercise sessions in close proximity—as a first exercise session is necessary to reduce the muscle glycogen stores. In the pr...

It is necessary to clarify if BM and track and field performance can modulate the perception about RPE-session. The purpose of the present study was to verify if biological maturity and track and field-specific performance can be associated with training load (RPE-session method). Seventy-five young athletes (13-15 years old) of both genders partic...

This study investigated the effect of caffeine on neuromuscular function, power and sprint performance during the days following an eccentric-based exercise. Using a randomly counterbalanced, crossover and double-blinded design, eleven male jumpers and sprinters (age: 18.7 ± 2.7 years) performed a half-squat exercise (4 x 12 repetitions at 70% of 1...

We investigated the effect of caffeine ingestion combined with a 2-wk sprint interval training (SIT) on training-induced reductions in body adiposity. Twenty physically-active men ingested either 5 mg.kg-1 of cellulose (PLA, n = 10) or 5 mg.kg-1 of caffeine (CAF, n = 10) 60 min before each SIT session (13 × 30-s sprint/15 s of rest). Body mass and...

Pacing during a high-intensity cycling time trial (TT) appears to prevent premature task failure, but the performance fatigability during a self-paced exercise is currently unknown. Therefore, the current study characterized the time-course of performance fatigability during a 4-km TT. Eleven male cyclists performed three separated TTs in a crossov...

Objective: This study aimed to verify the acute and prolonged effects of stretch-shortening cycle exercise (SSC) on performance and neuromuscular function following a 4-km cycling time trial (4-km TT). Methods: On separate days, individuals performed a 4-km TT without any previous exercise (CON), immediately (ACUTE) and 48 h after (PROL) SSC pro...

The objective of this study was to verify the agreement between pre programmed and executed pacing during race walking and whether level of the athletes experience and performance influenced this relationship. Twenty-nine national and international race walkers participated in this study (14 males, 24.0±7.1 years old, and 15 females, 23.3±7.3 years...

We compared results of Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) performance of young athletes of two different age categories after correcting body mass (BM) variations by allometric scales. Thirty young judokas (14.2±3.6 years) belonging to two age categories underwent a SJFT: under 15 (U15) years old (12.1±2.4 years; 46.5±15.6 kg; 152.4±11.2 cm) and unde...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-duration creatine monohydrate supplementation on anaerobic capacity (AC), anaerobic energy pathways, and time-to-exhaustion during high-intensity running. Fourteen healthy men underwent a graded exercise test (GXT) followed by a O2max confirmation test, 5 submaximal efforts, and 4 supramaximal ru...

Acetaminophen has been combined with caffeine for therapeutic purpose, but the effect of co-ingestion of acetaminophen and caffeine on exercise performance has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of isolated and combined ingestion of caffeine and acetaminophen on performance during a 4-km cycling time-trial. In...

Purpose We tested the hypothesis that carbohydrate ingestion during exercise improves time trial (TT) performance and that this carbohydrate‐induced improvement is greater when carbohydrates are ingested during exercise in a fasted rather than a fed state. Methods Nine males performed 105 min of constant‐load exercise (50% of the difference betwee...

Endurance exercise begun with reduced muscle glycogen stores seems to potentiate skeletal muscle protein abundance and gene expression. However, it is unknown whether this greater signalling responses is due to low muscle glycogen per se or to performing two exercise sessions in close proximity - as a first exercise session is necessary to reduce t...

Problem Statement: The rating of perceived exertion has been widely used to quantify training load during a given training session. Athletes of different modalities might differently respond to a given imposed training load. Purpose: The present study compared training load responses between runners, throwers and sprinters/jumpers. Methods: Ten you...

Aim: To verify the on and off heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) kinetics during a high-load aerobic exercise and a low-load aerobic exercise, with and without blood flow restriction (BFR). Methods: Fourteen healthy male subjects performed three randomly assigned experimental sessions: 1) 10 minutes walking at 40% of maximal aerobic speed (M...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a single 3-min all-out maximal effort to estimate anaerobic capacity (AC) through the lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) response methods (AC[La-]+EPOCfast) on a cycle ergometer. Eleven physically active men (age = 28.1 ± 4.0 yrs, height = 175.1 ± 4.2 cm, body mass = 74...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mental fatigue, characterized by a subjective feeling of tiredness, on the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a 4-km cycling time trial (4-km TT). Methods Eight recreationally trained male cyclists performed a 4-km TT after either performing a prolonged cognitive task (me...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on biomechanical parameters related to shock attenuation during a session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods: A single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design was adopted to test eight male elite soccer players during HIIT sessions und...

The aim of this study was to verify the effects of caffeine on anaerobic capacity estimated by the sum of the estimated glycolytic [E[La]] and phosphagen [EPCr] metabolism based on blood lactate and excess post-oxygen consumption responses (AC[La−]+EPOCfast). Fourteen male cyclists were submitted to a graded exercise test to determine the maximal o...

Background: Aerobic exercise is recommended to improve health. However, the increased ventilation might increase the doses of inhaled air pollutants, negating the health benefits in highly polluted areas. Our objective was to estimate the inhaled dose of air pollutants during two simulated exercise sessions at cleanest and dirtiest cities reported...

We examined the effect of acute and chronic sprint interval training (SIT), with or without prior caffeine intake, on levels of exercise-induced inflammatory plasma cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α]. Twenty physically-active men ingested either a placebo (n = 10) or caffeine (n = 10) 1 h before each SIT session(13...

The main purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the constant load and self-paced exercise with similar total work on autonomic control after endurance exercise. Ten physically active men were submitted to (i) a maximal incremental exercise test, (ii) a 4-km cycling time trial (4-km TT), and (iii) a constant workload test with identical...

Objectives: The present study analyzes the impact of a strength training program on bioenergetics parameters determined at velocity corresponding to maximal oxygen uptake (vV˙O2max). Methods: Sixteen recreational long-distance runners were divided into strength training (STG, n = 9) and control (CG, n = 7) groups. Before and after 8 weeks, the volu...

In recent years, there have been an increasing number of genetic variants associated with athletic phenotypes. Here, we selected a set of sports‐relevant polymorphisms that have been previously suggested as genetic markers for human physical performance, and we examined their association with athletic status in a large cohort of Brazilians. We eval...

Purpose We investigated the energy system contributions and total energy expenditure during low intensity endurance exercise associated with blood flow restriction (LIE-BFR) and without blood flow restriction (LIE). Methods Twelve males participated in a contra-balanced, cross-over design in which subjects completed a bout of low-intensity enduran...

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reduced pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) availability potentiates fat oxidation after an exhaustive high-intensity exercise bout. Eight physically active men underwent a high-intensity exercise (~ 95% V ̇O2max) until exhaustion under low or high pre-exercise CHO availability. The protocol to mani...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate if the rs11091046 (A>C) polymorphism in AGTR2 gene is associated with athletic status in top-level athletes from Brazil. Since the AGTR2 gene is located on the X chromosome, the case-control association study was done separately for women and men. The female cohort was composed of 205 athletes and 2...

Commentaries on Viewpoint: Resistance training and exercise tolerance during high-intensity exercise: moving beyond just running economy and muscle strength

The link between total work performed above critical power (CP) and peripheral muscle fatigue during self-paced exercise is unknown. We investigated the influence of caffeine on the total work done above CP during a 4-km cycling time trial (TT) and the subsequent consequence on the development of central and peripheral fatigue. Nine cyclists perfor...

Aim The study aimed to verify the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse on time to exhaustion, energy systems contribution and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during a high-intensity exercise. Methods Fourteen men performed an incremental exercise test to determine their maximal oxygen uptake and peak power output (PPO) and two time-to-exhau...

AIMS The purpose of present study was verify if the RPE-training session differs between females and males during the track and field training and if biological maturity (BM) has interference on this response. METHODS Seventy-five athletes (13-15 years old) have participated of study, with 38 male 37 female. Five training sessions of track and fie...

The present study proposed two models (visual and mathematical) to determine the three phases of “U”-pacing profile during a cycling time trial. The reliability of visual model was tested and models were compared. Fifteen cyclists performed a maximal incremental test and two 4-km TT. For the visual model, four experienced evaluators analysed twice...

This study analyzed the influence of a 4-week high-intensity interval training on the pacing strategy adopted by runners during a 5-km running trial. Sixteen male recreational long-distance runners were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, n=8) or a high-intensity interval training group (HIIT, n=8). The HIIT group performed high-intensity in...