Romualdas Malinauskas

• Prof.dr.
• Professor at Lithuanian Sports University

Introduction Imagery as a psychological skill in sports occupies an essential place in the psychological preparation of athletes and is one of the key factors in realizing an athlete’s potential in competitive sports. It’s role in athlete performance, as well as the differences in its use across various sports and demographic groups, has been a com...

Currently, there is a growing interest in measuring mental toughness in Lithuania, but there are no validation measures in place which take contextual factors into account. The scientific problem deals with a limited availability of psychometrically tested mental toughness assessment tools in student populations, specifically within Lithuanian spor...

The main aim of our qualitative research is to find out how foreign students from different Collectivistic countries perceive interpersonal emotion regulation (IER). Using semi-structured interviews as a method of data collection and thematic analysis as a method of data analysis, we found that the majority of participants used IER to provide psych...

Background: We investigated the predictors of poor SRH in a representative sample of Lithuanian mainstream school students in grades 7–8. We also checked for gender differences in the associations between SRH and depressive symptoms and other predictors. Methods: A total of 2104 7th–8th-grade students participated (response rate 73.95%) and were as...

Purpose Assessing the development of skills that ensure personal mental toughness in adolescence is important because adolescents’ increasing autonomy and socialisation during adolescence inevitably create the conditions for an increasing number of external stressors to emerge. Paradoxically, adolescents’ confidence in their ability to cope with ex...

The development of mental toughness in student athletes within sports schools is crucial for identifying strengths and improving weaknesses to optimize performance. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a mental toughness development program for basketball sports school students. Sixty-two male student athletes, aged 15.83 ± 0.37 years, p...

The article addresses the phenomenon of emotion regulation (ER) among university students. Theoretically, our research is based on Gross’s process model of emotion regulation (PMER). This model exemplifies a cognitive approach to the emotion generation and regulation, because a cognitive factor, namely appraisal, is assumed as mediator between stim...

(1) Background: The majority of studies analyzing associations between burnout, gender, and perceived stress have utilized a cross-sectional design. This present longitudinal study investigated associations between burnout, perceived stress, and gender compared during the pre-pandemic Coronavirus and post-pandemic period among Lithuanian university...

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Assessing the development of skills that ensure personal mental toughness in adolescence is important because the increasing autonomy and socialization of adolescents during adolescence inevitably creates the conditions for the emergence of an increasing number of external stressors. Paradoxically, adolescents' confidence in their ability to cope w...

Assessing psychological indicators such as positive behavioral skills in the context of adolescent personality development during the pandemic era is highly relevant: the growing problem of peer disrespect among adolescents who participate in sports has recently become an undeniable scientific issue. This study aimed to analyze positive behavioral...

This study aims to demonstrate that applying rational emotional behavior theory (REBT) concepts can help to improve the psychological adaptation of future coaches in the post-pandemic era. The current research utilizes a qualitative approach with a sample of 14 future coaches, namely, students of the study program “Training systems” at Lithuanian S...

Background: Individual differences in personality and resilience are related to a variety of social behaviors. The current study sought to answer the question of whether BMW drivers exhibit different personality profiles and resilience levels compared with drivers of other car brands. Participants and procedure: An international study was carrie...

In sports, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected variables such as training, recovery or athletes’ sleep quality, uncertainty about the future generating distress and anxiety in athletes. There are two cognitive purpose of the current study: knowledge about the subjectively experienced stress in martial arts athletes from selected Europe Uni...

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated and facilitated the introduction of telework in organizations. This has also impacted the workers' relationship between work and private life. The aim of the current study was to examine the links between resilience and mode of work (stationary vs. remote) and the work-home and homework relationships, and whether...

(1) Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease of the endocardial surface of the heart, caused by infection of the native or prosthetic valve or an indwelling cardiac device. Apart from IE predisposing risk factors that include heart conditions and medical procedures, the novel trajectories from demographic factors to perceived stress con...

University students have been affected by coronavirus outbreak and by the changing study conditions due to the multiple quarantine periods. This paper aimed at investigating the differences of perceived academic stress and perceived and received social support in university undergraduate students during the two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. The c...

(1) Background: Various investigations have confirmed that burnout prevails in intensive and demanding contemporary working environments. Most of these studies have analyzed the associations between emotional exhaustion and various work factors. We studied the gap in the literature by simultaneously considering the three commonly recognized dimensi...

(1) Background: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety and depression among university students during COVID-19 pandemic through a meta-analysis.; (2) Methods: we searched MEDLINE(PubMed), EbscoHost Academic Search Complete, and PsycARTICLES using a combination of “C...

The purpose of the study was to compare performance strategies of cadets and junior basketball players. To achieve this goal, a test of performance strategies (TOPS) was used as an instrument, designed to measure psychological sports skills used both during competition and during practice. The results showed that juniors, in comparison with cadets,...

Background. The hypothesis of this study is formulated as follows: the experience of junior basketball players in competitions will be more valuable than that of cadet basketball players. The aim of our study was to examine the peculiarities of youth and basketball players’ sport experiences. Methods. A total of 104 basketball players, 47 cadets a...

Arabic (Makarowski) ةضاير يف ةيناودع نايبتسا (رارصإ ,ءاطخأ ,ةسكاشم)

This study aimed to examine the impact of implementing an innovative Social-Emotional Skills Training Program in physical education classes at youth schools. This study used two surveys: the Schutte Self-Report Inventory (otherwise known as the Emotional Intelligence Scale) and the Social Skills Rating System (student form). The analysis included 1...

The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of a coach's leadership qualities through the eyes of young and adult basketball players. To achieve this goal, Leadership scale in sports developed by Chelladurai was used as a methodological instrument. It turned out that juniors evaluated the coach's behaviour more positive than adult basketb...

The present study expands the existing literature and supplements today's knowledge on the relationship between personal, psychosocial and lifestyle factors and depressive symptoms among adolescents. The study aimed to investigate the variety of depressive symptoms predictors-personal resources, adverse school and family, health, lifestyle-related...

Background and Study Aim: Studying aggression and aggressiveness among martial arts athletes allows for identifying aspects of the training process, important for the professional and personal development. Makarowski's Aggression Questionnaire has only been published in English in 2013. The aim of the current study is recommendation to researchers,...

Background anBackground and Study Aim: The competition is an unique event which supposes pressure, social and financial stake, in these conditions increasing the athletes’ probability of getting injured. And this probability is higher in the case of new and inexperienced athletes, in which case (mainly), the win-at-all-costs philosophy may lead to...

The appendix includes Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Indian (Marathi and Hindi), Indonesian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Moldavian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak and Spanish versions of the Stimulating and Instrumental Risk Questionnaire for martial arts athletes, together with the...

The main attention in the publication is paid to the competencies of physical education teachers for sport injuries and their prevention. The scientific newness is characterized by the felt lack of scientific works for the analysis of these issues. The sample of the research consisted of 126 physical education teachers (54 women (43 per cent) and 7...

The purpose of the study is to compare the indicators of the physical development of 12 years aged children in the main and preparatory groups of physical fitness. The study of physical development in the main and preparatory groups (among 12 years old boys and girls) was carried out by clinical anthropometry with determination of body length and w...

The purpose of the study is to analyse the characteristics of the psycho-emotional state of future specialists in the field of physical education and sports. To achieve this goal, two methods were used: A. Antonovsky scale for assessing the sense of coherence and a scale for assessing the level of stress tolerance (Thermometer according to Kiselev)...

Background and Study Aims: Success in sports among athletes on a similar level of skill can depend on individual differences in experienced stress and coping strategies. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many areas of life, including sports. The aim of the current study was to measure the differences in experienced stress and the effectiveness of...

The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of mental toughness among cadet and junior basketball players. To achieve this goal, the MTQ48 questionnaire (Mental Toughness Questionnaire 48) was used as a methodological toolkit. The results showed that cadets have higher scores on the «Reaction to the Challenge» and «Control» scales compared...

The article aims to answer the question, what is the dynamics of the future physical education (PE) teachers' sociability in the first decades of the 21st century? The study documented the peculiarities of sociability in future PE teachers in 2001. It was conducted in 2018 and aimed to answer the question of whether the changing social environment...

This study aimed to examine the subject of emotional intelligence (EI), which has received increased attention from scholars over the past few decades. The study utilized a quantitative longitudinal approach to attain the objective of understanding the correlation between EI and psychological well-being. A sample consisting of only male students wa...

The aim of the research was to study the features of the sports experiences among basketball players - cadets and juniors. To achieve this goal, the Sport Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ) developed by Luiggi, Maïano and Griffet was used. The results showed that that basketball players juniors had significantly richer competitive experience and the e...

The aim of the study was to study the leadership characteristics of young and adult basketball players. To achieve this goal Leadership Questionnaire, developed by Northouse, was used. The results showed that leadership styles in adult basketball players are expressed to a greater extent than in young basketball players. Adult basketball players ar...

Background. Studies of various scholars confirm the relation between the application of stress coping strategies and emotional intelligence, but there is a lack of research about the relationship between individual coping strategies and emotional intelligence levels among the first- and the fourth-year students. The aim of the research was to revea...

Background and aims: Although the peculiarities of problematic Internet use and Internet addiction have been analyzed previously by researchers, there is still no general agreement in the literature as to the effectiveness of psychological interventions for Internet addiction deployed among adolescents. This study sought to investigate the effects...

The aim of the study is to answer the question of whether there are significant differences in the professional burnout among different age swimming coaches. To achieve this goal, the CBQ questionnaire was used for investigation of burnout among sport coaches. The results showed that coaches of "middle" age (31-60 years) have a higher scores of bur...

The purpose of the study is to compare the cognitive motives and the motives of personality development among sports medicine specialists with and without using innovative technologies at the center of competence development. The results showed that the cognitive motives among sports medicine specialists during training with the use of innovative t...

The current study explored two constructs (social skills and personal responsibility) in the context of two different types of schools (high and youth schools) and strives to answer the question what are the differences in social skills and personal responsibility between students of high and youth schools. The sample comprised 408 students (203 ma...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of education programs on dance performance in youth sports dancers. Fifty-four subjects (aged 9-11 years) volunteered to participate in a 12 wk education program and were randomly assigned to three groups. The experimental group one (EG-1) trained in Dance sport 2 d.wk ⁻¹ and performed physical t...

This study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and psychological wellbeing in a three-month follow-up study of male athletes. In addition, we examined the mediating role of perceived social support and perceived stress on the relationship between EI and psychological wellbeing. The sample included 398 male athletes...

Tyrimu siekta išsiaiškinti, kokie yra miestų ir rajonų krepšinio sporto mokyklų moksleivių socialiniai įgūdžiai. Mokslinė problema yra ta, kad dar stokojama žinių, ar skiriasi miestų ir rajonų krepšinio sporto mokyklų moksleivių socialinių įgūdžių lygis. Tyrimo tikslas — atskleisti miestų ir rajonų krepšinio sporto mokyklų moksleivių socialinių į...

Norint pasiekti didžiausių laimėjimų sporte, būtina labai stipri valia. Sportininko valia ugdoma fi zinio, techninio, taktinio ir psichologinio rengimo metu. Jaunučių amžius ypač tinkamas krepšinį žaidžiančių berniukų ir mergaičių valios savybėms ugdyti. Parinkdamas sportininkui fi zinį pratimą ir jį dozuodamas, treneris privalo atsižvelgti ir į to...

Atliktas 15—18 metų krepšininkų ir imtynininkų požiūrio į trenerį tyrimas, taip pat analizuota, kaip treneris veikia sportininkų įkvėpimo būseną. Siekiant užsibrėžto tikslo buvo keliami tokie uždaviniai: įvertinti trenerio asmenybės brandą sportininkų akimis, ištirti požiūrį į trenerį pagal jo poveikį sportininkų įkvėpimo būsenai. Keliama prielai...

Straipsnyje keliamas probleminis klausimas: kokia vidurinio mokyklinio amžiaus moksleivių (berniukų ir mergaičių) socialinė adaptacija kūno kultūros pamokų metu. Tikrinama hipotezė, ar berniukų socialinė adaptacija kūno kultūros pamokų metu geresnė nei mergaičių. Tyrimo tikslas — ištirti vidurinio mokyklinio amžiaus moksleivių socialinę adaptacij...

Straipsnyje keliamas probleminis klausimas: kokie sportinės veiklos motyvai būdingi abiejų lyčių atstovams, kokie būdingesni merginoms ar vaikinams, kokie vidiniai ir išoriniai motyvai skatina jaunuolius įsitraukti į šią veiklą. Tikrinama hipotezė, ar krepšinį žaidžiančių studentų vaikinų sportinės veiklos motyvacija yra stipresnė. Tyrimo tiks- l...

Tyrimo tikslas — atskleisti, kokias konfl iktų sprendimo strategijas pasitelkia treneriai, įveikdami konfl iktus su sporti- ninkais. Siekiant užsibrėžto tikslo buvo sprendžiami tokie uždaviniai: nustatyti, kokias konfl ikto sprendimo strategijas (konkuravimo, prisitaikymo, kompromiso vengimo, bendradarbiavimo) pasitelkia individualių ir komandinių sp...

This study investigated differences between retrospective attitudes of adults towards the assessment system in physical education in the former Soviet Republic of Lithuania according to gender, education, age, and physical activity. The research sample comprised 1,115 participants (510 male and 605 female, 524 35 – 45 years old 591 46 – 55 years ol...

This study investigated the role of gender as a potential predictor of health behaviour and potential moderator of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health behaviour. This cross-sectional study included 1214 students (597 males and 617 females). Data were collected using the Schutte Self-Report Inventory and the Health Behaviour C...

Supplementary Material 1: graphs of the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between all emotional intelligence indicators and health behaviour components.

Background. This article deals with the issue of the manifestation of emotional intelligence in Lithuanian and Latvian student athletes. Emotional intelligence has been suggested as providing a new perspective on how emotional competencies necessary for performance in today’s workplace among would-be physical educators might be more effective an...

Research background and hypothesis. An assumption that the fourth-year students of university physical education and sports study programmes have greater career self-efficacy than the first-year students is made in the article. Research aim was to reveal peculiarities of the expression of the career self-efficacy of the students enrolled in univ...

Background. The study analyses sport as the basic contents of leisure in biodromal perspective ad the ascetic lifestyle of an athlete. Ascetic lifestyle is observed not only as it contributes to the best performances, but also to lifelong participation including, for instance, long-distance runners with the stage of minimally 20 years of competi...

Athlete must recognize and manage one’s emotions, as well as their opponents and teammates emotions, in order to perform well in sports. For athletes, higher emotional skills have been linked to higher performance in sports. Purpose: to reveal the peculiarities of the expression of emotional skills among individual and team sports male athletes....

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between lifetime traumatic experiences and leisure physical inactivity among adolescent boys and to determine to what extent those associations are mediated by posttraumatic stress symptoms, unhealthy behaviors (smoking, alcohol use), the daily consumption of fresh fruit, and sense o...

In this study, the effectiveness of an educational programme for enhancing social self-efficacy prepared for basketball-playing students was investigated. Fifty-four male basketball-playing students (Mage = 16.47; SD = .73), practicing on two teams, participated in this study. The teams were randomly assigned into an experimental (n=26) and a contr...

The associations between lifetime traumatic events (TEs), posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, and disordered eating (DE) were studied in a sample of 614 university students (mean age 20 years). An anonymous questionnaire included 32 lifetime TEs, IES-revised measured PTS symptoms, and EAT-26 evaluated DE symptoms. Statistical analyses included Pea...

Poor mental health, manifesting as psychological distress, has become a leading problem recently; therefore, determining associated factors is important, especially in female-dominated occupations, as women are more prone to psychological distress than men, in part due to demands of both professional and domestic tasks. The objective of the present...

Poor mental health, manifesting as psychological distress, has become a leading problem recently; therefore, determining associated factors is important, especially in female-dominated occupations, as women are more prone to psychological distress than men, in part due to demands of both professional and domestic tasks. The objective of the present...

In this study, the effectiveness of training module on enhancing self-efficacy in teacher education students was investigated. Sixty-eight (68) teacher education students (M age = 22.74; SD = .57) participated in this study, 36 of whom were assigned to an experimental group and the other 32 were assigned to a control group. The training module on e...

Research aim was to analyze peculiarities of education of social responsibility among football sports school students. We hypothesized that after the educational program sport school students will have more developed social responsibility. The total sample comprised 52 male students. Experimental group consisted of 26 and the control group of 26 fo...

The purpose of the study was to compare the performance of tactical and technical actions of playing activities among strikers of Continental and Higher Hockey League (KHL and VHL). To achieve this goal analytical method was employed. As the material was used individual performance statistics of twenty best strikers of KHL VHL in the season 2014-20...

Research aim was to reveal peculiarities of the education of social skills among senior high school age students in physical education classes. We hypothesized that after the end of the educational experiment the senior high school age students will have more developed social skills in physical education classes. Participants in the study were 51 p...

The present work focuses on the aspects of sport values of professional athletes and future sports area employees. After analyzing the fundamental values of sports values and the pursuit of victorious results, negative interrelation was observed. Thus, the researches of sport values of professional athletes and future sports area employees, remains...

The problem of this research can be defined by the following research question: what is the dynamics of values held by future sport pedagogues in the last decade? The study in 2004 documented number characteristics of values among future sport pedagogues. The study conducted in 2014 aimed to answer the question of whether the changing social enviro...

Ugdomuoju eksperimentu atskleista ugdymo programos įtaka sportuojančių moksleivių situaciniams socialiniams įgūdžiams. Eksperimento metu taikytos pedagoginio poveikio priemonės turėjo teigiamą įtaką moksleivių situaciniams įgūdžiams: mokėti atsisakyti, reaguoti į pastabas, mokėti prieštarauti, atsiprašyti, pripažinti klydus, pradėti pokalbį, mokėti...

Ugdomojo eksperimento duomenimis, nustatyti ženklesni eksperimentinės grupės empatijos pokyčiai, palyginti su kontroline grupe. Po socialinio rengimo eksperimentinės grupės tiriamųjų empatijos kognityvaus ir emocinio komponentų lygis buvo statistiškai patikimai aukštesnis.

Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti sporto pedagogų socialinės parengties raidą socialinio rengimo kontekstu. Darbe išryškinta studentų (būsimųjų sporto pedagogų) socialinės parengties priklausomybė nuo pedagoginės praktikos kaip vienos iš svarbiausių socialinio rengimo formos. Nustatyta, kad, atlikę pedagoginę praktiką studentai (būsimieji sporto peda...

straipsnyje analizuojami būsimųjų sporto pedagogų socialinės atsakomybės ypatumai prieš socialinį rengimą ir po jo. Buvo tirti šie studentų socialinės atsakomybės komponentai: karjeros kontrolė, tarpasmeninių santykių kontrolė, veiklos sėkmės kontrolė. Remiantis reprezentatyvios Lietuvos kūno kultūros akademijos studentų imties tyrimo duomenimis, n...

Ugdomojo eksperimento duomenimis, nustatyti ženklesni eksperimentinės grupės socialinių įgūdžių lygio pokyčiai, palyginti su kontrolinės grupės. Po socialinio rengimo eksperimentinės grupės tiriamųjų emocinio ekspresyvumo, emocinio jautrumo, socialinio ekspresyvumo ir socialinio jautrumo lygis buvo statistiškai patikimai aukštesnis.

Lietuvos švietimo reformos sąlygomis mokyklos laukia profesionalių, pasirengusių bendrauti ir bendradarbiauti mokytojų. Kuriant Lietuvoje mokymo sistemą, būtina ugdyti mokytojo poreikį nuolat mokytis ir įkvėpti kitus. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojama, kokius socialinius (profesinius) vaidmenis tobulai atlikti yra svarbiausia. Parengti pedagogą šių la...

This longitudinal study investigated the psychological wellbeing and self-esteem of students during the transition between secondary school and university. The sample comprised 197 students (82 male; 115 female). The mean age of the students at the start of the study was 18.54 years (SD = 0.78). Students completed measures of psychological wellbein...

This article draws from a study exploring the relationship between the Physical Education (PE) programme in the former Soviet State of Lithuania (more than 20 years ago) and present-day physical activity levels of Lithuanian citizens aged 35 years and older. Discussion embraces the differences in attitudes among physically active people aged 35+ an...

Background. The paper strives to answer the question what is optimism expression for middle school age students in physical education classes. The following hypothesis was tested: optimism expression of boys would be higher than those of girls. The aim of our study was to examine the optimism expression for middle school age students in physical...

This work attempts to find the levels of self-efficacy and leadership in students enrolled in physical education and sport study programmes and how they differ between those who are enrolled in the first year and those who reached the final year of their studies. The aim of the study is to determine changes in the levels of self-efficacy and leader...

Abstract The study aimed to investigate the associations between physical inactivity and health complaints in relation to posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, behavioral and nutritional factors, and sense of coherence (SOC) in eighth-grade girls enrolled in secondary schools in Kaunas, Lithuania. A random sample of girls (N = 862) was interviewed a...

The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the peculiarities of emotional skills among senior high school age students in physical education classes because the significance of emotional intelligence for students is a subject of continuous scientific discussions. The independent random sample consisted of 212 (15 – 16 years old) students and...

This article deals with questions of indicators of empathy display among future physiotherapists. Two methods were used to carry out the survey: V. Boiko empathy abilities questionnaire has been used to identify empathy components‟ levels and I. Jusupov‟s questionnaire of empathy level diagnostics has been used to identify empathy general level. Th...

This article deals with questions of indicators of empathy display among future physiotherapists. Two methods were used to carry out the survey: V. Boiko empathy abilities questionnaire has been used to identify empathy components’ levels and I. Jusupov’s questionnaire of empathy level diagnostics has been used to identify empathy general level. Th...

The dynamics of personal values and values pertaining to the meaning of life held by future sport teachers was investigated. The two surveys used were the Rokeach Value Survey for identification of the most important personal values and the Leontiev Life Meaning Orientations Test for the evaluation of values pertaining to the meaning of life (defin...

The paper strives to answer the question what is psychosocial adjustment among students of senior school age of youth and secondary schools. The following hypothesis was tested: psychosocial adjustment among students of youth and secondary schools differed. Students of senior school age (16—18 years old) were separated in randomize way from Kaunas...