Roman Prem

University of Vienna | UniWien · Fakultät für Psychologie

In the conceptualization of thriving at work, it is emphasized that employees’ learning and vitality are two equally important components of thriving and that thriving is facilitated by contextual features and available resources. In this study, we examined the effects of two challenge stressors (time pressure and learning demands) on thriving at w...

Previous meta-analyses showed that challenge stressors are, though stressful, also motivating. However, their hypothesised gains related to learning are less well understood. In addition to the lack of meta-analytical assessments, there are conflicting theoretical perspectives on the learning effects of challenge stressors. In contrast to the chall...

We expand research on the daily dynamics of employee effectiveness at work by integrating the core tenets of the Conservation of Resources Theory with the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions. Specifically, we argue that daily work-related self-control demands as a stressor deplete employees’ regulatory resources, which in turn impair work...

A common theme across phenomena like vitality, vigor, and fatigue is that they all refer to some aspect of energy. Since experience sampling methodology has become a major approach, there is a significant need for a time-effective and valid measure of energetic activation. In this study, we develop and examine the validity of a single-item pictoria...

Particularly in knowledge-intensive jobs, employees are increasingly challenged by complex and dynamically changing work tasks. These developments make it difficult for employees to anticipate a day's upcoming work tasks and associated activities including methods, time requirements, and potential problems arising in the work process. We present th...

This study investigates how cognitive demands resulting from employer‐oriented flexibility (i.e. to coordinate with others, to structure work tasks and to organize work and private obligations) relate to work–home outcomes among health care professionals. To understand the underlying psychological mechanisms of the relationship between cognitive de...

Due to increased telework as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the literature has called for exploring the impacts of imposed telework on work‐ and well‐being‐related outcomes. To answer this call, we investigated the effects of the amount of telework on perceived productivity, work engagement, and social isolation during the beginning of the pand...

We have adapted the battery scale - a single-item pictorial scale of energetic activation - to many commonly spoken languages (e.g., Chinese). If you want to apply the battery scale in a language other than English, please take a look at the list of translations provided in the open science framework folder. If your target language is not listed fe...

This study concerns research on self-regulation. It examines the effects of planning behaviour, a comprehensive self-regulatory strategy of goal setting, planning work steps, and developing alternative plans. Combining different strategies , rather than testing them in isolation, would strengthen their effects and make them more appropriate for com...

Sleep plays an essential role in maintaining employees’ health and well-being. However, stressors, such as conflict at work, may interfere with employees’ sleep. Drawing on previous literature on the relationship between conflict at work and sleep outcomes, we proposed a negative relationship between daily conflict at work and physiological changes...

Cognitive demands of flexible work are the specific cognitive demands of planning of working times, planning of working places, structuring of work tasks, and coordinating with others that arise from flexible work organization. Although these demands have become increasingly widespread their consequences are not well understood. We propose that cog...

Due to the increased flexibilization of work, more and more employees are required to structure their own work and coordinate it with others and thus need to handle the cognitive demands of flexible work. However, research to date has not provided clear results regarding the impact of these cognitive demands on employees. The purpose of this study...

Technological developments and the increase of flexible working conditions are accompanied by new cognitive demands on employees. In highly flexible work, there is an increased need for planning of working times and for planning of working places, for structuring of work tasks, and for coordinating with others. On the one hand, these new demands re...

With globalization, digitalization, and the spread of information and communication technologies, rules regulating work have been softened or completely abolished. Consequently, employees face additional cognitive demands to plan, structure, and coordinate their work. To capture these demands of contemporary work, we constructed and initially valid...

We expand research on the daily dynamics of employee effectiveness at work by integrating conservation of resources theory with a broaden-and-built perspective on positive emotions. Specifically, we expect that on days with high work-related self-control demands, employees experience regulatory resource depletion, which makes them less effective at...

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine the reciprocal relationship between safety professionals perceived organizational support (POS) and perceived safety climate. Safety professionals are most effective when they perceive support from management and employees and they also attribute most of their success to support from the o...

We integrate perspectives from research on recovery from work and perspectives from day‐of‐week research to predict continuous as well as discontinuous changes in vitality and fatigue. We examine whether changes in recovery experiences and sleep quality predict changes in human energy over the course of the weekend. Furthermore, we consider positiv...

With globalization, digitization, and the spread of information and communication technologies, rules regulating work have been softened or completely abolished. As a consequence, employees face additional cognitive demands to plan, structure, and coordinate their work. In order to capture these demands of contemporary work, we constructed and vali...

With globalization, digitalization, and the spread of information and communication technologies, rules regulating work have been softened or completely abolished. As a consequence, employees face additional cognitive demands to plan, structure, and coordinate their work. In order to capture these demands of contemporary work, we constructed and in...

A weekly study on workers’ telework experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Preliminary results after the first three weeks of telework.

Purpose Non-technical skills are of increasing importance for safety engineers to perform their job. In their position as expert consultants, they work closely with managers. Thus, gaining management support is oftentimes crucial for safety engineers to successfully improve occupational health and safety. Drawing on organizational support theory (O...

This report uses European Working Conditions Survey data to examine working conditions and their implications for worker’s health. Ensuring the sustainability of work in the context of ageing populations implies a greater number of people in employment who can remain in the workforce for longer. The report examines the interplay between work demand...

Recent changes in the world of work have led to increased job demands with subsequent effects on occupational safety. Although work intensification has been linked to detrimental safety behavior and more accidents, there is so far no sufficient explanation for this relationship. This paper investigates the mediating roles of safety climate, safety...

Background The initial preference task (IPT) is an implicit measure that has featured prominently in the literature and enjoys high popularity because it offers to provide an unobtrusive and objective assessment of self-esteem that is easy to administer. However, its use for self-esteem assessment may be limited because of weak associations with di...

Characteristics of included samples. (DOCX)

References of included and excluded studies. (DOC)

R-code for included analyses. (DOCX)

Procrastination is a form of self-regulation failure characterized by the irrational delay of tasks despite potentially negative consequences. Previous research on procrastination was mainly conducted in academic settings, oftentimes combined with a focus on individual differences. As a consequence, scholarly knowledge about how situational factors...

Following the publication online of this article, the authors would like correct the last sentence on Page 115: “Challenge appraisal positively affected learning but had no effect on vitality, whereas hindrance appraisal had no effect on learning but was POSITIVELY related to vitality.” The sentence should have read as “Challenge appraisal positiv...

This book chapter explores how changes in work environments due to societal, economic, and technological change may affect day-level within-person processes of action regulation, cognitive appraisal, and motivation. First, short overviews of action regulation theory (e.g., Frese and Zapf 1994), cognitive appraisal theories (e.g., Lazarus and Folkma...

Today’s workforce is often faced with high levels of time pressure. According to the challenge-hindrance stressor framework, high levels of time pressure should have an ambivalent relationship with task performance because time pressure increases both motivation and strain. To investigate these ambivalent relationships of time pressure in daily wor...

Our diary study with 124 knowledge workers (5 workdays, 3 measurement occasions per workday) shows that challenge stressors (time pressure, learning demands) differentially affect both components of thriving at work (learning, vitality). Further, cognitive appraisals of the work situation (challenge, hindrance) are used to explain these differentia...

Our research aimed at disentangling the underlying processes of the adverse relationship between regulatory job stressors and ego depletion. Specifically, we analyzed whether state anxiety and self-control effort would mediate the within-person relationships of time pressure, planning and decision-making, and emotional dissonance with ego depletion...

Time pressure has become an integral part of modern working life that affects large parts of the working population. As a challenge stressor, time pressure has been shown to have both beneficial as well as adverse relationships with work outcomes. Although such ambivalent relationships with work outcomes are well documented in the literature, previ...

Due to economic and technological changes, work has intensified over the past few decades. This intensification of work takes a toll on employees’ well-being and job satisfaction. To explain the effects of work intensification on its outcomes we draw on the transactional stress model and examine the mediating role of cognitive appraisal. Furthermor...

Our experience sampling study with 97 eldercare workers (721 measurement occasions) shows that self-control effort (e.g., Diestel & Schmidt, 2011) can explain relationships of job stressors (workload, planning and decision-making, emotional dissonance) with ego depletion. Further, job control mitigates the indirect relationship of workload with ego...

Modern societies are currently undergoing accelerated social change (see also Chap. 4). In this chapter, we are interested in whether these societal changes influence individual working conditions. More specifically, it is argued that the speeding up of production, consumption, and decision processes due to the implementation of new information and...

A diary instrument that could be used as a macroergonomic evaluation tool was developed and applied to evaluating monitoring tasks. In the first part of the study, the development of the instrument allowing the measurement of employee evaluations of perceived workload, attained performance, and strain is presented. Railway signalers and controllers...

The study investigated the role of recovery and detachment in the break period between two shifts for fatigue in the current shift. A time-based paper-and-pencil diary study was carried out observing sixty-four railway controllers over ten consecutive working shifts. The results demonstrated that fatigue in the current shift was not only affected b...

The present diploma thesis was written within the framework of a research project carried out by the University of Vienna and the Austrian Federal Railways Infrastruktur AG. It deals with stress and strain in the daily work life of signallers and dispatchers working at the control center BFZ Innsbruck, who monitor and control the rail traffic of we...