Romain Julliard

Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle · Département Écologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité

The analysis of biological and ecological traits has a long history in evolutionary and ecological research. However, trait data are often scattered and standardised terminology that transcends taxonomic and biogeographical context are generally missing. As part of the development of a global trait database of marine species, we collated trait info...

Owing to their prevalence in nowadays terrestrial ecosystems, insects are a relevant group to assess the impact of mass extinctions on emerged land. However, limitations of the insect fossil record make it difficult to assess the impact of such events based on taxonomic diversity alone. Therefore, we documented trends in morphological diversity, i....

Thermal adjustment of waterbird communities to climate warming is crucial but hampered by natural habitat conversion, increasing their climatic debt. As it is, in contrast, facilitated in protected areas, assessing the adequacy of the current protected areas network with respect to future climate and land-use changes and identifying priority sites...

Citizen science projects are valued for their impact on participants' knowledge, attitude and behavior towards science. In this paper, we explore how participation in biodiversity citizen science projects is correlated to different dimensions of trust in science. We conduct a quantitative study through an online survey of 1,199 individuals, 586 of...

Ecology is broad and relies on several complementary approaches to study the mechanisms driving the distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions. One of them is citizen science, the co-production of scientific data and knowledge by non-professional scientists, in collaboration with or under the direction of professional scientists...

The analysis of biological and ecological traits has a long history in evolutionary and ecological research. However, trait data are often scattered and standardised terminology that transcends taxonomic and biogeographical context are generally missing. As part of the development of a global trait database of marine species, we collated trait info...

Identifying sites that are both important for biodiversity and likely to be heavily affected by anthropogenic pressures in the future is crucial to settle priorities in the implementation of conservation measures, such as the designation of new protected areas. Although assessing the exposure of terrestrial Key Biodiversity Areas to global change w...

Pollination is essential for many crops since 70% of the world's cultivated plants depend on pollinators for their production. Floral resources within cultivated areas, especially those produced by flowering crops such as oilseed rape, are known to have a positive effect on wild pollinators. Nevertheless, little is known about the contribution of o...

This chapter assesses the feasibility of using natural history collections to trace temporal changes in species distribution and community composition using the example of macroalgae that are preserved as herbaria. The preservation of plants in herbaria began during the Renaissance. This technique required paper and became widespread in the 18th ce...

This paper offers a comparative evaluation of the scientific impact of a citizen science program in ecology, ''Vigie-Nature", managed by the French National Museum of Natural History. Vigie-Nature consists of a national network of amateur observatories dedicated to a participative study of biodiversity in France that has been running for the last t...

Conservationists have identified global biodiversity hotspots that are both important for biodiversity and heavily affected by anthropogenic pressures, and, within these regions, Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) i.e. sites where priority conservation measures should be implemented. However, in a context of global change, it is also crucial to target s...

Les collections naturalistes ont désormais acquis une place inédite dans la recherche scientifique. Constituées à l’origine par la systématique et la taxonomie, elles se révèlent aujourd’hui fondamentales pour répondre à diverses questions scientifiques et sociétales, aussi importantes qu’actuelles.Les collections naturalistes dans la science du XX...

The goal of the mitigation hierarchy is to counteract the losses of biodiversity due to development projects by avoiding, reducing and as a last resort, by offsetting these losses. However, the implementation of offset measures is currently very unsatisfactory from a biodiversity perspective, and many development projects do not incorporate them. H...

In the recent years, several citizen science platforms for biodiversity monitoring have emerged. These platforms represent a powerful tool for collecting biodiversity data for researchers and increasing the knowledge of participants. Typical biodiversity data are species names observed at a given time and place by numerous participants. The use of...

The European Union's Natura 2000 (N2000) is among the largest international networks of protected areas. One of its aims is to secure the status of a predetermined set of (targeted) bird and butterfly species. However, nontarget species may also benefit from N2000. We evaluated how the terrestrial component of this network affects the abundance of...

Biodiversity offsetting is usually the last step in the mitigation hierarchy and aims to compensate for impacts of development projects on biodiversity. It is supposed to contribute to the key environmental objective of “no net loss” of biodiversity by delivering gains equivalent to losses. We hypothesize that such gains can only be attained throug...

Citizen science has become a mainstream approach for collecting data on biodiversity. However, not all biodiversity monitoring programs achieve the goal of collecting datasets that can be used in robust scientific inquiries. Data quality and the capacity to engage participants in the long-term are the most challenging issues. We compared two method...

This addendum is motivated by criticisms of the concerned paper by wind developers who raised a potential altitude bias, wind turbines being most often positioned higher than their surrounding environment. Despite altitude vary very little in the study area, we believed it was valuable to control for this potential confounding effect and thus to en...

Assessing the state and trend of biodiversity in the face of anthropogenic threats requires large‐scale and long‐time monitoring, for which new recording methods offer interesting possibilities. Reduced costs and a huge increase in storage capacity of acoustic recorders have resulted in an exponential use of passive acoustic monitoring ( PAM ) on a...

Changes in species concepts and the rapid advances in DNA-based taxonomy and phylogeny of the past decades have led to increasing splits of single species into several new species. The consequences of such splits include the delineation of post-split species that may have restricted ranges and potentially increased extinction risks. Species splitti...

Biodiversity is being lost at an unprecedented rate, and monitoring is crucial for understanding the causal drivers and assessing solutions. Most biodiversity monitoring data are collected by volunteers through citizen science projects, and often crucial information is lacking to account for the inevitable biases that observers introduce during dat...

Wind energy is rapidly growing as a renewable source of energy but is not neutral for wildlife, especially bats. Whereas most studies have focused on bat mortality through collision, very few have quantified the loss of habitat use resulting from the potential negative impact of wind turbines, and none of them for hub heights higher than 55 m. Such...

The Natura 2000 network (N2000) is currently the largest coordinated network of protected areas in the world, and focuses on the conservation of most valuable and threatened species and habitats in Europe. Although there has been several assessments of N2000, few studies have looked at the long-term effect of this protection network on biodiversity...

While many observations of species are being collected by citizen science projects worldwide, it can be challenging to identify projects collecting data that effectively monitor biodiversity. Over the past several years the allure of taking a big data approach has provided the opportunity to gather massive quantities of observations via the Interne...

A contribution by Wilson and colleagues (2017) pointed out a lack of basic knowledge on bee diversity in the general public, this despite massive worldwide support to protect these charismatic organisms. Such discrepancy may hinder conservation efforts. Promoting knowledge on pollinator diversity in the general public is challenging given the thous...

We develop a new statistical procedure to monitor, with opportunist data, relative species abundances and their respective preferences for dierent habitat types. Following Giraud et al. (2015), we combine the opportunistic data with some standardized data in order to correct the bias inherent to the opportunistic data collection. Our main contribut...

Depuis 1989 avec le programme STOC (Suivi temporel des oiseaux communs), mais surtout depuis 2006 et les débuts de Vigie-Nature, un laboratoire du Muséum national d’histoire naturelle contribue avec un ensemble de partenaires à mettre en place un vaste programme de science participative dont l’objectif est d’alimenter des bases de données d’observa...

Survey techniques available to sample mammals have multiplied during the last decades. They offer new opportunities for sampling and monitoring populations, but before widespread use they need to be validated and calibrated to more traditional approaches. We conducted a quantitative assessment of hair tubes designed to monitor common small mammals...

The increased use of pesticides and tillage intensification is known to negatively affect biodiversity. Changes in these agricultural practices such as herbicide and tillage reduction have variable effects among taxa, especially at the top of the trophic network including insectivorous bats. Very few studies compared the effects of agricultural pra...

Human-driven global change is causing ongoing declines in biodiversity worldwide. In order to address these declines, decision-makers need accurate assessments of the status of and pressures on biodiversity. However, these are heavily constrained by incomplete and uneven spatial, temporal and taxonomic coverage. For instance, data from regions such...

Body size is implicated in individual fitness and population dynamics. Mounting interest is being given to the effects of environmental change on body size, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We tested whether body size and body condition are related to ambient temperature (heat maintenance hypothesis), or/and explained by variati...

Limites actuelles dans l’évaluation de l’impact des éoliennes par mortalité et les conséquences sur l’application de la séquence ERC. Étude du respect des recommandations EUROBATS et description d’un nouveau type d’impact jusqu’ici ignoré ou presque dans la littérature scientifique et dans les procédures d’évaluations environnementales, avec les co...

Cet article fait partie du dossier "Des recherches participatives dans la production des savoirs liés à l’environnement "

Data produced by biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in [marine] environmental management. The lack of specific scientific objectives, poor organizational logic, and a characteristically disorganized collection of information leads to a decentraliz...

Les projets éoliens représentent un cas particulier pour la mise en application de la séquence ERC. En effet beaucoup d’incertitudes persistent, notamment en ce qui concerne l’efficacité de la réduction et plus encore de la compensation. De nombreuses études démontrent que nous ne savons pas prédire et quantifier les impacts futurs d’un parc éolien...

In a European collapse context of many farming species, solutions should be found to stop these losses. Due to intensification of the most part of agriculture, improvements are easily accessible such as input and soil tillage reduction. Such changes are known to have positive effects on biodiversity. However, in some cases negative effects are dete...

Wind farm developers have to provide an effective mitigation hierarchy: an avoidance and a reduction of negative impacts of wind farm on biodiversity (bats in our case), and to implement offsetting measures when residual impacts persist. Offsetting consists in implementing measures (e.g. hedgerows) that counteract residual losses of biodiversity an...

Monitoring the status and trends of species is critical to their conservation and management. However, the current state of biodiversity monitoring is insufficient to detect such for most species and habitats, other than in a few localised areas. One of the biggest obstacles to adequate monitoring is the lack of local capacity to carry out such pro...

Data produced by biodiversity research projects that evaluate and monitor Good Environmental Status have a high potential for use by stakeholders involved in [marine] environmental management. The lack of specific scientific objectives, poor organizational logic, and a characteristically disorganized collection of information leads to a decentraliz...

Wind farm developers have to provide an effective avoidance and a reduction of the negative impacts on biodiversity (bats in our case), and to implement offset measures when residual impacts persist. Offsetting consists in implementing measures (e.g. hedgerows) that counteract the residual loss of biodiversity and generate gains through management...

In a production framework of multi-source data in ecology, the equivalence of observation systems and inter-calibration become crucial. Increasingly, integrative trans-disciplinary approaches become necessary in the study of systems where measurement in each discipline is patchy, imprecise and badly distributed. Yet all the variables (biotic, abiot...

We investigated the interacting impacts of urban landscape and gardening practices on the species richness and total abundance of communities of common butterfly communities across France, using data from a nationwide monitoring scheme. We show that urbanization has a strong negative impact on butterfly richness and abundance but that at a local sc...

Background: Space-for-time substitution-that is, the assumption that spatial variations of a system can explain and predict the effect of temporal variations-is widely used in ecology. However, it is questionable whether it can validly be used to explain changes in biodiversity over time in response to land-cover changes. Hypothesis: Here, we hy...

Data set. (XLSX)

Simplified method applied to the initial set of landscape metrics. (DOCX)

Results of the simplified method. (DOCX)

Results of the analyses including the heterogeneity variables in the PCA of landscape configuration. (DOCX)

Variables coordinates on axis of (A) the initial composition variables with the three selected axes of the CA of the composition, (B) the initial configuration variables with the seven selected axes of the PCA of the configuration (C) the initial configuration variables with the seven selected axes of the PCA of the configuration when configuration...

Description of the data set. (DOCX)

Ecological processes, spatial patterns and landscape descriptions. (DOCX)

Populations of migratory songbirds in western Europe show considerable variation in population trends between both species and regions. The demographic and environmental causes of these large-scale patterns are poorly understood. Using data from Constant Effort mist-netting studies, we investigated relationships between changes in abundance, adult...

Influence des éoliennes sur la fréquentation des haies et leurs abords par les Chiroptères