Roger L Waite

San Diego State University | SDSU

In 1969 we used precision to land on the moon, so why can't we use precision medicine to stop the opiate/opioid epidemic in America? The genomics era has brought forth new hope for the future of medicine and, in particular, a better understanding of psychiatry. We now understand the important 296roles of DNA, polymorphic associations, and brain rew...

DNA Customization of nutraceutical products is here. In the truest sense, "Gene Guided Precision Nutrition(™)" and KB220 variants (a complex mixture of amino-acids, trace metals, and herbals) are the pioneers and standard-bearers for a state of the art DNA customization. Findings by both, Kenneth Blum, Ph.D. and Ernest Noble, Ph.D. concerning the r...

The connection between religion/spirituality and deviance, like substance abuse, was first made by Durkheim who defined socially expected behaviors as norms. He explained that deviance is due in large part to their absence (called anomie), and concluded that spirituality lowers deviance by preserving norms and social bonds. Impairments in brain rew...

Introduction: Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a noninvasive therapy that has been used for decades in the United States to treat anxiety, depression, and insomnia in the general population. The effectiveness of CES has been questioned by many and its use is considered controversial. In this study we are presenting data on one alcoholic...

This paper serves to encourage quantum physicists to engage in psychiatric based research on the brain and its functions (i.e., consciousness, memory, attention). By using physics theorems such as Einstein's theory of relativity and the string theory, both physicists and geneticists alike may be able to elucidate potential links between components...

Background and aims: Many patients presenting multiple behaviors including drug and food abuse as well as other pathological repetitive unwanted activities such as gambling, self-mutilation and paraphilias may not be appropriately diagnosed. Here we present a case of a male presenting many of these seemingly diverse behaviors and finally diagnosed...

A GREAT ARTICLE FOR ALL TO UNDERSTAND RDS

This article co-authored by a number of scientists, ASAM physicians, clinicians, treatment center owners, geneticists, neurobiologists, psychologists, social workers, criminologists, nurses, nutritionist, and students, is dedicated to all the people who have lost loved ones in substance-abuse and "reward deficiency syndrome" related tragedies. Why...

While numerous studies support the efficacy of methadone and buprenorphine for the stabilization and maintenance of opioid dependence, clinically significant opioid withdrawal symptoms occur upon tapering and cessation of dosage. We present a case study of a 35 year old Caucasian female (Krissie) who was prescribed increasing dosages of prescriptio...

In accord with the new definition of addiction published by American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) it is well-known that individuals who present to a treatment center involved in chemical dependency or other documented reward dependence behaviors have impaired brain reward circuitry. They have hypodopaminergic function due to genetic and/or...

Substance use disorders (SUD) are inheritable and the culprit is hypodopaminergic function regulated by reward genes. We evaluated a natural dopaminergic agonist; KB220 intravenous (IV) and oral variants, to improve dopaminergic function in SUD. Our pilot experiment found a significant reduction of chronic symptoms, measured by the Chronic Abstinen...

Executive functions are processes that act in harmony to control behaviors necessary for maintaining focus and achieving outcomes. Executive dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders is attributed to structural or functional pathology of brain networks involving prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its connections with other brain regions. The PFC receives...

Unlabelled: Abnormal behaviors involving dopaminergic gene polymorphisms often reflect an insufficiency of usual feelings of satisfaction, or Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS). RDS results from a dysfunction in the "brain reward cascade," a complex interaction among neurotransmitters (primarily dopaminergic and opioidergic). Individuals with a fami...

Effects of repeated H-Wave® device stimulation (HWDS) on blood flow and angiogenesis in the rat hind limb were studied. The hypothesis tested was that HWDS acutely increases hind limb blood flow, and that repeated HWDS would elicit angiogenesis. Animals were HWDS-conditioned (``Conditioned'') or sham-stimulated (``Sham'') (n = 5/group) daily for 3...

Despite progress that has been made in the treatment of obesity, the epidemic continues to rise worldwide. While pharmacological treatment of obesity may be effective, medications may have significant side effects and can be potentially fatal. This review will provide significant evidence to substantiate the existence of Reward Deficiency Syndrome...

Despite progress that has been made in the treatment of obesity, the epidemic continues to rise worldwide. While pharmacological treatment of obesity may be effective, medications may have significant side effects and can be potentially fatal. This review will provide significant evidence to substantiate the existence of Reward Deficiency Syndrome...

Schematic of Brain reward Cascade Normal and abnormal representation. (A) represents the normal physiologic state of the neurotransmitter interaction at the mesolimbic region of the brain. Briefly, serotonin in the hypothalamus stimulates neuronal projections of methionine enkephalin in the hypothalamus that, in turn, inhibits the release of GABA i...

Acupuncture is a very ancient form of healing which predates recorded history. The philosophy is rooted in the Taoist tradition which goes back over 8000 years. To date this practice although used world-wide to treat addictive behaviors has not been generally accepted or scientifically proven. There are however many positive reports in the literatu...

This document presents evidence supporting the role of the KB220/KB220Z neuroadaptagens consisting of amino-acid neurotransmitter precursors and enkephalinase-catecholamine-methyl-transferase (COMT) inhibition therapy called Neuroadaptagen Amino Acid Therapy (NAAT) in brain reward function. It is becoming increasingly clear that this novel formulat...

Using fMRI, Menon and Levitin and Salimpoor et al. clearly show that listening to music strongly modulates activity in a network of mesolimbic structures involved in reward processing including the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA), as well as the hypothalamus, and insula, which are thought to be involved in regulating au...

The total population of the United States at the turn of the 21 st century was 281,421,906. The total number of people above the age of 12 years old was estimated at 249 million. The National Institutes on Drug Abuse and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) have surveyed persons age 12 and older and found that in t...

Background and Hypothesis: Although the biological underpinnings of immediate and protracted trauma-related responses are extremely complex, 40 years of research on humans and other mammals have demonstrated that trauma (particularly trauma early in the life cycle) has long-term effects on neurochemical responses to stressful events. These effects...

It is well established that in both food- and drug-addicted individuals there is "dopamine resistance" associated with the DRD2 gene A1 allele. Based on earlier studies, evidence is emerging wherein the potential of utilizing a natural, nonaddicting, safe, putative D2 agonist may play a significant role in the recovery of individuals with reward de...

The goal of this study was to determine if impairments detected by the test of variables of attention (TOVA) may be used to predict early attention complaints and memory impairments accurately in a clinical setting. We performed a statistical analysis of outcomes in a patient population screened for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or atten...

There is a need to classify patients at genetic risk for drug seeking behavior prior to or upon entry to residential and or non-residential chemical dependency programs. We have determined based on a literature review, that there are seven risk alleles associated with six candidate genes that were studied in this patient population of recovering po...

Using fMRI, Menon and Levitin [9] clearly found for the first time that listening to music strongly modulates activity in a network of mesolimbic structures involved in reward processing including the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA), as well as the hypothalamus, and insula, which are thought to be involved in regulating...

Background and hypothesis: It is well known that after prolonged abstinence, individuals who use their drug of choice experience a powerful euphoria that often precipitates relapse. While a biological explanation for this conundrum has remained elusive, we hypothesize that this clinically observed "supersensitivity" might be tied to genetic dopami...

Albeit other prospective randomized controlled clinical trials on H-Wave device stimulation (HWDS), this is the first randomized double-blind placebo controlled prospective study that assessed the effects of HWDS on range of motion and strength testing in patients who underwent rotator cuff reconstruction. Twenty-two patients were randomly assigned...

H-Wave electrical device stimulation (HWDS) is used clinically to expedite recovery from soft tissue injuries. We hypothesized that HWDS induces arteriolar dilation, a mechanism involved in the healing process. Acute effects of HWDS on striated muscle arteriolar diameters were studied. Arteriolar diameters were measured in the cremaster muscle of 5...

Aging is marked by declines in levels of many sex hormones and growth factors, as well as in cognitive function. The P300 event-related potential has been established as a predictor of cognitive decline. We decided to determine if this measure, as well as 2 standard tests of memory and attention, may be correlated with serum levels of sex hormones...

Since 1990, researchers have proposed that genetic variants of dopaminergic genes and other "reward genes" are important common determinants of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS). RDS refers to the breakdown of a cascade of neurotransmitters in the brain in which one reaction triggers another — the reward cascade — and resultant aberrant conduct. Ass...

Since the discovery of the double helix, the study of brain function, in terms of both physiology and behavioral traits, has resulted in a plethora of research linking these activities to the genetic basis of neurotransmitter function. Knowledge about how genes are expressed, as well as their potential impairment due to polygenic inheritance, can s...

Background and hypothesis Based on neurochemical and genetic evidence, we suggest that both prevention and treatment of multiple addictions, such as dependence to alcohol, nicotine and glucose, should involve a biphasic approach. Thus, acute treatment should consist of preferential blocking of postsynaptic Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) dopamine receptors...

While it is well established that the principal ascending pathways for pain originate in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and in the medulla, the control and sensitivity to pain may reside in additional neurological loci, especially in the mesolimbic system of the brain (i.e., a reward center), and a number of genes and associated polymorphisms m...

Molecular genetic studies have identified several genes that may mediate susceptibility to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A consensus of the literature suggests that when there is a dysfunction in the "brain reward cascade," especially in the dopamine system, causing a low or hypo-dopaminergic trait, the brain may require dopamine...

Introduction: This study systematically assessed the weight management effects of a novel experimental DNA-customized nutraceutical, LG839 (LifeGen, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA). Methods: A total of 1058 subjects who participated in the overall D.I.E.T. study were genotyped and administered an LG839 variant based on polymorphic outcomes. A subset of...

Introduction: This meta-analysis was conducted to systematically review the efficacy and safety of the H-Wave (Electronic Waveform Lab, Inc, Huntington Beach, CA, USA) device and programme as a non-pharmacological analgesic treatment in chronic soft tissue inflammation and neuropathic pain. Methods: Five studies related to pain relief, reduction...

The emerging field of nutritional genomics presents various clinical questions that require further investigations. One of those questions is whether nutrigenomic interventions reduce the cost of illness (COI). Prior to this study, there has been an absence of data evaluating the health economic implications of this new field of research. In this t...

Obesity-related medical conditions are the second leading cause of death in the US. Classified as a chronic disease in 1985, the understanding of obesity and its causes and effects has been further elucidated through additional research into the evolution of genetic and biologic influencing factors of this deadly disease. What used to be understood...

Various types of individuals having "Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)" related behaviors including sugar craving (e.g. obesity) have been described and heredity has been shown to be involved in some of these types. An important role of the mesolimbic dopamine system has been suggested in the reinforcing effects of a number of addictive substances (...

index, (BMI); cardiovascular disease, (CVD); CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, (C/EBPα); cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript, (CART); deoxynucleotide 5'-triphosphates, (dNTPs); dopamine D2 receptor, (DRD2); adrenergic receptors, (ADBRs); interleukin-6, (IL-6); leptin receptor, (LEPR); leptin, (LEP); lipid metabolism including hepatic l...

There is controversy regarding the effects and safety of chromium salts (picolinate and nicotinate) on body composition and weight loss in humans. Thus, we decided to test the hypothesis that typing the obese patients by genotyping the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene prior to treatment with Chromium Picolinate (CrP) would result in a differential...

This study evaluated the effects of a putative activator of brain reward circuitry on outcomes in a 1-y prospective comprehensive outpatient clinical program. As part of the Gene Narcotic Attenuation Program, Haveos (Synaptamine)(TM) was administered for the treatment of substance use disorder. Seventy-six patients (45 males and 31 females; mean ag...

There are common genetic mechanisms responsible for both drug effects and subsequent seeking behavior. In 1996, we coined the term Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS). Past and current treatment of substance seeking behavior, a subtype of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS), is considered by most to be inadequate. Recently, we evaluated a complex named S...

Summary Obesity has been identified as a global epidemic and presents a significant increased risk factor for a variety of co- morbidities. Positive energy balance and resultant weight gain is largely attributed to a chronic mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure. The PPAR gene (PPAR-! Polymorphism - Pro12Ala Allele) influences many...

Advances in our knowledge of the neurobiology of aggression have given rise to rational pharmacological treatments for these behaviors. The main biological systems which are known to be involved are certain reward neurotransmitters that include serotonin (5HT), opioid peptides (END), gamma-aminobutyric acid (γABA), and the catecholamines (dopamine...

In a previous study, the H-Wave small-muscle fiber stimulator significantly reduced chronic pain and restored physical function among patients with pain in the lower and upper extremities and spine. In this extended population observational study, a cross-sectional,computer-administered 10-item survey was administered to 6774 patients (3367 men [49...

The burden of chronic soft tissue inflammation and neuropathic pain on individuals and society is substantial. This study was conducted to evaluate the H-wave device--an innovative form of treatment for chronic pain and inflammation--in patients with persistent pain associated with injuries or conditions affecting the upper or lower extremities or...