Roger Ingham

University of Southampton · Department of Psychology

This article reports on the findings of a systematic review of literature on pornography use and sexual consent published between January 2000 and December 2017. The review found that there exists little research explicitly addressing consent. There exists an extensive literature on the relationship between the consumption of pornography and sexual...

First sex is an important event in an individual’s sexual development. Previous literature has, however, primarily investigated first heterosexual sex, overlooking important contextu-al factors specific to same-sex/gender sexual experiences. Seventeen in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other sexual m...

This paper adds to recent discussions of young people’s porn literacy and argues that researchers must address porn users’ engagements with, and understandings of, different porn genres and practices. As part of a larger interdisciplinary project which consisted of a series of systematic reviews of literature on the relationship between pornography...

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake in affiliation information for authors Katerina Litsou and Roger Ingham.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate reviews that have been posted publicly on the app ‘MapMyRun’ to investigate which features were associated with usage of the app. A secondary aim was to determine whether MapMyRun consisted of specific behaviour change techniques that would have increased the likelihood of users being engaged with the app. Me...

A systematic review and thematic synthesis were conducted on the motivations, purposes, and influence of pornography use among women who are in committed relationships. Pornography use was identified as having both positive and negative outcomes for women's sexual and relationship lives. Women watched pornography for diverse reasons: to feel sexual...

A systematic review of literature on the relationship between consumption of pornography and sexual pleasure found two approaches. One examines masturbatory pleasure produced by engagement with pornography and finds that both men and women take pleasure from pornography consumption (although for women in particular this can create conflicting react...

This briefing examines the declining rate of teenage conceptions in England over the last two decades. Since 1998, we have seen rising educational aspirations; growing second- and third-generation teenage ethnic minority populations; changing housing availability; and increased deprivation associated with economic recession and post-2008 government...

We con­sider Eng­land's two-decade teenage con­cep­tion de­cline in the con­text of so­ci­etal changes: ris­ing ed­u­ca­tional as­pi­ra­tions; grow­ing sec­ond- and third-gen­er­a­tion teenage eth­nic mi­nor­ity pop­u­la­tions; in­creased de­pri­va­tion as­so­ci­ated with eco­nomic re­ces­sion and post-2008 Gov­ern­ment aus­ter­ity; and chang­ing h...

A systematic review (SR) was conducted as part of an Australian Research Council funded interdisciplinary project on different ways of understanding pornography’s relationships with its audiences. The focus was on whether people who consume pornography have a better understanding of how pornography works; for example, the extent to which they view...

Researchers and media commentators often claim that young people are increasingly learning about sex through pornography, but evidence about this is unclear. This article reports on a mixed methods systematic review of research on pornography use for sexual learning. Ten articles were included that explicitly addressed how porn users describe the e...

In interdisciplinary investigations into the relationships between pornography and its audiences, the issue of how to define the object of study is more complex than in studies situated within a single discipline. A Delphi panel of 38 leading pornography researchers from a wide range of disciplines was asked about various topics, including the defi...

Two members of the Delphi panel who completed a tranche of the survey.

This article reports on an interdisciplinary project that conducted a series of systematic reviews of academic research about the use of pornography and sexual health. Academics from a variety of disciplines were involved; half of the team had a background in humanities and the other half a background in psychology. While working closely together t...

Three Systematic Reviews (SRs) were conducted as part of an Australian Research Council funded multi-disciplinary project on different ways of understanding pornography’s relationships with its audiences. Use of pornography was framed through pleasure, competence in mediated sexuality and sexual education. After exclusions and inclusions of the art...

Background. Continuing high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in many countries highlight the need to identify effective behavioural interventions. Consistent and correct use of male condoms is a key strategy for the prevention of STIs. Some men, however, report problems with condom fit (e.g., size and shape of the condom) and feel (e...

Objectives Attractiveness judgements have been shown to affect interpersonal relationships. The present study explored the relationships between perceived attractiveness, perceived sexual health status, condom use intentions and condom use resistance in women. Setting The study data were collected using an online questionnaire. Participants 480 E...

Background Condoms remain the main protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) when used correctly and consistently. Yet, there are many reported barriers to their use such as negative attitudes, reduced sexual pleasure, fit-and-feel problems and erection difficulties. The UK home-based intervention strategy (HIS-UK) is a behaviour ch...

In 2016, Professors Alan McKee (a humanities researcher) and Roger Ingham (a psychology researcher) submitted a successful grant application for a project entitled ‘Pornography's Effects on Audiences: Explaining Contradictory Research Data’ (DP170100808). We were approached by Feona Attwood, who knew of the grant and asked whether we could provide...

Teenage Pregnancy and Young Parenthood provides a comprehensive, unparalleled insight into the UK Government's highly successful Teenage Pregnancy Strategy (TPS) for England which reduced the under-18 pregnancy rate by well over 50%, and considers how the lessons from this policy can be applied internationally. This important book captures and shar...

Background: It is assumed that knowing what puts young women at risk of poor sexual health outcomes and, in turn, what protects them against these outcomes, will enable greater targeted protection as well as help in designing more effective programmes. Accordingly, efforts have been directed towards mapping risk and protective factors onto general...

Background Controversy exists as to whether ‘abortion or ‘termination of pregnancy’ should be used by health professionals during interactions with women and in published works. Methods Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were distributed to women attending 54 abortion clinics in Scotland, England and Wales during a 4-month period in 2015....

Parents often find themselves ill-prepared for the moment at which questions of a sexual nature arise, or when children display signs of playful behaviour that can be interpreted as sexual. How these behaviours and questions are dealt with establishes the foundations on which children begin to interpret relationships, their bodies, those of others...

Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are ongoing concerns. The best method for preventing the transmission of these infections is the correct and consistent use of condoms. Few studies have explored the use of games in interventions for increasing condom use by challenging the false sense of security associated with judging the presenc...

Worldwide, use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) has easily overtaken oral contraceptive use, now with double the prevalence.(1) Rates of LARC (defined as subdermal implants, intrauterine contraceptives and injectables) use are twice as high in the developing world as in the developed world.(1) There are many reasons for this increasin...

What is the problem? Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in England have increased by around 50% over the last 10 years, with about half a million new cases occurring every year. The health, social, and economic costs of STIs are huge. Untreated chlamydia, for example, can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. The current...

Professors Cynthia Graham and Roger Ingham of the University of Southampton, UK are working to promote the use of condoms amongst young people, who have often expressed a dislike of their use. Negative attitudes toward condoms, often linked to incorrect and inconsistent use, have almost certainly led to an increase in the incidence of sexually tran...

Background In 1999, the UK Labour Government launched a 10-year Teenage Pregnancy Strategy for England to address the country’s historically high rates and reduce social exclusion. The goal was to halve the under-18 conception rate. This study explores how the strategy was designed and implemented, and the features that contributed to its success....

p> Background: Tourism, a global industry, brings with it a number of public health problems, one of which is the spread of sexually transmitted infections transmitted between travellers and hosts. Previous studies have largely focused on sex workers and sex tourists. Objective: To assesses sexual behaviour, knowledge and condom use among male tre...

Objectives Judgements of attractiveness have been shown to influence the character of social interactions. The present study sought to better understand the relationship between perceived attractiveness, perceived sexual health status and condom use intentions in a heterosexual male population. Setting The study employed an electronic questionnaire...

Background The Kinsey Institute® Homework Intervention Strategy (KIHIS), designed to improve condom skills, enjoyment and self-efficacy, has demonstrated early evidence of efficacy in U.S. studies. The KIHIS places the impetus for change on the individual through solitary practice: experimenting with different condoms/lubricants; identifying best ‘...

A letter to accompany a major article by Wellings et al. on teenage pregnancy and the impact of the government policy

Purpose: Teenage pregnancy is an issue of inequality affecting the health, wellbeing and life chances of young women, young men and their children. Consequently, high levels of teenage pregnancy are of concern to an increasing number of developing and developed countries. The UK Labour Government’s Teenage Pregnancy Strategy for England was one of...

Background: Young women in conflict-affected regions are at risk of a number of adverse outcomes as a result of violence, economic deterioration and the breakdown of community structures and services. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review of quantitative literature reporting how key sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes a...

Purpose Despite general recognition of the benefits of talking openly about sexuality with children, parents encounter and/or create barriers to such communication. One of the key barriers is a desire to protect childhood innocence. The purpose of this paper is to explore parental interpretations of childhood innocence and the influence this has on...

This commentary outlines developments regarding Sex and Relationships Education1 (SRE, akin to Comprehensive Sex Education) in England and Wales over the past 15 years or so. Many of the recommendations and processes that are included in this new briefing (BZgA, UNFPA, and WHO European Office 2015) were certainly helpful in making such progress as...

Background: The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) remains the most popular form of prescription contraception in many countries, despite adherence difficulties for many. Uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), which are less reliant on user adherence, remains low. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of, and attitudes...

Objective Many forms of contraception are available on prescription only for example, the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). In this analysis we aim to identify key determinants of prescription contraceptive use. Design Cross-sectional population survey. Data on sociodemographic indices, concerns about...

Objectives This study explored how men and women with CF think their illness and associated experiences affect their body image, relationships, sexuality and feelings about parenthood in an attempt to improve understanding about the psychosocial aspects of living with CF. Methods This qualitative study used a semi-structured interview to encourage...

Tourism, a global industry, brings with it a number of public health problems, one of which is the spread of sexually transmitted infections transmitted between travellers and hosts. Previous studies have largely focused on sex workers and sex tourists. This study assesses sexual behaviour, knowledge and condom use among male trekking guides in Nep...

Tourism, a global industry, brings with it a number of public health problems, one of which is the spread of sexually transmitted infections transmitted between travelers and hosts. Previous studies have largely focused on sex workers and sex tourists. This study assesses sexual behavior, knowledge and condom use among male trekking guides in Nepal...

Disclosing illness-related problems is the first step in help-seeking. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore Japanese breast cancer (BC) survivors' decision-making about disclosure of lymphoedema symptoms to people in their social networks. A total of ten women participated in group discussions in Japan. A dual analytic approach, themati...

This comprehensive review of the emotive and often controversial topic of abortion provides clinicians with a multidisciplinary focus on abortion services, discussing clinical topics in their sociological, legal and ethical context. It is particularly timely as novel methods of service delivery make this vital resource more accessible, allowing abo...

This summary highlights the major reasons parents give for talking, or not talking, about relationships, babies, bodies and other sexual matters with their children.

Young children are naturally inquisitive about the world around them. They want to know about family life and relationships, about babies and where they come from, about bodies and growing-up. Knowing how to respond to children’s curiosity is something many parents find challenging, often fearful of, especially when questions and behaviours are con...

Pleasure and desire have been important components of the vision for sexuality education for over 20 years. This book argues that there has been a lack of scrutiny over the political motivations that underpin research supportive of pleasure and desire within comprehensive sexuality education. In this volume, key researchers in the field consider ho...

Background HSV-1 causes at least 50% of primary genital herpes infections in Europe, Canada, Australia and the USA. In the UK, rates may be even higher, as the level 3 STI clinic in Southampton observes approximately 80% of primary genital herpes infections in young women are due to HSV-1. Regardless of location, individuals disclosing genital herp...

Background: Several studies have examined condom use during 'holiday' sex but have not considered condom errors in this context. This study aims to identify factors associated with late application of condoms during participants' most recent vaginal intercourse at home and away from home (holidays or short breaks). Method: Participants aged 19-3...

Condom use remains low among young people despite high prevalence of HIV, STIs, and unplanned pregnancy in Uganda. This paper presents patterns of condom use at first and latest sexual events and associated factors. The data were obtained from 445 sexually active unmarried people aged 15-24 from one peri-urban and another rural district. Stratified...

‘Where do babies come from?’ ‘Why do boys have willies?’ ‘What does gay mean?’ Probably all parents have faced such ‘innocent’ questions from young children, and many have found them challenging to answer. Access to sexuality education at an early age is frequently considered controversial; however, there are strong indications that early and open...

An invited editorial on the subject of correct and incorrect condom usage.

Despite traumatic experiences of cancer, survivors often report positive changes. Since little research has been conducted into such changes among Japanese breast cancer survivors, our knowledge is minimal. This qualitative study aimed to explore the nature of the positive changes among this group. A thematic analysis suggested that participants ha...

To develop a new scale to assess psycho-social discomfort in breast cancer (BC) survivors in Japanese society and to investigate its psychometric properties. A total of 248 Japanese BC survivors completed both the Psycho-social Discomfort Scale (PsDS) and WHO Quality of Life BREF Japanese version (WHO QoL-Jp). A principal component factor analysis...

Around one in three sexually active women in Britain will have an abortion during their lifetime and a third of those women will experience more than one. Using data collected during the second National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles the characteristics of women who have presented for a second or subsequent abortion are compared to those...

In Japan, a high proportion of breast cancer (BC) survivors develop lymphoedema as a consequence of the treatment received. Japanese BC survivors are generally not provided with standardised information about risks, early signs and symptom management. The effects of (in)adequate information on the problem-solving processes among Japanese BC survivo...

Key findings • There is no single reason why women have abortions in the second trimester. • Much of the delay occurs prior to women requesting an abortion. • Women's concerns about what is involved in having the abortion contribute to the delay. In recent years, there has been a great deal of public debate about the ethics of 'later abortions' -th...

This article summarises the findings of studies relating to why women present for abortion at gestations of more than 12 weeks. Its primary focus is on British experience, but relevant studies from other countries are described. Key findings reveal that there are many different reasons. Much of the delay occurs prior to women requesting an abortion...

Despite evidence that demonstrates the benefits of school-based sex and relationships education (SRE) in promoting and protecting young people's sexual health, there are still controversies regarding what should be covered in the SRE curriculum among different stakeholders, including parents. This study assessed Tanzanian parents' attitudes towards...

This chapter defines the important role of social context in influencing health behaviours and health. It focuses on the complex interplay between vulnerability, disadvantage, and sexual health among young people; mirroring national and international concerns. It considers: what is meant by the term sexual health and what the key public health conc...

Much research into young people's developing sexuality is concerned with risk avoidance and the reduction of negative outcomes. Little research has been conducted into sexual self-exploration and, in particular, masturbation among young people, and this has generally been concerned merely with its prevalence. Little is known about the potential rol...

Much research into young people's developing sexuality is concerned with risk avoidance and the reduction of negative outcomes. Little research has been conducted into sexual self-exploration and, in particular, masturbation among young people, and this has generally been concerned merely with its prevalence. Little is known about the potential rol...

Background: Low female empowerment has been frequently cited as a major factor in the spread of HIV and other STDs. Pleasure and sexual self-awareness are neglected areas in sexual health research. This research investigated the possible relation between these areas. There are powerful arguments for increasing women's pleasure for its own sake, but...

This DH commissioned research assessed the safety, effectiveness and acceptability of early medical abortions in non-traditional settings, and will contribute towards the establishment of a protocol to cover the elements and processes required for a safe EMA service in non-traditional settings.

This paper summarises the findings of a study on second trimester abortion in England and Wales in 2005. Second trimester abortions constitute a relatively small proportion of the total number of legal abortions performed in these countries yet attract quite substantial public, and particularly media, attention. Discussion of these abortions has, h...