
Robin AugustineStanford University | SU · Department of Radiology
Robin Augustine
Doctor of Philosophy
About
118
Publications
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Introduction
Robin Augustine is a bioengineer focusing on the design and development of various biomaterials and devices for supporting, replacing or repairing damaged tissues or organs. He has completed Ph.D. in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology from Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. Specific areas of interests include but not limited to skin substitutes, wound dressings, tissue engineering scaffolds, bioprinted artificial tissues/organs and other biomaterials.
Additional affiliations
June 2019 - June 2019
October 2017 - January 2019
May 2016 - present
Publications
Publications (118)
Nonhealing wounds in diabetic patients are a critical challenge, which often cause amputation and mortality. High levels of oxidative stress and aberrations in antioxidant defense mechanisms increase the adverse manifestations of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we developed a biodegradable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel patch incorporated...
Management of chronic diabetic ulcers remains as a major challenge in healthcare which requires extensive multidisciplinary approaches to ensure wound protection, management of excess wound exudates and promoting healing. Developing wound healing patches that can act as a protective barrier and support healing is highly needed to manage chronic dia...
Inadequate cell proliferation, cell migration and angiogenesis are the main challenges associated with the chronic diabetic wounds. Incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) in wound dressings can be a promising approach to promote angiogenesis and healing of diabetic wounds. In this paper, we report the development of a novel nCeO2 conta...
Statement of significance:
Protease inhibitors (PIs) are gold-standard drugs in many ARV cocktails. Darunavir (DRV) is the latest approved PI and it is included in the 20th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. PIs poorly-water soluble at intestinal pH and more soluble under gastric conditions. Drug nanonization represents one of the most common...
Piezoelectric materials that generate electrical signals in response to mechanical strain can be used in tissue engineering to stimulate cell proliferation. Poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), a piezoelectric polymer, is widely used in biomaterial applications. We hypothesized that incorporation of zinc oxide (ZnO )nanoparti...
The purpose of the present study was to develop a nano‐coating for fresh vegetables and fruits using a combination of curcumin, sesame oil, stearic acid, and dextran (CSSDNs). The anti‐bacterial and nontoxic nature of nanoparticles were tested against Gram‐positive bacteria ( Staphylococcusaureus ) and human fibroblast cells. Enhanced aqueous solub...
This data provides a comprehensive analysis of the "Top 2% Scientists in Biomedical Engineering - 2024" ranking, which is derived from citation metrics collected through Scopus data. The study identifies leading scientists, institutions, and countries in the field of Biomedical Engineering while critically examining the strengths and limitations of...
Bone defects from accidents, congenital conditions, and age-related diseases significantly impact quality of life. Recent advancements in bone tissue engineering (TE) involve biomaterial scaffolds, patient-derived cells, and bioactive agents, enabling functional bone regeneration. Stem cells, obtained from numerous sources including umbilical cord...
Bone defects resulting from trauma, disease, or aging present significant challenges in the clinic. Although biomaterial scaffolds for bone-tissue engineering have shown promising results, challenges remain, including the need for adequate mechanical strength and suitable bioactive agents within scaffolds to promote bone formation. Oxygen is a crit...
Regeneration of large bone defects is a significant clinical challenge with variable success, but tissue engineering strategies are promising for rapid and effective bone regeneration. Maintaining an adequate oxygen level within implanted scaffolds is a major obstacle in bone tissue engineering. We developed a new oxygen-generating scaffold by elec...
This study aimed to optimize the preparation parameters for air-jet spun blended poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and polycaprolactone (PCL) submicron fibrous scaffolds. Blends of PHBV and PCL were made using different weight ratios of polymers and examined for their mechanical, morphological, and biological properties. The 50/50...
Menatalla and team presented a poster at the 7th Qatar Colorectal and Gastroenterology Conference, held from May 18-20, 2023, in Doha, Qatar. The poster, titled "Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Novel Nanofibers Bandage Formulated with Juniperus Communis Essential Oil Targeting Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Strains," highlighted innovativ...
The limited availability of transplantable organs hinders the success of patient treatment through organ transplantation. In addition, there are challenges with immune rejection and the risk of disease transmission when receiving organs from other individuals. Tissue engineering aims to overcome these challenges by generating functional three-dimen...
The lack of oxygen supply in engineered constructs has been an ongoing challenge for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Upon implantation of an engineered tissue, spontaneous blood vessel formation does not happen rapidly, therefore, there is typically a limited availability of oxygen in engineered biomaterials. Providing oxygen in large...
List of top scientists in biomedical engineering 2021-2022
The development of highly porous cell supportive polymeric scaffolds with sufficient mechanical strength has always been a challenging task in tissue engineering. The widely used nanofiber fabrication methods like electrospinning are time consuming and the obtained nanofibrous scaffolds are generally consist of compactly packed fibers, which affect...
Tissue engineering aims to exploit the regenerative capacity of cells and connect the inherent ability of the body to repair and regenerate. Cells are seeded onto a porous three-dimensional scaffold in tissue engineering, which will provide protection and direct cells to the development of new tissue-like structures. These scaffolds can provide a m...
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S218120.].
Biofabrication of engineered cell-laden constructs and scaffolds is essential for tissue engineeringTissue Engineering and tissue modeling. ElectrospinningElectrospinning is a highly scalable technology to fabricate porous scaffolds with micro or nano-fibrous structure. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been recently developed for tissue engin...
Rehman SR, Augustine R, Zahid AA, Ahmed R, Tariq M, Hasan A. Int J Nanomedicine. 2019;14:9603–9617.
The authors have advised that Figure 4 on page 9611 is incorrect. The images for Figure 4G and L (GelMA) and Figure 4I (GrG2) were mistakenly taken from the wrong image folders.
The correct Figure 4 is shown in Download Article. The authors apologize...
Impaired diabetic wounds are serious pathophysiological complications associated with persistent microbial infections including failure in the closure of wounds, and the cause of a high frequency of lower limb amputations. The healing of diabetic wounds is attenuated due to the lack of secretion of growth factors, prolonged inflammation, and/or inh...
Advancement in healthcare requires sophisticated and safe drug delivery systems. An ideal drug delivering system should be non-toxic, therapeutically inert, and be able to deliver a wide range of drugs. Here, we report halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and its nanocomposite with chitosan for the delivery of diclofenac. The nanomaterials were characterize...
Impaired diabetic wounds are one of the major pathophysiologicalcomplications caused by persistent microbial infections, prolongedinflammation, and insufficient secretion of angiogenic promotinggrowth factors [1]. Here, we report the development of nitric oxide(NO) releasing S-nitroso-N-acetyl-pencillamine (SNAP) loadedchitosan/polyvinyl alcohol hy...
Materialising novel nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery have become a ‘propitious niche’. Toxicity of the carrier and its efficacy in treatment modalities has become cardinal points as this can impedes...
The rapid spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), has had a dramatic negative impact on public health and economies worldwide. Recent studies on COVID-19 complications and mortality rates suggest that there is a higher prevalence in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) patient...
Spatial mapping of heterogeneity in gene expression in cancer tissues can improve our understanding of cancers and help in the rapid detection of cancers with high accuracy and reliability. Significant advancements have been made in recent years in OMICS technologies, which possess the strong potential to be applied in the spatial mapping of biopsy...
This is the list of top scientists in biomedical engineering for the year 2020 based on the data published by Elsevier/Stanford University (Authors: Jeroen Baas, Kevin Boyack,
John P.A. Ioannidis) available at https://elsevier.digitalcommonsdata.com/datasets/btchxktzyw/3
Management of non-healing and slow to heal diabetic wounds is a major concern in healthcare across the world. Numerous techniques have been investigated to solve the issue of delayed wound healing, though, mostly unable to promote complete healing of diabetic wounds due to the lack of proper cell proliferation, poor cell-cell communication, and hig...
Advanced biomaterials have produced a significant impact on healthcare by improving the quality of life of people with disabilities. Biomaterials are immensely used in tissue engineering, wound healing applications, and delivery of cancer targeted therapeutics. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity screening of biomaterials on cell culture systems is t...
Metastasis is the major reason for most brain tumors with up to a 50% chance of occurrence in patients with other types of malignancies. Brain metastasis occurs if cancer cells succeed to cross the ‘blood-brain barrier’ (BBB). Moreover, changes in the structure and function of BBB can lead to the onset and progression of diseases including neurolog...
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cardiac tissue engineering strategies focusing on biomaterial scaffolds incorporating cells and growth factors are emerging as highly promising for cardiac repair and regeneration. The use of stem cells within cardiac microengineered tissue constructs present an inherent ab...
The application of nanomaterials in medicine includes the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases and is a rapidly evolving area. Metals, metal oxides and carbon-based nanomaterials have shown much promise in medical technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties. These nanoscale properties, especia...
Introduction: In the past few decades, biomimetic materials have extensively been investigated for the applicability in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Electrospinning is one of the most promising methods for generating extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic porous nano/microfiber-based scaffolds or patches for such applications. Various...
Introduction: Delayed wound healing is a major healthcare challenge which affects the quality of life and results in a financial burden to the patient as well as the public healthcare system. The advancement of nanotechnology has enabled the development of cost-effective wound-coverage materials such as nanofibrous matrices having large porosity, h...
After cardiovascular disease, cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide with devastating health and economic consequences, particularly in developing countries. Inter-patient variations in anti-cancer drug responses further limit the success of therapeutic interventions. Therefore, personalized medicines approach is key for this patient group...
Achieving the healing of chronic diabetic ulcers, burn wounds and large traumatic wounds is a major clinical challenge. A variety of approaches have been undertaken to generate skin substitutes, wound healing patches or dressings with adequate barrier properties, stability, degradation, exudate uptake capacity, antimicrobial properties, vasculariza...
Electrospinning is a widely investigated process for forming nanofibers. Nanofibers in drug delivery systems are extensively tested due to its remarkable properties e.g. small pore size or large surface area. Recent articles have informed about formation of fibers using triaxial electrospinning in drug delivery systems. This paper summarizes the pr...
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of brain metastasis. Metastasis to the brain occurs if cancer cells manage to traverse the ‘blood-brain barrier’ (BBB), which is a barrier with very tight junction (TJ) of endothelial cells between blood circulation and brain tissue. It is highly important to develop novel in vitro BBB models to investigat...
Hydrogels can be defined as the networks of either chemically or physically crosslinked hydrophilic polymers containing large amounts of water when hydrated. They are usually used as biomaterials for various applications in the biomedical field. These applications vary from 3D cell culture and drug delivery to tissue engineering and regenerative me...
Co-electrospun membranes containing SDF1 with micro/nano topography and hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface properties promote the migration and proliferation of mammalian cells that are relevant to wound healing.
This book introduces the reader to important aspects of the nano-hydrogels. It covers the development of hydrogels and their biology, chemistry and properties. Focus is also given to innovative characterization techniques and advances in structural design, with special emphasis on molecular structure, dynamic behavior and structural modifications o...
Keywords: Cell-nanoparticle interaction nanomaterials mammalian cells size shape charge functional groups A B S T R A C T The utilization of nanomaterials in the biological and medical field is quickly progressing, particularly in areas where traditional diagnostics and treatment approaches have limited success. The success of nanomaterials in medi...
Non-healing chronic wounds are the key concern in type-2 diabetes that frequently leads to chronic infections, finally causing amputation of limbs, organs etc. Decrease in the proliferation and migration of cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts is the major reason for the development of such chronic diabetic wounds. Multiple evidences have sh...
The aggressive outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) as COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) pandemic demands rapid and simplified testing tools for its effective management. Increased mass testing and surveillance are crucial for controlling the disease spread, obtaining better pandemic statistics, and develop...
The rampant spread of COVID-19 and the worldwide prevalence of infected cases demand a rapid, simple, and cost-effective Point of Care Test (PoCT) for the accurate diagnosis of this pandemic. The most common molecular tests approved by regulatory bodies across the world for COVID-19 diagnosis are based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). While PCR-...
Nanoparticle synthesis can be performed by various methods such as physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Generally, the physical and chemical methods are considered the best to get uniform-sized nanoparticles with long-term stability. However, these approaches are expensive and release toxic/hazardous materials into the environment. Toxic...
Various applications of nanotechnology in healthcare, agriculture, environmental and other technological fields have considerably transformed human life. However, harmful effects of nanomaterials synthesized by traditional methods reduce the potential of the instantaneous application of nanotechnology-based products in healthcare field. Application...
MXene (Ti₃C₂T
x
), as a novel 2D material, has produced a great interest due to its promising properties in biomedical applications, nevertheless, there is a lack of studies dedicated to investigate the possible toxic effect of MXene in embryos. Herein, we aim to scrutinize the potential toxicity of MXene nanosheets on the early stage of the embryo...
The application of nanobiomaterials in biomedical field is rapidly processing, especially in the areas where conventional approaches have limited success. Cell fate is mainly influenced by interactions between cells and their microenvironment. The effective use of several nanostructures in implants, prosthetics, tissue engineering scaffolds, and dr...
Purpose
Non-healing or slow healing chronic wounds are among serious complications of diabetes that eventually result in amputation of limbs and increased morbidities and mortalities. Chronic diabetic wounds show reduced blood vessel formation (lack of angiogenesis), inadequate cell proliferation and poor cell migration near wounds. In this paper,...
Purpose
Impairment of wound healing is a major issue in type-2 diabetes that often causes chronic infections, eventually leading to limb and/or organ amputation. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a signaling molecule with several roles in tissue repair and regeneration including promoting cell adhesion, cell migration, cell proliferation an...
Critical size bone defects that do not heal spontaneously are among the major reasons for the disability in majority of people with locomotor disabilities. Tissue engineering has become a promising approach for repairing such large tissue injuries including critical size bone defects. Three-dimension (3D) porous scaffolds based on piezoelectric pol...
In this study, a set of polylactic acid (PLA)/polyphenol extracted from date palm fruit (DP) blends were prepared by electrospinning process to be used as cell culture scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. For this purpose, PLA/DP blends with variable composition were dissolved in dichloromethane/dimethylformamide (70:30, v/v) mixture and...
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. To date, several in vitro methodologies have been developed to understand the mechanisms of cancer metastasis and to screen various therapeutic agents against it. Nevertheless, mimicking an in vivo microenvironment in vitro is not possible; while in vivo experiments are c...
Poor proliferation and migration of fibroblast, keratinocyte and endothelial cells delays the wound healing in diabetic patients and results into chronicity of wounds. Slow or decreased formation of blood vessels is another issue that increases the chronicity of non-healing wounds. These chronic wounds turn into an ulcer that may lead to limb amput...
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, biomaterials and appropriate signals to repair or improve the functions of damaged tissues. Our group is exploiting various approaches to effectively encapsulate multiple growth factors in polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering and wound healing applications. In this report, some of the e...
Chronic wound or slow healing of a wound is one of the serious complications in diabetic patients. The decrease in the proliferation and migration of cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts is the major reason for the development of such chronic wounds in a diabetic patient. Therefore, designing a wound dressing patch using a biodegradable hydr...
Proper management of nonhealing wounds is an imperative clinical challenge. For the effective healing of chronic wounds, suitable wound coverage materials with the capability to accelerate cell migration, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and wound healing are required to protect the healing wound bed. Biodegradable polymeric meshes are utilized as...
In situ tissue engineering is emerging as a novel approach in tissue engineering to repair damaged tissues by boosting the natural ability of the body to heal itself. This can be achieved by providing suitable signals and scaffolds that can augment cell migration, cell adhesion on the scaffolds and proliferation of endogenous cells that facilitate...
Intentional and regulated induction of blood vessels formation which is generally referred to as therapeutic angiogenesis has a lot of potential in the management of various kinds of ischemic complications as well as in wound healing, bone regeneration and tissue engineering. Conventionally, therapeutic angiogenesis relies on the controlled applica...
Natural healing of wound
includes; inflammation, cell migration, angiogenesis,
synthesis of provisional matrix, collagen deposition and
re-epithelization [1]. An ideal wound dressing i.e. natural
skin contain 85% water content and excellent
permeability [2]. Gelatin Methacrylate (GelMA)
hydrogels have the advantages of both synthetic and
natural po...
Statement of Purpose: Nitric oxide (NO) released from endothelial cells endogenously promotes angiogenesis. The potential of using exogenous NO for enhancing faster healing of acute and chronic wounds have also been supported by earlier work (Wo, Y., Biomater. Sci, 2016. 4(8), 1161-1183). However, fast and burst release of NO from its donors such a...
The most important prerequisites for wound coverage matrices are biocompatibility, adequate porosity, degradability and exudate uptake capacity. A moderate hydrophilicity and exudate uptake capacity can often favour cell adhesion and wound healing potential, however, most of the synthetic polymers like polycaprolactone (PCL) are hydrophobic. Hydrog...
Electrospun poly(ƹ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds incorporated with bioactive materials play a key role in tissue engineering applications due to their extra cellular matrix (ECM) mimicking property, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Electrospinning is one of the most successful techniques for the fabrication of nonwoven, three-dimensional, por...
Electrospun membranes have the potential to act as an effective barrier for wounds from the external environment to prevent pathogens. In addition, materials with good antibacterial properties can effectively fight off the invading pathogens. In this paper, we report the development of a novel electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane containing...
The next generation tissue engineering, exploits the body's own regenerating capacity by providing an optimum niche by means of a scaffold for the migration and subsequent proliferation endogenous cells to the site of injury, enhance regeneration or healing and bypass laborious in vitro cell culture procedures. Such systems also required to have en...