Roberto Simão

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are sex differences in strength, power, and muscular endurance gains following a 12-week kettlebell swing protocol. Twenty-eight men (29.4 ± 7.3 years; 176.4 ± 6.2 cm; 80.1 ± 11.0 kg; 146.0 ± 22.3 kg in deadlift; 1.8 ± 0.2 kg/body mass deadlift relative strength) and 25 women (32.3 ± 5.5 ye...

Background. Grip performance is a fundamental attribute in grappling sports. Problem and aim. Concurrent training may impact physical function and thus sport-specific training performance. We investigated whether resistance training (RT) exercise order affected repetition performance and rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and quantified the impact...

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(2): 760-770, 2022. The present study aimed to compare the exercise order of an acute bout of resistance exercise (RT) on acute thyroid hormonal responses. Eight (n = 8) healthy men were randomly separated into two experimental groups: A) the order from multi-to single-joint exercises (MJ-SJ) and B) the o...

The purpose of this study was to compare a periodized versus a non-periodized protocol of kettlebell (KTB) swings over six weeks on strength, power, and muscular endurance. Twenty-eight high intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners were assigned to non-periodized (NPG = 11), periodized (PG = 11), or control groups (CG = 6). NPG used the s...

Objectives The aim of the manuscript was to analyze the effects of two rest periods between volume-equated resistance exercise (RE) on inflammatory responses (cytokines and leukocyte) and muscle damage. Methods Ten trained men (26.40 ± 4.73 years, 80.71 ± 8.95 kg, and 176.03 ± 6.11 cm) voluntarily participated in training sessions consisting of fi...

Purpose The study aim was to review the isokinetic strength assessment protocols, the obtained peak torque (PT) values, and the hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/Q); review the unilateral evaluation protocols and normative values for flexibility; and verify the existence of asymmetries between the limbs, muscle imbalances, or bilateral differences (BD)...

Strength training (ST) has been studied for acute and chronic effects on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV). These effects have never been reviewed collectively concerning the variables that comprise a ST program. Therefore, this review aims to examine the manipulation of ST variables (i.e., load intensity, number of sets and repe...

Purpose. To analyze and to compare the absolute and relative muscle power of the lower limbs in sedentary elderly subjects with and without heart failure. Methods. The study included 36 elderly subjects (72 ± 6.5 years, 76.8 ± 4.8 kg, 171 ± 9.4 cm) divided into two groups: sixteen patients with heart failure versus twenty patients with coronary art...

Problem statement: Hydrogymnastics can improve older adults' functional fitness, but few studies have explored if using resistive elements during sessions would have any effect on functional fitness of middle-aged and older women. Aim: To verify strength training effects on functional fitness of middle-aged and older women while using resistive imp...

Trabalho apresentado no 2o Simpósio Regional de Atividade Fisica e Saúde do Centro-Oeste (2021). Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil.

Diferentes tipos de programas de treinamento resistido resultam em diferente estresse metabólico e demandas cardiovasculares, o que poderia influenciar adaptações na modulação autonômica cardíaca. O estímulo preciso do treinamento resistido e os mecanismos responsáveis por promover a melhora na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) não são cla...

An individual’s training status is a key factor used to determine the volume, the intensity, and the selection of exercises for resistance training pre- scription. Interestingly, there are no objective parameters to assess train- ing status, so there is ambiguity in determining the appropriate volume and other resistance training variables in this...

Abstract: The Fascia Stretch Training 7 Sets (FST-7) method has gained popularity in the recent years being disseminated by American bodybuilders. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of the Fascia Stretch Training 7 Sets (FST-7) method with or without passive stretching between sets on metabolic variables (lactate [LAC] and creatine...

Objective The purpose of this study was to verify the acute effects of different exercise orders and rest intervals between sets on young athletes performance. Method Sixteen young male football players (73.2 ± 4.8 kg, 177.5± 5.1 cm, BMI 23.2 ±1.1, 19.8 ± 0.9 years) completed six experimental strength training (ST) sessions with different exercise...

Hypertension is a leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exercise is a widely recommended treatment strategy that has been shown to cause both acute and chronic reductions in blood pressure. This study aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of Brazilian jiujitsu training by assessing blood pressure responses dur...

Simão, R, Polito, M, de Salles, BF, Marinho, DA, Garrido, ND, Santos Junior, ERT, and Willardson, JM. Acute and long-term comparison of fixed vs. self-selected rest interval between sets on upper-body strength. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The effects of different rest interval durations between sets has been widely studied, but only re...

PurposeThis study investigated the relationship between habitual nutritional intake and the responsiveness of elderly individuals to resistance training.Methods Nineteen participants (66.0 ± 4.5 years) completed body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), functional capacity (timed-up-and-go, stair ascent, and stair descent), and neuromusc...

Young soccer players undertake anthropometric measurements for directing the effectiveness of training programs. However, the use of the eight-electrode electrical bioimpedance method is increasingly being used for the body composition evaluation. The purpose of this study was to compare and correlate body composition, using anthropometric predicti...

Background: The importance of strength in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) has inspired several recommendations of resistance training (RT) in BJJ athletes, yet little is known about their responses to different RT approaches. Thus, we aimed to investigate volume, efficiency, and fatigue responses in two popular RT protocols. Methods: In a randomized cro...

Young soccer players undertake anthropometric measurements for directing the effectiveness of training programs. However, the use of the eight-electrode electrical bioimpedance method is increasingly being used for the body composition evaluation. The purpose of this study was to compare and correlate body composition, using anthropometric predicti...

Background: Taper is considered as a strategy to avoid overtraining and increase peak performance in athletes. Because aerobic exercise increases the level and duration of independence during the lifespan, the participation of recreational athletes has increased in running events around the world. However, the effects of using load reduction in th...

Mannarino, P, Matta, T, Lima, J, Simão, R, and Freitas de Salles, B. Single-Joint Exercise Results in Higher Hypertrophy of Elbow Flexors Than Multijoint Exercise. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-Recent data suggest that single-joint exercises are unnecessary to maximize the resistance training (RT) results in novice to advanced individual...

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del programa de ejercicios físicos, propuesto en los gimnasios de la tercera edad, sobre la composición corporal y capacidad funcional de ancianos. Método: En el presente estudio participaron 54 hombres ancianos (67.7 ± 5.7 años, 1.7 ± 0.1 m, 75.1 ± 12.2 kg, 27.2 ± 4.3 kg.m-2) sin ninguna disfunción cognitiva,...

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito de diferentes ordens de exercícios sobre a pressão arterial (PA) após sessões de treinamento de força (TF). Quinze idosas hipertensas inexperientes em TF foram divididas em dois grupos. Grupo de membros superiores (G1) e grupo membros inferiores (G2). O G1 realizou três séries de 15 repetições submáxima...

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito de diferentes ordens de exercícios sobre a pressão arterial (PA) após sessões de treinamento de força (TF). Quinze idosas hipertensas inexperientes em TF foram divididas em dois grupos. Grupo de membros superiores (G1) e grupo membros inferiores (G2). O G1 realizou três séries de 15 repetições submáxima...

Objectives: To compare the effects of combinations of resistance training (RT) and static stretching (SS) on heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), rate pressure product (RPP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), rating of perceived effort (RPE), and heart rate variability (HRV) in men. Methods: Twelve normotensive healthy men...

Introduction Not all clubs provide good methodological and physical structures. In Brazil, there are more than 660 professional clubs. However only 128 of them have an annual calendar to participate in the four divisions national championships of the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) (1). That is, 534 (80%) compete for quick and low visibility...

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 657-665, 2019. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of different orders of exercises in circuit training on strength and functional fitness in older women over a 12-week period. After 10 repetition maximum (10-RM) and functional fitness baseline testing, thirty older women were randoml...

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of multi-to single-joint or the reverse exercise order on repetition performance and perceived exertion for the pectoralis major. Fourteen trained men (24.05 ± 4.17 yrs, 78.85 ± 3.51 kg, 175.42 ± 4.01 cm) underwent two different training sequences (SEQ1 and SEQ2). In SEQ1, all subjects perf...

Introdução: A literatura tem apontado a existência de possíveis variações entre as características somatotipológicas de acordo com a posição e categoria dos jovens jogadores, como a nacionalidade. Assim, torna-se importante avaliar as diferenças dos somatotipos, em diferentes regiões, pois são usadas como um possível método de estimativa do perfil...

Introduction: Balance of strength and flexibility between the dominant (DL) and non-dominant limbs (NDL) in young soccer players is essential, since it can minimize the possible injury-triggering mechanisms and their negative influence on performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the unilateral and bilateral strength and flexib...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a periodized strength training program and the use of infrared thermography (IRT) in injuries mapping in under 20-year-old (U-20) soccer players. In this study, 26 professional soccer players participated in strength training (ST) twice a week and were tested with IRT consistently acro...

OBJECTIVE: Verify the influence of different exercise orders on the performance of the number of maximal repetitions in older women. METHODS: Twelve older women (65.7 ± 5.6 years, 66.9 ± 9.5 kg, 1.56 ± 0.67 m, 27.4 ± 3.6 kg/m²) underwent four nonconsecutive visits and two different orders of Resistance Training. At the first visit, the volunteers...

A rotatividade pode ser vista como uma manobra para melhorar o desempenho das equipes e promover uma formação integral a todos os atletas. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar o acompanhamento realizado em dois anos (duas temporadas, 2016 e 2017) de uma equipe Sub-20 em relação a rotatividade de atletas, desempenho alcançado e número de lesões. Foram...

Possible diff erences in the physical values related to characteristics of the age group and the play positions in soccer. The aims to analyze the isokinetic muscle strength profi les, anthropometric, neuromuscular and car-diovascular characteristics, comparing age, categories and play positions. 105 players divided into U-17, U-20, Professional an...

Purpose To compare isokinetic knee flexors and extensors concentric muscle strength in young soccer players of different ages and playing positions. Methods Seventy-seven young male soccer players were divided into 3 age categories: U-15, U-17, and U-20, with the consideration of 4 game positions: goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders, and forwards....

Muscular strength is considered one of the principal physical aptitude and healthy components [1] and its evaluation through manual grip, besides being relatively simple, does not involve considerable financial expenditures and possesses good predictive capacity. Therefore, it can have great value for triage in programs and researches considering p...

Introduction The routine of soccer players is characterized by the cycle of training, competition and weekly recovery, so the athletes alternance is part of the training model[1]. Under 20 teams suffer from the large amount of annual games, which will reflect in an increase in the number of injuries[2,3]. Thus, the athletes alternance as a methodol...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mixed session periodization (MSP) versus traditional periodization (TP) on strength, power, functional performance, and body composition in aging adults. Forty-five healthy aging adults were randomly divided into three groups: MSP, TP, and Control. Subjects were tested before the intervention...

This study compared training load and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during resistance training (RT) and aerobic training (AT) sessions at self-selected intensity. Participants were 54 recreationally trained subjects assigned to either RT or AT groups. During RT, participants performed three sets of 10 repetitions of each exercise at a self-se...

Introdução: No envelhecimento ocorrem declínios estruturais e funcionais que podem afetar a independência física. O treinamento de força (TF) é capaz de promover melhoras neste quesito, entretanto, poucos experimentos investigaram a influencia da frequência semanal. Objetivo: verificar a influência da frequência semanal do TF sobre o desempenho fun...

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different periodization models on strength and local muscle endurance. Twenty trained men (25.45 ± 2.984 years, 75.34 ± 6.05 kg, 177.25 ± 4.92 cm, 23.96 ± 1.64 kg . m-2) were randomly assigned in two groups: undulling periodization (UPG) and traditional periodization group (TPG), respectively....

Purpose. to compare isokinetic knee flexors and extensors concentric muscle strength in young soccer players of different ages and playing positions. Methods. Seventy-seven young male soccer players were divided into 3 age categories: U-15, U-17, and U-20, with the consideration of 4 game positions: goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders, and forwards...

The Vasco da Gama is recognized in world football as one of the best and most invested clubs in the training of football players. This fact becomes very evident when we look at their extensive sporting history and we see the range of consecrated athletes who started their careers in the club of San Januário and crossed a path of glory in world foot...

The aim of the present study was to compare muscular performance and body composition changes following low volume resistance training programs consisting of multi-joint (MJ) exercises (cable chest press and seated row)versus a combination of multi- and single-joint (MJ+SJ) exercises (cable chest press, seated row, biceps curl, and triceps extensio...

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 55-67, 2018. This study compared the effect of a strength training session performed at different exercise orders and rest intervals on blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV). Fifteen trained men performed different upper body exercise sequences [large to small muscle mass (SEQA) and small t...

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare traditional strength training (TST) versus and contrast training (CCT) on sprint, change of direction speed (COD) and squat jump (SJ) in young male soccer players. Methods: Twenty-two soccer players (age: 18.4 ± 0.4 years, body mass: 70.2 ± 9.1 kg, height: 179.9 ± 7.5 cm), were randomly assign...

The main objective of the study was to compare the effect of different weekly frequencies of resistance training (RT) on strength and body composition in untrained individuals who participated in a corporate wellness program after a three-month period. 48 men and 36 women within the ages of 30 to 45 years old were selected and they were divided int...

Aim the aim was to investigate the influence of a maximal isometric muscle action of the elbow extensors on the contralateral dynamic task of the elbow flexors. Methods Seventeen recreationally trained men (23.3 ± 4.9 yrs, BMI: 24.8 ± 2.2 Kg/m²) underwent two randomized different testing sessions separated by one week. In the control session (CON)...

Introdução: A população idosa eleva-se gradativamente intensificando a necessidade de políticas públicas. Objetivo: Avaliar a aptidão física do idoso ingressante nas Academias da Terceira idade (ATIs). Métodos: Cento e cinco homens idosos (68,91 ± 5,26 anos; 1,67 ± 0,05 m; 73,73 ± 9,39 kg; 26,96 ± 3,29 kg/m2) foram organizados em grupos de acordo c...

INTRODUÇÃO: As avaliações somatotipológicas são usadas como um possível método de estimativa do perfil físico dos atletas. Entretanto, diversos fatores podem influenciar a composição corporal destes jogadores, em virtude disso, torna-se importante levar em consideração os aspectos fisiológicos, genéticos, antropométricos, adaptações ao treinamento,...

Drummond DMD, Szmuchrowski LA, Simão R, Maior AS, Couto BP. Effect of Local Vibration during Resistance Exercise on Muscle Hypertrophy. JEPonline 2017;20(5):69-79. The addition of mechanical vibration to resistance training (RT) has been shown to have a positive influence on strength gains and muscle power. The purpose of this study was to determin...

Effects on strength in adolescent soccer players of daily nonlinear periodized weight training The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a non-linear strength daily training program for soccer players U - 20. Six adolescent males (65.9 ± 5.9 kg; 172 ± 0.1) without strength training experience performed 10 RM test. They did 24 training...

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é um fator primário para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardí­acas. O treinamento de força (TF) vem sendo considerado como auxí­lio no tratamento não farmacológico através da sua resposta de hipotensão pós-exercí­cio (HPE). Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o efeito da manipulação das vari...

Purpose: Quadriceps strength and patellar tendon (PT) are directly linked and intimately related to daily activities and lower limb function. However, the correlation between knee extension torque (KT) and PT Young's modulus (E) measured directly is still unknown. Method: We used supersonic shearwave imaging (SSI) to evaluate the elastic propert...

Backgroud: Football clubs select young people to begin their training as athletes. At this stage of life (childhood and adolescence) occurs the biological maturational process that can cause influences on the soccer performance of young athletes. In addition to this fact, a specificity of each position within the field is related as anthropometric...

Objetivo: Obter informações sobre desequilíbrio muscular em atletas de elite do futebol brasileiro das categorias Sub-17, Sub-20 e Profissional, explorando relações com posições de jogo. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 105 atletas, divididos em três categorias: Sub-17, Sub-20 e Profissional. As posições de jogo estabelecidas foram:...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the injuries affected in young soccer athletes of high performance categories, under (U)-11, U-13, U-15, U-17 and U-20 years and the associations between the variables related the injuries. Material and method: Data were collected from medical records of the medical department of 143 injured athlet...

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 434-445, 2017. The purpose of this study was to compare the hypotensive responses of reciprocal supersets (SS) versus traditional training (TRAD) methods. Thirteen men with at least five years of recreational experience in resistance training (RT) volunteered for the study. When completing the TRAD p...

Background: Currently the resistance training (RT), is considered a contributor to improved mental health, however, is not reported in the literature an frequency ideal of training. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the practice of RT on the psychological health of employees participating in a corporate wellness program...

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(3): 354-364, 2017. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six months of training with three different number of sets of resistance training on flexibility in young men. Forty-seven men (mean ± SD age = 24 ± 1yrs; body mass = 79.39 ± 9.12 kg; height = 174.5 ± 5.6 cm) were randomly divided...

Introdução: A força e a potência muscular têm relação direta com a capacidade funcional de idosos. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito absoluto e relativo da potência muscular de membros inferiores em idosos portadores de doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Dez homens sedentários participaram de 24 sessões de treinamento de força compostas por 2 séries...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different recovery periods (24h, 48h, and 72h) between repeated resistance training (RT) sessions for the upper body muscles on repetition performance and blood lactate responses in trained men. Sixteen recreationally trained men (age: 26.1 ± 3.1 years; height: 179 ± 4.5 cm; body mass: 82.6 ± 4...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern of blood pressure during different moments of recovery from two 10 RM tests in hypertensive women. Twenty sedentary women subjects with hypertension (56.9 ± 7.4 yrs; 69.6 ± 15.6 kg; 1.52 ± 5.3 m) underwent familiarization sessions and two 10 repetition maximum test (10 RM) in the bench press and...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare traditional strength training (TST) and complex contrast training (CCT) on the repeated-shuttle-sprint ability (RSSA), the countermovement squat jump (CMJ) height, the one repetition maximum (1RM) at squat on the Smith machine, and on muscle architecture in young, male elite soccer players. METHO...

This study aimed to compare the blood pressure responses in normotensive-trained men following resistance training (RT) experimental sessions with loads of 60% and 80% of a one-repetition maximum. Ten participants underwent three experimental condition: (P60) – session adjusted with 60%, (P80) – session adjusted with 80% of 1 repetition maximum (1R...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the speed of execution in resistance training on the cardiovascular responses. The sample was composed of 8 subjects (26.0 ± 6.1 yrs; 69.1 ± 8.2 kg; 170.0 ± 5.3 cm). All subjects were submitted to two different resistance training sessions. Their cardiovascular responses were measured during tw...

The aim of this study was to compare the values of oxygen uptake (VO2) during and after strength training exercises (STe) and ergometer exercises (Ee), matched for intensity and exercise time. Eight men (24 ± 2.33 years) performed upper and lower body cycling Ee at the individual's ventilatory threshold (VE/VCO2). The STe session included half squa...

O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de comparar a influência de diferentes ordenações de exercícios e do tempo de intervalo de descanso entre as séries sobre o desempenho de repetições e volume total de trabalho (VTT) em sessões de treinamento de força (TF) voltadas para a resistência muscular localizada (RML).

Figueiredo, T, Willardson, JM, Miranda, H, Bentes, CM, Machado Reis, V, Freitas de Salles, B, and Simão, R. Influence of rest interval length between sets on blood pressure and heart rate variability after a strength training session performed by prehypertensive men. J Strength Cond Res 30(7): 1813-1824, 2016-The purposes of this study were to comp...

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de comparar a influência de diferentes ordenações de exercícios e do tempo de intervalo de descanso entre as séries sobre o desempenho de repetições e volume total de trabalho (VTT) em sessões de treinamento de força (TF) voltadas para a resistência muscular localizada (RML). Doze homens treinados (25,6 ±...

This study evaluated the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on resistance exercise performance in upper limbs. After 12-RM load determination, 21 men attended 4 trials separated by 3 days in a randomized crossover design: IPC (4×5-min occlusion 220 mmHg/reperfusion 0 mmHg) in arms and in thighs, and SHAM (equal to the IPC protocol but "occlus...

Introduction: Prescription of resistance training (RT) is increasing among teenagers, requiring further studies to investigate the effects on this population. Objective: To examine the different orders on exercises sequence and its influence on the number of repetitions in teenager. Methods: Participated in the study 12 voluntarily male teenagers (...

This study examined the influence of exercise order on one repetition maximum (1-RM) and 10-RM load determination. Ten trained men participated in this study. The data were collected in two phases: Determination of 1-RM and 10-RM loads for the bench press (BP), leg press (LP), machine lat pull-down (LPD), free-weight shoulder press (SP), standing f...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the autonomic cardiac modulation between professional volleyball players (VP) and recreational aerobically trained individuals (RAT). Methods: Twenty-eight men were divided into two groups, (VP; n = 14) and (RAT; n = 14) and each group was subjected to a sub-maximal progressive ramp treadmill test...

Football Medicine Strategies - Return to Play

In its last position stand about strength training, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends a rest interval (RI) between sets ranging between 1 and 3 min, varying in accordance with the objective. However, there is no consensus regarding the optimal recovery between sets, and most studies have investigated fixed intervals. Therefore, the...

Figueiredo T, Miranda H, Willardson JM, Schneider A, de Salles BF, Spineti J, Paz GA, Santana H, Simão R. Influence of Exercise Order on One and Ten Repetition Maximum Loads Determination. JEPonline 2016;19(2):84-90. This study examined the influence of exercise order on one repetition maximum (1-RM) and 10-RM load determination. Ten trained men pa...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of training at different ranges of motion during the squat exercise on joint-angle specific strength adaptations. Methods Twenty eight men were randomly assigned to one of three training groups, differing only in the depth of squats (quarter squat, half squat, and full squat) performed...

The purpose of this study is to provide descriptive and comparative information regarding the cardiorespiratory fitness of professional baseball pitchers. Twenty-four (n = 24) major league (ML) baseball pitchers (starters n = 14; relievers n = 10) over seven seasons (2007–2013) were evaluated. A modified Bruce protocol and the CardioCoach™ CO2 meta...

Introdução: O fortalecimento dos músculos extensores do tronco é importante para prevenção da lombalgia. Porém, não está estabelecido se um treinamento não específico para esta região é suficiente. Objetivo: comparar a força dos extensores do tronco de sujeitos sedentários e praticantes de treinamento resistido (TR) que não realizavam exercícios es...

Several studies have shown that physically active people enjoy better quality of life. As such, there are several exercise programs aimed towards health promotion and wellness in diferente kinds of industries around the world. These programs promote the practice of physical exercise in the workplace and some use resistance exercise (RE) as an impor...