Robert Courtois

University of Tours | UFR · Département de psychologie

Introduction Pornography use is a common sexual activity with potentially addictive use in some people. Even though craving is being recognized as an important characteristic of addictive behaviors, there is a lack of a specific validated instrument measuring the pornography craving experience. The present study aimed at adapting and validating an...

Emerging adults can experience conflicts with their dating partner, leading to intimate partner violence (IPV). In order to understand the vulnerability factors involved in IPV victimization, the current study explored a serial multiple mediation model to determine the links between parental attachment (to the father and mother), self-esteem, and s...

https://sesrfrance.hypotheses.org/1093 SYNTHESE COURTE Contexte et objectifs du projet Les violences dans les relations amoureuses (VRA) représentent un véritable problème de santé publique. Elles sont définies comme « tout comportement au sein d’une relation intime qui cause un préjudice ou des souffrances physiques, psychologiques ou sexuelles,...

Understanding the dynamics and vulnerability factors involved in intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among emerging adults is important in order to better prevent it from happening. The current study aimed to investigate the relationships among dysfunctional attitudes, sociotropy-autonomy, and types of IPV victimization (i.e., psychologic...

Although there are many studies examining the psychosocial vulnerability factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in emerging adulthood, little is known about the life skills that may be involved, such as social problem solving (SPS) and self-esteem. The aim of the current study is to explore the relationships between SPS, self-este...

Objective Despite the availability of thousands of mental health applications, the extent to which they are used and the factors associated with their use remain largely unknown. The present study aims to (a) assess in a representative US-based population sample the use of smartphone apps for mental health and wellbeing (SAMHW), (b) determine the v...

Pourquoi l'évaluation structurée du risque de récidive violente et sexuelle est une pratique marginale en France ? Revue systématique de la littérature Why is structured assessment of the risk of violent and sexual recidivism a marginal practice in France? A systematic review. Résumé : En France, l'évaluation structurée du risque de récidive est pe...

Introduction: The categorical approach in psychiatry has received many criticisms. Modern research tends to develop a transdiagnostic approach. However, transdiagnostic works lack an overall understanding and focus mainly on anxiety and depression. The aim of the present study was to develop an easy to use tool to evaluate multiple dimensions open...

Background Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the ment...

The aim of this study was to realize a French adaptation of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2), and to further examine the BFI-2’s convergent and discriminant validity via a comparison with the NEO-PI-3 and with the syndromes assessed by the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). Bifactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling almost fully supported the BFI...

Un guide pratique, complet et progressif indispensable pour préparer et rédiger son mémoire en psycho. Les mémoires ou travaux et recherches de fin d’année représentent toujours des enjeux majeurs pour les étudiants. Comment bien réussir ce travail d’étude et de recherche ? Quelle méthodologie utiliser ? Ce livre est un guide complet, clair, qui ex...

Background There is ongoing debate about the importance and the extent to which psychological and psychopathological factors, adverse childhood experience, and socio-demographic characteristics are associated with the development of certain types of rheumatic disease. With the aim of contributing to knowledge on the subject, the present study uses...

Introduction The aim of this study is to propose a typology of recidivism risk profiles based on the criminogenic needs of a population of men sentenced for sexual violence. Their socio-demographic, criminological, psychological, and psychiatric factors and vulnerabilities are compared. This classification will respond to the need for a better iden...

Introduction The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) is one of the best-known recidivism risk instruments. In France, this scale is rarely used because no study had yet been carried out to confirm its psychometric properties on samples of French offenders. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the LS/CMI o...

Résumé Introduction La diversité des sources d’informations recueillies lors des évaluations du risque de récidive sexuelle, violente ou générale d’infracteurs sexuels et/ou violents est primordiale. En France, un accès limité aux informations contenues dans les dossiers médicaux et pénaux pourrait entraîner une utilisation erronée de ces échelles...

Introduction: The Historical, Clinical and Risk Management Scale 20 is a structured tool to assess the risk of violence and assist in its management. French professionals are reluctant to use it because only a few studies have shown its psychometric qualities with French samples. The objective of this study is to test the psychometric qualities of...

Introduction Currently, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) targets multiple cognitive processes. However, only a few studies have focused on the interaction among these processes. Preliminary studies have identified a moderation effect of rumination on the link between thought content and emotional difficulties, and a mediation effect of ruminations...

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the French version of the Positivity scale (P scale), a self-report measure of positivity, which is the tendency to view and address life and experience with a positive outlook. Positivity is seen as a latent factor underlying multiple cognitive concepts such as self...

Résumé Le harcèlement suppose l’existence de comportements intentionnels agressifs et répétitifs qui visent à nuire à une personne ou à obtenir d’elle un acte imposé, dans le cadre d’une relation asymétrique, de type dominant-dominé. Il existe des similitudes entre les différentes formes de harcèlement qui sont en grande partie caractérisées par le...

Résumé L’impulsivité est un facteur psychologique qui est souvent considéré comme une cible de traitement pour prévenir la récidive chez les Auteurs d’Infractions à Caractère Sexuel (AICS). Mais les liens entre l’impulsivité et la récidive sont contradictoires. Cette étude tente d’examiner la relation entre le risque de récidive et l’impulsivité ch...

Abstract. Introduction. Acceptance of the Rape Myths (ARM) refers to a set of attitudes, beliefs and stereotypes that tend to make women responsible for rapes or sexual assaults, and to rationalize, minimize or justify the behaviors of sexual offenders. ARM can also promote intimate partner violence (spousal rape). Domestic violence is generally as...

Brain changes associated with the personality trait of neuroticism have been partly elucidated. While subcortical brain volume changes, especially a larger amygdala, appear consistent in high neuroticism, functional changes, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) differences, have shown conflicting results, possibly because of the limitations in methods...

https://theconversation.com/identifier-les-mecanismes-de-la-pedocriminalite-156918

https://theconversation.com/ces-climats-familiaux-qui-favorisent-linceste-153954

Abstract Background: Fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and Sjögren’s syndrome are chronic rheumatic diseases with very different clinical characteristics, but which share symptoms such as pain and fatigue. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of the disease on psychological adaptation in fibromyalgia compared to other...

Texte du résumé de la présentation : Nous présenterons la validation française de la forme très courte du Big Five Inventory (BFI) qui comporte 10 items (BFI-10). Il s’agissait d’examiner en la structure factorielle, la fiabilité et la validité de l’instrument, afin de déterminer s’il mesure de manière adéquate les domaines de la personnalité ou se...

Introduction. Physical Intimate Partner violence (PIPV) is a prevalent problem throughout the world, with serious negative impacts for the victims. A great deal of research is aimed at identifying vulnerability and protective factors among victims. Previous studies have associated PIPV victimization with insecure parental attachment. However, littl...

Objectives: The modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) was designed to assess food addiction using a shorter version than the YFAS 2.0. We lack data about the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 in patients with obesity, as well as studies comparing the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0 versus the full YFAS 2.0. This study...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent among patients hospitalized for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hospitalization can improve PTSD and AUD outcomes in some but not all patients, but we lack data on the baseline predictors of PTSD non-remission. This study aimed to determine the baseline risk factors for non-remitted PTSD in p...

https://theconversation.com/que-sait-on-des-auteurs-de-violences-sexuelles-entre-etudiants-140963

Child pornography involves the realisation of deviant fantasies with very specific characteristics with regard to its content and use and therefore the legal action needed to deal with it. The internet has facilitated its dissemination and access and complicates the issue but we need to be able to identify and track people who use illegal pornograp...

L'objectif de cette étude est de valider une adaptation française de la forme très courte du Big Five Inventory (BFI) qui comporte 10 items (BFI-10). Notre but était d'examiner en profondeur, en plus de la structure factorielle et de la fiabilité, la validité de cet instrument, afin de déterminer s'il mesure de manière adéquate les domaines de la p...

Résumé Introduction Le SAST (Sexual Addiction Screening Test) est l’un des outils les plus fréquemment utilisés sur un plan international pour évaluer l’addiction sexuelle. L’objectif de cette étude est de traduire la version anglophone du SAST, d’adapter et d’analyser les qualités psychométriques de sa version francophone (le SAST-Fr) et la valid...

Résumé Les Cercles de Soutien et de Responsabilité (CSR), nés il y a 24 ans à Hamilton au Canada pour répondre à l'inquiétude du public provoquée par le retour des délinquants sexuels dans la société après leur libération, se développent partout dans le monde. Ils proposent l’accompagnement de l’agresseur dans sa réinsertion sociale. Efficaces dan...

Introduction. L’usage problématique d’Internet est un comportement à risque qui présente des critères communs avec les addictions. L’addiction à Internet a été investiguée et définie par Young qui a créé un outil de mesure encore valide aujourd’hui : l’Internet Addiction Test (1998). Les adolescents sont considérés comme une population particulière...

The determinants of dropping out in secondary education: a literature review. Abstract Introduction. Dropping out of school is a research topic with various dimensions: non-graduation, school leaving, absenteeism, school failure and school refusal. It involves processes determined by various factors - individual, social, familial and institutional....

Points essentiels : - La perception actuelle du viol conjugal est différente selon le point de vue adopté : légal ou sociétal, français ou américain ; - La qualification légale a évolué au fil des siècles, parallèlement à la reconnaissance progressive de différentes formes de violences (physiques, morales) ; - Sa considération actuelle comme cir...

Background and aims: Cybersex is increasingly associated with concerns about compulsive use. The aim of this study was to assess the roles of motives and sexual desire in the compulsive use of cybersex. Methods: The sample consisted of 306 cybersex users (150 men and 156 women). The participants were assessed using the Compulsive Internet Use Sc...

Introduction. Les représentations sociales concernant les auteurs de violences sexuelles (AVS) sont habituellement péjoratives. L’objectif de cette étude est l’élaboration d’une échelle d’évaluation de ces représentations, la comparaison des attitudes des professionnels à la population générale, la prise en compte des antécédents de violences sexue...

The community approach in health makes it possible to act on inequalities of health, we wished to develop it with populations originating from sub-Saharan Africa in France. We measured the effects on health behaviors in terms of intercultural relationships. This approach is based on a methodology consisting of both research tools in psychology, pro...

Les violences sexuelles, dont le viol est l’un des extrêmes, suscitent dans la population générale des attitudes de négation, de minimisation ou de justification des faits, ou encore la responsabilisation de la victime, traduisant l’adhésion à un ensemble d’attitudes, de croyances et de stéréotypes que l’on appelle Mythe du viol. L’acceptation du M...

Introduction : L’objectif de cette étude est d’étudier l’influence des traits de personnalité selon le modèle des cinq grands facteurs de personnalité (Five Factor Model) sur différents facteurs de risque de décrochage en études supérieures, à la fois par l’évaluation directe de leur influence et le recours au modèle de profils de personnalité défi...

We examined the relationship between Big Five personality and narcissistic traits and video game players' profiles. A total of 546 game users (78.8% men, 21.2% women; M age = 21.64 years, SD = 4.78) completed self-report measures of personality traits, including Narcissism subdimensions, and different video game playing behaviors (time spent playin...

Emotional incest: proposal of objective criteria for use with young people referred to Therapeutic, Educational and Pedagogical Institutes (ITEP) Introduction. The consequences of sexual violence have a negative impact on the child’s subsequent development. Emotional incest is harmful to the child, even if there are no actual physical acts; its co...

Les personnes accueillies dans une communauté d’Emmaüs représentent une population très hétérogène au sein de laquelle il peut y avoir des auteurs d’infractions à caractère sexuel (AICS). Ces communautés offrent théoriquement à toutes personnes la possibilité de les rejoindre pourvu qu’en échange elles puissent travailler pour faire vivre la collec...

The food addiction concept postulates that it is be possible to become addicted to some specific types of foods (i.e., foods high in sugar, fat and/or salt, especially processed foods), and that these people do share symptoms with recognized substance-related and addictive disorders: craving to and loss of control over these foods, existence of har...

Abstract: Sexual offenders (SA) constitute a heterogeneous population, with complex issues. The consequences of their action are however always traumatic. It is therefore essential to understand their functioning. A growing number of clinicians and researchers have been interested in the neuropsychology of sexual offenders. Their studies showed tha...

Abstract Introduction: Exposure to traumatic events is common in police work, and its psychological impact on officers may take the form of severe PTSD symptomatology. Personality traits such as hardiness could be protective against mental health outcomes and help withstand stress and trauma. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship...

Abstract Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is rare among police officers, but the symptoms of PTSD are not. Personality traits can be a contributing factor of stress disorders. Based on the Big Five personality traits, three personality profiles can be identified: Resilient, Overcontrolled, and Undercontrolled. Resilient people a...

Résumé Une recherche interventionnelle en santé publique a été menée auprès de populations originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne vivant en France. Avec le projet d’agir sur les inégalités de santé par l’éducation pour la santé, les chercheurs se sont notamment intéressés aux liens entre relations interculturelles et amélioration des comportements de...

Résumé Introduction La personnalité des patients fibromyalgiques fait encore débat. Certaines études ont mis en évidence un score élevé de Névrosisme associé à une faible extraversion, tandis que d’autres n’ont pas trouvé de différence entre ces traits de personnalité et ceux observés dans la population générale. Les facteurs de personnalité partic...

La télémédecine est une technique qui a fait ses preuves dans de nombreux domaines. La psychiatrie légale française pourrait s’inspirer de ce succès afin d’améliorer la pratique de l’expertise psychiatrique. Dans cet article, nous nous attachons à analyser les bénéfices et les limites de la visioconférence dans la réalisation des expertises psychia...

INTRODUCTION The Big Five Inventory (BFI) developed by John et al. (1991) is one of the most widely accepted tools for assessing dimensions of personality. It comprises 44 items that assess five broad dimensions of personality (the Big Five Factors): Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Openness to experience. Based on co...

An interventional research study in public health was carried out with populations originating from sub-Saharan Africa living in France. With the aim of acting on health inequalities through health education, the researchers focused notably on the links between intercultural relationships and the improvement of health promotion actions. Une recher...

Background: The "food addiction" phenotype identifies a subpopulation of individuals experiencing substance-dependence symptoms toward specific foods. In the current debate on whether the "food addiction" phenotype should be considered as an addictive disorder, assessment of the personality traits associated with this phenotype would provide argum...

Sexual behavior is a normative part of the transition to adulthood, with an intensification of the exploration of the links between self-esteem, sexuality, and physical self-perception. This study examined the relationships between sexual risk–safety behaviors and overall physical self-concept, as well as its subdimensions such as sports ability, b...

Introduction Les populations d'Afrique subsaharienne, après immigration en France, gardent souvent des modes de vie similaires par communautés, d'autant que les politiques de logements favorisent leurs regroupements dans des quartiers prioritaires. Réfléchir aux enjeux de la promotion de la santé, nécessite d'explorer les politiques de santé des pa...