Rizwan Mehmood Bhatti

University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore | UET · Department of Chemistry

This research aims to explore the sustainable utilization of small urban watercourses by integrating alternative water sources such as reclaimed wastewater, rainwater, and greywater. The study will investigate the correlation between water quality and its suitability for irrigation, with a focus on urban agriculture and food security. The research...

This research proposal focuses on the valorization of by-products and waste streams generated from grape processing. The wine and juice industries produce significant quantities of waste, including grape pomace (skins, seeds, and stems), which are typically underutilized or disposed of, despite their rich content of bioactive compounds like polyphe...

This research proposal aims to explore the production and characterization of bioactive compounds from the basidiocarp extracts of laccate Ganoderma species. These fungi, known for their glossy, lacquer-like appearance, are valued in traditional and modern medicine for their potential therapeutic benefits. However, their full bioactive profile rema...

This study explores the potential of minimal food processing technologies, such as High-Pressure Processing (HPP) and Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF), to enhance food preservation while maintaining nutritional and sensory qualities. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of these methods in ensuring food safety, extending shelf life, and...

This research proposal focuses on employing sophisticated Mass Spectrometric techniques to investigate Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in food and water. The project hopes to give significant data for public health, regulatory choices, and scientific developments by anticipating outcomes such as a comprehensive PFAS profile, geographical variances...

The goal of this research proposal is to examine the complex dynamics of bacterial colonization on food and food contact surfaces, with an emphasis on full characterization and knowledge of microbial ecology. Bacterial contamination in the food sector poses serious public health risks, demanding careful research of the different bacterial populatio...

The purpose of this research project is to investigate "Environmentally Friendly Alternatives to Increase Microbiological Safety and Quality of Vegetables." This study highlights the critical need for sustainable agriculture techniques in response to the increasing demand for safe and high-quality veggies. The introduction emphasizes the growing re...

The research proposal, titled "Enhancing Food Safety through the Integration of Safety Science into Supply Chains: A Holistic Approach," aims to create a thorough risk evaluation framework, use modern technologies, and investigate the integration of blockchain for resilient and transparent food supply chains, thereby contributing towards both educa...

Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) constitute complicated sugars contained in human breast milk that play an important role in the health and development of infants. The purpose of this study proposal is to investigate the many characteristics of HMOs and their possible application in enhancing baby nutrition.

This study attempts to give a complete knowledge of hunger, its underlying causes, and the efficacy of various initiatives targeted at eradicating it. It takes a mixed-methods approach to data collecting and analysis, integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies. To collect data, the project will investigate global hunger indices, socioec...

The goal of the research is to look into the transformational potential of food biopolymers in the production of high-quality plant-based meals. The project aims to optimize formulations, improve techno-functionalities, and perform comparative comparisons with meat-based products by focusing on proteins, starches, and fibers obtained from plants. T...

The goal of this study is to develop a vitamin and omega-3 fatty acid premix for strengthening functional meals. It is a multi-phase process that includes a study of the literature, formulation, testing, and conclusion. The study focuses on better nutritional value, bioavailability, and customer acceptability. It will last three years and will incl...

Agriculture is at the cutting edge of bridging the gap between growing populations and food demand in a period of developing global problems. Agriculture's technological breakthroughs and sustainable practices have become critical in feeding the world's growing population while also safeguarding the health of our planet. The purpose of this essay i...

A fundamental component of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, achieving Zero Hunger by 2030, needs a transformational restructuring of global food systems. This ambitious project strives not just for food supply, but also for fair access to safe, nutritious food for all. At the core of this quest is the critical function of policy fr...

Advancement toward the United Nations objective of "Zero Hunger" by 2030 was made in 2023, with lower Global Hunger Index scores and higher agricultural output. However, issues such as violence, climate change, poverty, and food waste continue to exist. Global activities, such as encouraging peace, climate resilience, economic growth, waste reducti...

Milk is a complex mixture of lactose, nutrients, proteins, fats, and other ingredients that can be infected with multiple toxins, such as aflatoxin. This research was carried out by the Food Microbiology Laboratory, the Food Analysis Laboratory, and Nutrition at the University of Sargodha and the Hi Tech Laboratory of the Department of Zoology at t...

Objectives: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease that can range from hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recently, ketogenic diet (KD), a low carbohydrate diet, gained popularity as a weight-loss approach, although it has been repo...

Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) has become redoubtable task to combat the amorphous nature of conflicts around the globe. Extremism is a daunting phenomenon which requires persistent efforts at societal, political and socio-economic level to counter the recurrence, resurgence and involvement of hostile extraneous agencies to disrupt the peace in...

Schizophrenia is considered to be the heartland of psychiatry and core of its clinical practice. There have been disagreements regarding its diagnostic criteria. Schneiderian first rank symptoms have been given much importance ill international classification systems. Prevalence of first rank symptoms has been reported to be from 28% to 73%. This s...

The religious outfits have emerged like a juggernaut force in Election, 2018, though all the religious parties opposed existence of Pakistan. The political history of Pakistan is a saga of confrontation among political and extremist elements. The political Islamists wield considerable strength on the country disproportionate to political and electo...

Afghanistan is a landlocked Country and it’s topographically surrounded by East West and North South extensions of Hindukush range which traps the invaders. It forms a crucial bridge which connects the Southern and Eastern Asia to Central Asia and West Asia. Afghanistan has enormous importance for the global world during the 19th century, the area...

Afghanistan is a landlocked Country and it’s topographically surrounded by East West and North South extensions of Hindukush range which traps the invaders. It forms a crucial bridge which connects the Southern and Eastern Asia to Central Asia and West Asia. Afghanistan has enormous importance for the global world during the 19th century, the area...

Afghanistan is a landlocked Country and it’s topographically surrounded by East West and North South extensions of Hindukush range which traps the invaders. It forms a crucial bridge which connects the Southern and Eastern Asia to Central Asia and West Asia. Afghanistan has enormous importance for the global world during the 19th century, the area...

Heterocyclic Chemistry is the backbone of medicinal compounds that exhibits numerous biological activities. Pyrazole and its derivatives possess nitrogen atom along with carbon atom as a substitution and show a diversity of biological activities such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, antifung...

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has its significance during the combustion of heavy hydrocarbons in the internal combustion (IC) engines. Owing to its importance the measurements of H2O2 dissociation rate have been reported mostly using the shock tube apparatus. These types of experimental measurements are although quite reliable but require high cost. On...

In synthetic chemistry, five and six membered heterocyclic is the backbone for molecule generation. Pyrazoline is five membered heterocyclic molecules that show numerous activities pharmaceutically as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiepileptic, antidepressant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, MAO inhibitors, antibacterial, antioxidant,...

Aim: To determine average age at menopause in women having natural menopause and identify climacteric symptoms occurring after menopause. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan from April 2011 to September 2011. A total of 89 subjects were included in the study....

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and incidence of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in eyes with inactive extramacular cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Methods: A case-control report from a longitudinal multicenter observational study by the Studies of the Ocular Complications of AIDS (SOC...

The demand for sustainable and renewable sources of energy and raw materials has led to increased interest in non-food crops like Camelina sativa for biofuel and bio-based product production. Because of its excellent quality culinary oil, favorable agronomic features, and possible industry uses, Camelina (Camelina sativa L) is a viable alternative...

A systematic set of single-pass full penetration friction stir bead-on-plate and butt-welds in HSLA-65 steel were produced using a range of different traverse speeds (50 to 500 mm/min) and two tool materials (W-Re and PCBN). Microstructural analysis of the welds was carried out using optical microscopy, and hardness variations were also mapped acro...

Several aspects of metal gettering at internal oxide particle sites in Cz Si have been studied by ‘haze tests’, scanning infra-red microscopy (SIRM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Haze tests indicated that complete gettering of Cu, Ni, Co and Pd can occur even when the amount of oxygen precipitated is below the detectable limit. TEM sh...

Objective: 1 To determine frequency of mothers who are not exclusive breast feeding. 2 To determine factors preventing to not exclusively breast feeding in infants (0-6 month) presenting to tertiary care hospitals. Study design: Cross sectional Descriptive Place and duration of study: Study was performed in Children Hospital Chandka Medical College...

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in women with breast cancer and relate this to age, ethnic group, disease stage, and seasonal variation. Methods: Levels of serum 25-OHD were requested on blood samples collected from 129...

The global lapatinib expanded access programme provided access to lapatinib combined with capecitabine for women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who previously received anthracycline, taxane and trastuzumab. Progression-free survival (PFS) and safety data for 356 patients recruited from the United Kingdom are reported. Efficacy wa...

Purpose: To report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis as the presenting sign of a disseminated Scedosporium prolificans infection. Methods: A 38-year-old woman on chronic immunosuppressive treatment for a cardiac transplant was examined for blurry vision in her right eye. Dilated fundus examination in the right eye revealed a large serous retinal...

To compare the sensitivities of high-speed Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) and conventional time-domain (TD) OCT for the detection of clinical findings important in the management of common vitreoretinal disorders. Prospective, observational study. FD-OCT scans (128 B scans x 512 A scans) were obtained using a prototype instrum...

The study on 600 pregnant women attending Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences was carried out to evaluate the percentage of anaemia cases present in the District Hyderabad and its surrounding adjoining areas among pregnant women. Haemoglobin (Hb) levels less than 10 g /dl was observed in 59% of the cases and 41% were with maximum of 1...

To report an unusual case of paraneoplastic pseudovitelliform lesions associated with melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR). Observational case report. Retrospective review of the ophthalmic examination, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, electroretinogram (ERG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of a patient with MAR. A 65-year-old...

Removal of the posterior hyaloid is an important aspect of pars plana vitrectomy surgery in cases including but not limited to macular holes. A surgical technique is described in which the Weiss ring can be easily detached from the optic nerve with little to no trauma.

Twenty-four buffalo calves of approximately same age (six month to one year of age) were used to monitor the immune response of haemorrhagic septicemia oil adjuvant (HSOAV) and alum precipitated (HSAPV) vaccines. Twenty-four calves after de-worming were divided in three groups, i.e. A, B and C, comprising of eight animals each. Group A was vaccinat...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the potency and safety of haemorrhagic septicaemia oil adjuvant vaccine in Swiss albino mice via subcutaneous route of inoculation. The vaccine was proved successful as it gave 70 to 100% protection in Swiss albino mice.

The population genetic studies on a small sub-tribe of 50 strictly endogamous individuals, i.e., Setharani (tribe Noohani) settled in southern Sindh (Pakistan) suggest a typical allelic frequencies of Rh (D=1.0, d = 0.0) and ABO (A = 0.58, B = 0.05, 0 = 0.40). This frequency is different from main Noohani tribe, settled in the northern Sindh and ot...

Beta-carotene 15,15' monooxygenase (beta-CM) catalyzes the central cleavage of beta-carotene to all-trans-retinal, the first step in vitamin A synthesis. This study was conducted to determine the expression of beta-CM in the mammalian retina and RPE, to assess its relevance in carotenoid-retinoid metabolism in the retina and RPE. RT-PCR was used to...

purpose. β-Carotene 15,15′ monooxygenase (β-CM) catalyzes the central cleavage of β-carotene to all-trans-retinal, the first step in vitamin A synthesis. This study was conducted to determine the expression of β-CM in the mammalian retina and RPE, to assess its relevance in carotenoid-retinoid metabolism in the retina and RPE. methods. RT-PCR was u...

Surgical techniques of foraminotomy for decompression of the cervical nerve have been well described in the literature. Excessive resection of the facet joint and laminae may decrease segmental stability and increase scar formation. How much bony resection is adequate to remove a soft or hard disc herniation is not known. No studies regarding this...

A Nigerian dwarf goat intended for the production of antibodies to staphylococcal enterotoxin-B exhibited classical signs of a type 1 anaphylactic reaction 2 to 3 min after parenteral introduction of this antigen. The exquisite sensitivity demonstrated in concert with the pathognomonic signs appeared to make the breed and species an excellent model...

A highly sensitive fluorogenic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FELISA) has been adapted for the detection of Vipera russelli venom. The assay sensitivity was observed to be 0.1 pg/ml (1 x 10(-13) g/ml). Venoms from snakes of the Vipera group exhibited a high degree of cross-reactivity when tested with the antibody raised against V. russelli veno...

Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against Francisella tularensis cellular antigens were produced and characterized. These monoclonal antibodies reacted with F. tularensis in ELISA but not by immunoblot, indicating that the antibodies are directed against conformational epitopes. One of these monoclonal antibodies was directed against outer...

Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against Francisella tularensis cellular antigens were isolated. These monoclonal antibodies reacted with killed whole cells of F. tularensis in the ELISA but not by immunoblot, indicating that the antibodies were directed against conformational epitopes. One of these monoclonal antibodies was directed prin...

Different test performance and modeling results pertinent to capillary pumped heat transport systems are presented. The test results of an aluminum/ammonia two phase capillary pumped loop showed a heat transport capability between 250 W and 7.5 kW over a distance of 10 m. Emphasis is given to the loop in general and to the flat shaped evaporator pe...

A new passive cryogenic heat switch which is capable of thermally disconnecting a nonoperating cryocooler is considered. The design uses the principle of an amplified differential contraction between two dissimilar materials with metal-metal contact and a flexible coupling. An on resistance of 3.64 K/W and an off resistance of greater than 2000 K/W...

A highly sensitive fluorogenic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FELISA), which utilizes nitrocellulose membranes as solid phase support and a fluorogenic substrate to indicate the antigen, has been adapted for the rapid identification of Francisella tularensis. Multiple samples were assayed in approximately 6 h by this method. The sensitivity ach...

The highly sensitive fluorogenic Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (FELISA) has been adapted for the detection and identification of Vipera russelli venom. The assay sensitivity was observed to be 10 to the minus 13th power g ml to the (-1) power. Venoms from snakes of the Vipera group exhibited a high degree of cross reactivity when tested with th...

In the course of a population study of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and the post-partum period, 65 women, considered to be antibody-positive (microsomal and thyroglobulin), and 82 antibody-negative women were assessed for postnatal depression at 6-8 weeks post partum. The women were also assessed for the development of post-partum thyroid dysfu...

Bacterial Blight of Paddy is one of the most devastating diseases of this important cash crop. This article has been published in a widely circulated Farmer's Journal to adopt precautionary and management measures for this disease in Pakistan.

This paper presents the general objectives, the design concept and the potential performances of the two-phase capillary pumping loop (CPL) as a heat transportation system. In particular the actual design of the ESA funded development program 'CPL', designed and developed by SABCA and DORNIER will be shown as well as of its development status. Resu...

Bacterial diseases of Potato and Their management for the benefit of Potato Growers of Central Punjab.

Proteolytic enzymes are produced by animal as well as human pathogens. Several micro-organisms including Neisseriae produce IgA1 specific proteases. This protease specifically hydrolyses IgA1 protein. IgA1-specific protease(s) synthesized by Neisseria species are briefly reviewed with particular reference to their role in infection.

Xanthomonag campestris pv. malvacearum (Smith) Dye inoculated on single on both cotyledonary leaves of cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. produced water soaking and necrosis at the infection site as well as on the non—inoculated secondary leaves thus indicating the systemic nature of the disease. Inoculation of both cotyledonary leaves slightly suppresse...

The microstructures ofβ′-Si-Al-O-N ceramics of base composition Si4Al2O2N6 with large MgO additive (6 to 7 wt %) have been compared in the hot-pressed and sintered conditions. In both ceramics Mg shows only a small solubility inβ′ crystals and is mainly segregated in a “matrix” phase. In hot-pressed materials this is an Mg-Al-silicate glass whereas...

The microstructures of β′-Si-Al-O-N ceramics of base composition Si4Al2O2N6 with large MgO additive (6 to 7 wt %) have been compared in the hot-pressed and sintered conditions. In both ceramics Mg shows only a small solubility in β′ crystals and is mainly segregated in a “matrix” phase. In hot-pressed materials this is an Mg-Al-silicate glass where...

Fine-grained ceramics, based on the substituted β-Si3N4 crystal structure, have been prepared with near theoretical densities by pressureless sintering of compacts containing a large Y2O3 additive concentration. The microstructure contains two phases, β and an Y/Al rich “silicate” glassy matrix, in the “as-sintered” condition. The matrix may be cry...

The membrane-bound adenosine triphosphatase of marine pseudomonad B-16, when solubilized, is able to rebind to depleted membrane residues of the bacterium and to those of Escherichia coli.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) releases four periplasm-located enzymes, i.e., ribonuclease (EC 3.1.4.22; EC 3.1.4.23), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), cyclic-2', 3'-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.d), and 5'-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) into the medium during growth. Ribonuclease and alkaline phosphatase are classed as enzymes which are readily ext...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa grows at an apparent reduced rate at 46 C as compared with the rate at 37 C, when growth is measured as an increase in absorbance. Cells at 46 C are long, plasmolyzed, nonmotile filaments. The filaments contain phase-dark material that may be chromosomal in nature. When the 46 C culture is shifted to 37 C, the filaments fragm...

The distribution of ¹⁴C-labelled assimilates in dwarf beans infected on one unifoliate with Xanthomonas phaseoli or systemically infected with the pathogen was compared with the distribution in plants subjected to water stress. Unifoliates on systemically-infected and water-stressed plants retained a much greater proportion of assimilated ¹⁴CO2 tha...

The purification and separation of two electrophoretically distinct and chemically different alkaline phosphatases from Serratia marcescens is described.