Ritu Trivedi

Central Drug Research Institute | CDRI · Endocrinology Division (CDRI), India

Before the advent of western medicines, human race was completely dependent on the traditional/folk medicinal systems which made use of herbal drugs and traditional healers to maintain physical and mental well-being. Traditional bone-setting is an alternative health service which is still famous in many parts of the world where people either do not...

Chondrocytes are the only resident cell types that form the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Inflammation alters the anabolic and catabolic regulation of chondrocytes, resulting in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The potential of TMMG, a glucuronated flavone, was explored against the pathophysiology of OA in both in vitro and in vivo mode...

In search of novel osteogenic entities, a series of twenty-seven quinazolinone-benzopyran-indole hybrids were designed and synthesized using molecular hybridization approach. All the compounds were scrutinized for their osteogenic potential, primarily based on alkaline phosphatase assay as one of the major anabolic markers. From the primary screeni...

Aims Postmenopausal osteoporosis is one of the world's biggest yet unnoticed health issues. After ovariectomy, declined estrogen level significantly contributes to the elevation of bone marrow adiposity and bone loss leading to osteoporosis. Therapeutics to prevent osteoporosis addressing various aspects are now in short supply. In this study we ma...

In our previous study, a novel BMP2 secretagogue was synthesized belonging to a class of galloyl conjugates of flavanones, with remarkable osteogenic potential that promoted bone regeneration. We aimed to establish the protective effect of our compound against bone loss that co-exists with excess Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. GC therapy induces oste...

Glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the second most leading cause of osteoporosis. We have identified a compound, a benzofuran pyran hybrid compound 4e that has osteogenic potential and we wanted to assess its efficacy in GIOP in male mice. We assessed the effect of dexamethasone and compound 4e on primary osteoblasts using various cell b...

Background: Loss of ovarian hormone in post-menopausal physiology is well known to elevate adiposity and bone loss. Therapeutics exists to prevent adiposity and bone loss separately but is fraught with enormous side effects. Objective: In our study we made an effort to synthesize self-assembled nano-formulation of naturally occurring pentacyclic tr...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Dalbergia sissoo DC. (Indian rosewood or Sheesham) is a traditional medicinal plant, reported since time immemorial for its analgesic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulatory properties. D. sissoo DC (DS). is being used traditionally to cure joint inflammation and joint pain. Aim To study the poten...

Background: Metabolic bone disorders are one of the major global concerns. Therapeutics exists but is fraught with side effects. Novel Quinazolinone-Benzopyran-indole hybrid molecules show potential as bone anabolic agent. Methodology: A series of 25 compounds were screened and taken for downstream experiments based on alkaline phosphatase activity...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an aging disorder characterized by degenerated cartilage and sub-chondral bone alteration in affected knee joints. Globally, millions of people suffer from this disease. However, there is a lack of safe and promising therapeutics, making the exploration and development of leads from natural sources urgent. Accordingly, food a...

Background Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a rich source of flavonoids and therefore widely used therapeutically as an antioxidant agent in traditional medicine. The present study was undertaken to study the bone regenerating property of dried Spinacia oleracea extract (DSE) and self-emulsifying formulation of the extract (FDSE) on drill-hole model...

Obesity and ageing increases bone marrow fat which in turn is associated with lower bone mass. Marrow adipocytes by secreting cytokines, adipokines and free fatty acids change the bone marrow milieu and thus the number of osteoblasts. Palmitate is the common saturated fatty acid, an unavoidable ingredient we consume with food, which kindles cell ap...

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by alteration in balance of various cytokines. Rheumatoid arthritis is a well-known inflammatory disease leading to destruction of cartilage at knee and hands. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a common autoimmune model for rheumatoid arthritis study. Here, we have investigated the therapeutic role of medicar...

Bone remodeling adjusts bone architecture to meet changing mechanical needs. It repairs microdamages in bone matrix preventing accumulation of old bone. It also plays an important role in maintaining plasma calcium homeostasis. During pregnancy and lactation, huge calcium demands are imposed on women. The calcium regulating, parathyroid hormone and...

The progressive development of tumor leading to angiogenesis marks the advancement of cancer which requires specific targeted treatment preferably with combination chemotherapy. However, there is still a long way to go to have efficient delivery system that could overcome the tumor microenvironment to achieve efficient delivery. Herein, we have dev...

The present investigation mainly focused on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substitution for modified physical, mechanical and biological properties of nano zirconia (nZrO2).A simple and scalable solid-state reaction method has been used to prepare a three dimensional (3-D) composites in the system [(15+x)BN-(85-x)ZrO2] (0 ≤x ≤ 55). A major novel ph...

In the last decade, several studies have reported health beneficial effects of milk derived bioactive peptides in several degenerative diseases including postmenopausal osteoporosis. Here in the present study we investigate antiosteopenic effect of buffalo milk casein-derived peptide (NAVPITPTL) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The animals were divide...

Context: The mechanism behind hypophosphatemia in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is not known. We describe a possible role of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in the pathophysiology of hypophosphatemia in a patient with NF1. Case description: A 34-year woman with NF1 presented with severe hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia, and ele...

The positive effects of the sex hormone in sustaining bone homeostasis are exercised by maintaining the equilibrium between cell activity and apoptosis. In this regard, the importance of estrogen receptors in maintaining the bone is that it is an attractive drug target, if devoid of known side effects. In this study, we show that a natural pure com...

Aim Myokines are associated with regulation of bone and muscle mass. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of myokines on glucocorticoid (GC) mediated adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system. This study investigates the role of myokine fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in regulating GC-induced deleterious effects on...

High fat diet (HFD) induced obesity has deleterious effect on bone micro-architecture and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Exogenous glucocorticoids (GC) are used to treat inflammatory conditions but with concomitant adverse effect on musculoskeletal system. This study aims to highlight the effect of exogenous GCs on musculoskelet...

Three-dimensional nanocomposites exhibit unexpected mechanical and biological properties that are produced from two-dimensional graphene nanoplatelets and oxide materials. In the present study, various composites of microwave-synthesized nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and graphene nanoparticles (GNPs), (100 − x)HAp−xGNPs (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 w...

Post-menopausal condition augments the biological aging process, characterized by multiple metabolic disorders in which bone loss is the most prevalent outcome and usually coupled with sarcopenia. Coexistence of such associated pathogenesis have much worse health outcomes, compared to individuals with osteoporosis only. Pre- and post-natal bone dev...

Cross-kingdom gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) initiated a hot debate on the effective role of orally acquired plant miRNAs on human gene expression. It resulted in the expansion of gene regulation theories and role of plant miRNAs in cross-kingdom regulation of gene expression. This opened up the discussion that "Whether we really get what we...

Parathyroid hormone (PTH; amino acid 1-34, known as teriparatide) has reported promoting differentiation and glucose uptake in osteoblasts. However, how PTH regulates glucose metabolism to facilitate osteoblast differentiation is not understood. Here, we report that PTH promotes glucose dependent miR-451a expression which stimulates osteoblast diff...

Milk contains various bioactive components with osteoanabolic properties. This study investigates the comparative effect of the whey-derived antioxidative (YVEEL) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (YLLF) bioactive peptides on bone remodelling in ovariectomised (OVX) osteoporotic rat model. OVX animals were administered with antioxidative...

The combination of metabolic modulators with chemotherapy holds vast promise for effective inhibition of tumor progression and invasion. Herein, a ratiometric codelivery platform is developed for metformin (MET), a known metabolic modulator and topotecan (TPT), a chemotherapeutic drug, by engineering lipid bilayer–camouflaged mesoporous silica nano...

Recent advances and demands in biomedical applications drive a large amount of research to synthesize easily scalable low-density, high-strength, and wear-resistant biomaterials. The chemical inertness with low density combined with high strength makes h-BN one of the promising materials for such application. In this work, three-dimensional hexagon...

β-carbolines have been assessed in osteoclastogenesis. However, their effect on osteoblast during estrogen deficiency is still unclear. Here, a series of novel piperazine and tetrazole tag β-carbolines has been synthesized and examined for osteoblast differentiation in vitro. In vitro data suggest that compound 8g is the most promising osteoblast d...

Twenty-four novel benzofuran-pyran derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-osteoporotic activity in primary cultures of rat calvarial osteoblasts in vitro. Among all the compounds screened for the alkaline phosphatase activity, three compounds 4e, 4j and 4k showed potent activity at picomolar concentrations in osteoblast different...

Benzofuran moiety is an important pharmacophore showing positive effects on bone health. In the present study, sixteen benzofuran-pyran hybrids were synthesized and were evaluated for their osteogenic effects on primary osteoblast cells isolated from calvaria. Compounds 22 and 24 were found potent in stimulating osteoblast differentiation as assess...

The prospective design of nanocarriers for personalized oncotherapy should be an ensemble of targeting, imaging, and noninvasive therapeutic capabilities. Here in, we report the development of the inverse hexagonal nano liquid crystalline (NLC) particles able to host Formononetin (FMN), a phytoestrogen with known anticancer activity and Tetraphenyl...

Background Spinacia oleracea is an important dietary vegetable in India and throughout the world and has many beneficial effects. It is cultivated globally. However, its effect on osteoarthritis that mainly targets the cartilage cells remains unknown. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-osteoarthritic and chondro-protective effects of SOE o...

Objective Kaempferol (K), a dietary flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables has been reported to reverse osteopenic condition in ovariectomized rats. Since K is endowed with osteogenic activity, we hypothesized that it may have beneficial effect on glucocorticoid (GC) induced bone loss. Research Methods Adult female rats were divided into five gr...

Evidence from several studies indicates that the long-term treatment of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is associated with a decrease in bone mass and increase the risk of fractures. The present work evaluated and compared the effect of treatment with two SSRIs viz. fluoxetine and escitalopram on bone biomarkers (P1NP and βCTX) in m...

In view of the opposite effects of gut and brain serotonin in bone, the key role of Wnt β/catenin pathway in osteoblastic proliferation and the controversial bony effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors antidepressants, the present study investigated the effects of escitalopram alone and in combination with carbidopa (to block gut-derive...

Withaferin A (WFA), a highly oxygenated withanolide is used for anti-osteoporotic, fracture healing, obesity control as medicine and dietary supplement in Ayurveda and Unani medicine but its potential remains to be investigate for the osteoarthritis studies. In the present study, chondro-protective effects of WFA, under in vitro and in vivo conditi...

The present invention relates to a formulation of Spinacea oleracea useful for the prevention or treatment of osteo-health related disorders. The present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical formulation that provides extract, fractions, pure compound isolated from natural sources and formulation thereof useful for the prevention and tre...

A series of novel benzofuran-dihydropyridine hybrids were designed by molecular hybridization approach and evaluated for bone anabolic activities. Among the screened library, ethyl 4-(7-(sec-butyl)-2-(4-methylbenzoyl)benzofuran-5-yl)-2-methyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate (compound 21) significantly enhanced the ALP production...

Lanthanum oxide-strontium titanate-borosilicate glasses with increasing content of La2O3 were prepared by the melt quench technique. X-ray diffraction results revealed the amorphous nature of the prepared samples which indicated the formation of glass. In order to study the structure of various glass samples, density and molar volume were calculate...

Objective: Atherogenic diet (AD) and high fat diet (HFD) cause deleterious effect on bone micro-architecture and this phenomenon prompts aortic calcification. This study aims to show the effects of Caviunin β-d-glucopyranoside (CAFG), against bone loss and its associated aortic calcification in presence of AD and HFD challenged diets. Methods: F...

A first ever breakthrough in the area of osteoarthritis, a most common chronic condition of the joints that afflicts mainly the weight bearing joints such as hips and knees, and causes physical disabilities. At present there is no viable treatment available for osteoarthritis. CDRI Scientists has developed a "Standardized nano-formulation from Spin...

Background Oxidative stress has been implicated as a crucial pathogenic factor in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Milk-derived antioxidative peptides are gaining much attention towards the development of pro-drugs for alleviating several human diseases including osteoporosis. Objectives The present study hypothesized that antioxida...

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a heartwood ethanolic extract (HEE) made from the Dalbergia sissoo on facture healing and in the prevention of pathological bone loss resulting from estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Methods: Heartwood ethanolic extract (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg per day) was admin...

Phytochemical investigation of n-butanol fraction of Kigelia pinnata leaves lead to the isolation of six known compounds. Among them two compounds polybotrin (4), scutellarin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) have been isolated for the first time from this plant. The structure of compounds was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including one-...

Balance between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation is the key link of disease progression in obesity and osteoporosis. We have previously reported that formononetin (FNT), an isoflavone extracted from Butea monosperma, stimulates osteoblast formation and protects against postmenopausal bone loss. The inverse relationship between osteoblasts a...

Leaves of Dalbergia sissoo is known to have protective actions against postmenopausal bone loss in rat. In this study, we have evaluated the fracture healing properties of ethanolic extract (EE) of Dalbergia sissoo leaves. To observe the fracture healing property in the drill-hole injury model, we randomly divided total 32 adult female Sprague Dawl...

Objective: In this study, we have evaluated the skeletal effects of butanolic fraction (BF) from Passiflora foetida in an estrogen deficient mice bone loss model. Study design: Skeletal effect of BF was studied in ovariectomized (OVx) female Balb/c mice. BF (50 and 100mg/kg/day dose orally) was given for 8 weeks. Micro-architecture of long bones...

The chemical modifications of the hydroxyl group of dalbergin have been described via the introduction of cyclic amine, ester and amide groups. Among the twenty three prepared novel analogues of dalbergin, compound 4d (EC50 2.3 μM) showed significantly increased proliferation as assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization in calvar...

Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of extract derived from Spinacia oleracea extract (SOE) in reversing bone loss induced by ovariectomy and bone healing properties in a drill-hole fracture model in rats. Methods: SOE was administered orally for 12 weeks in adult ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats after inducing ost...

Objective: A possible role of the APC/beta-catenin pathway in the pathogenesis of sporadic juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma has been suggested. This paper presents its current status and clinical association in our patients. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted at King George Medical University and Central Drug Research In...

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the skeletal effects of dalbergin (DBN), isolated from Dalbergia sissoo heartwood, in ovariectomized (OVx) BALB/c mice, a postmenopausal osteoporosis model of bone loss. Methods: Adult BALB/c mice were used and randomly assigned in to six groups with 6 animals (n=6) in each group: sham (surgery operated wit...

Objective: An attempt is made to analyze the molecular behavior of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA). Study design: Case Series METHODS: Quantification of mRNAs expression was undertaken through real-time polymerase chain reaction in JNA (9-24) samples for VEGF-A, basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), platelet-derived growth factor PD...

A method for prevention and/or treatment of diminution of bone tissue using a composition comprising a compound selected from Withaferin A (WFA), Withanolide A, and Withanone. The composition showed enhanced WFA bioavailability in rodents against plain WFA, promotes bone marrow cell differentiation, and increases the percent of bone volume to tissu...

In the present research,we simultaneously addressed the condition of osteomyelitis and osteoporosis by developing a gelatin based chemically cross linked cryogel system embedded with CaCO3microspheres and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride was incorporated in both the microspheres and the 3Dmatrix of cryogel. The fabricated cryogel was characterizedfor th...

_Dalbergia sissoo_ Roxb. is a well known medicinal plant of India, enriched with various flavonoids used for treating multiple diseases. Earlier, we have shown that extract of _Dalbergia sissoo_ Roxb. leaves mitigate ovariectomy induced bone loss and pure compounds (neoflavonoids) isolated from it, promote osteoblastogenesis in primary calvarial os...

Terpenoids were isolated using chromatographic purification through solvent purification technique and identified as azadirone (1), epoxyazadiradione (2) azadiradione (3) gedunin (4) nimbin (5) salannin (6) azadirachtin A (7) and azadirachtin B (8) from Azadirachta indica. Out of eight compounds, only three compounds had osteogenic activity and enh...

Objective This study evaluates the effect of isoflavone cladrin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced bone loss and adipogenesis. Methods Thirty-two 4-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: a standard diet group, a HFD group and HFD group with cladrin (5 and 10 mg/kg per day orally) for 12 weeks. The effect of cladrin on bone micro-arc...

Kaempferol (KEM) has been observed to stimulate Krt-14 protein which subsequently contributes to matrix maturation and mineralization in rat primary osteoblast cells. Incorporation of Krt-14 siRNA results in reduced mRNA and protein expression after 48 h post transfection and remained low for 9 days. At day 9 Krt-14 siRNA significantly reduced mine...

Externally visible body and longitudinal bone growth is a result of proliferation of chondrocytes. In growth disorder, there is delay in the age associated increase in height. The present study evaluates the effect of extract from transgenic tomato fruit expressing AtMYB12 transcription factor on bone health including longitudinal growth. Constitut...

A series of biologically important 6-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives were synthesized by employing the silver(I) catalysed Groebke-Blackburn-Bienayme multicomponent reaction. The synthesized compounds were tested in a primary calvarial osteoblast cells by alkaline phosphatase assay and an alizarin red-S staining assay for...

A formulation of quercetin-based solid lipid nanoparticles (QSLNs) was developed to increase the bioavailability of quercetin, with an aim to evaluate its effects on bone health in comparison to free quercetin (Q). The QSLNs were prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation followed by a cold homogenization method. The QSLNs were spherical when o...