Richard J Siegert

Richard J Siegert
Auckland University of Technology | AUT · Psychology and Rehabilitation

PhD

About

301
Publications
159,277
Reads
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10,722
Citations
Additional affiliations
Position
  • Reader in Rehabilitation
January 1991 - November 2001
Victoria University of Wellington
Position
  • Professor (Associate)
February 2002 - October 2007
University of Otago
Position
  • Professor (Associate)

Publications

Publications (301)
Article
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Objective: In this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 items (DASS-21) in a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) sample. Method: Treatment-seeking adults (n = 347) were recruited from outpatient rehabilitation services in New Zealand. Dimensionality, reliability, person separation index, and d...
Article
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Background: Raising an autistic child is associated with increased parenting stress relative to raising typically developing children. Increased parenting stress is associated with lower parent wellbeing, which in turn can negatively impact child wellbeing. Aims: The current study sought to quantify parenting stress and parent health-related quali...
Article
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For years, older women accused of witchcraft have been persecuted and forced into sanctuaries known as witch camps. This highlights a lack of public policies and social support for older women facing disabilities, aging, and dementia. Labelling them as witches and isolating them from their families and familiar surroundings profoundly impacts their...
Article
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Introduction Chronic cough is considered a disorder of neuronal hypersensitivity in which patients frequently report abnormal laryngeal and chest sensations, and excessive triggers. To facilitate clinical assessment we developed the Cough Hypersensitivity Questionnaire (CHQ). Methods Candidate questionnaire items were developed following interview...
Preprint
Background: There is evidence to show that certain subgroups of depressed people also exhibit raised levels of chronic, systemic inflammation. This study tested the hypotheses that associations between inflammation and depression would be more likely for the somatic symptoms of depression and, within this symptom cluster, most likely for those symp...
Article
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Purpose Despite having the highest medical needs by population for weight loss treatment, Pacific patients in Aotearoa New Zealand face substantial levels of attrition in publicly funded weight loss surgery programs. In collaboration with the Auckland City Hospital bariatric surgery team, a Pacific-led preoperative weight loss surgery program was c...
Article
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Background Various assessment tools that explore and assess mindfulness are available. Keeping in view both the origin of and the literature surrounding mindfulness assessment tools, this study aimed to evaluate the workability of one widely researched tool, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), for establishing cross-cultural generaliza...
Chapter
The Buddhist Affective States Scale (BASS) was developed as a pilot questionnaire to enable exploration of positive and negative affect states in the context of research on meditation. This is based on the recognition that other relevant questionnaires did not have sufficient item content on emotions experienced during and after meditation. Informe...
Chapter
Generalizability Theory (G-Theory) is a statistical method used to analyze data collected by means of quantitative measures. In cases where there is a limited amount of data collected from a specific testing situation, it provides techniques to estimate the generalizability of those influences that are due to any specific factor (e.g., occasion) to...
Chapter
With the increased application of mindfulness-based interventions, the evaluation of their effectiveness requires more accurate measurement of both mindfulness and related outcomes. In particular, issues to do with reliability and validity, measurement precision (e.g., ordinal versus interval scaling), individual item functioning, and the distincti...
Article
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The network theory of psychological disorders posits that systems of symptoms cause, or are associated with, the expression of other symptoms. Substantial literature on symptom networks has been published to date, although no systematic review has been conducted exclusively on symptom networks of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and schizop...
Article
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Despite the interest in mindfulness research, there is a dearth of studies about mindfulness assessment in India. Particularly, little is known about the extent to which the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) represents content relevant for experienced meditators in Indian cultural and spiritual contexts. A sequential explanatory mixed-met...
Article
The COVID-19 pandemic has elevated levels of distress and resulted in anti-Asian discrimination in many countries. We aimed to determine the 10-month prevalence of depression symptoms in Asian adults in New Zealand during the pandemic and to see if this was related to experience of racism. An online survey was conducted and a stratified sample of 4...
Article
Introduction: Pacific adolescents in New Zealand (NZ) are three to four times more likely than NZ European adolescents to report suicide attempts and have higher rates of suicidal plans. Suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts, termed suicidality in this study, result from a complex dynamic interplay of factors, which emerging methodologies like ne...
Article
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Introduction Increasing attention on workplace wellbeing and growth in workplace wellbeing interventions has highlighted the need to measure workers' wellbeing. This systematic review sought to identify the most valid and reliable published measure/s of wellbeing for workers developed between 2010 to 2020. Methods Electronic databases Health and P...
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Aim Asians are the second largest and fastest growing non-European population in New Zealand but are under-researched in terms of their COVID-19 pandemic response. The paper aims to illustrates Asians’ risk perceptions and knowledge of COVID-19, and self-protection practices to avoid infection and prevent community transmission. Subject and method...
Article
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Objective: To examine (1) the concurrent validity of the Music Therapy Assessment Tool for Awareness in Disorders of Consciousness (MATADOC) with the criterion standard Coma Recovery Scale Revised (CRS-R) for outcomes of awareness in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDoC); (2) the relationship between MATADOC items and CRS-R fun...
Article
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Background Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness (PDOC) resulting from severe acquired brain injury can lead to complex disabilities that make diagnosis challenging. The role of machine learning (ML) in diagnosing PDOC states and identifying intervention strategies is relatively under-explored, having focused on predicting mortality and poor outcome...
Preprint
Introduction: Pacific adolescents in New Zealand (NZ) are two to three times more likely than NZ Europeans to report suicide attempts and have higher rates of suicidal plans. Suicidal thoughts and behaviours, termed suicidality in this study, result from a complex dynamic interplay of factors which emerging methodologies like network analysis aim t...
Article
Research Objectives To examine the concurrent validity of the MATADOC with the criterion standard Coma Recovery Scale (CRS-R) for diagnostic outcomes of awareness To explore the function of comparable MATADOC items and CRS-R function scales across similar domains (e.g. auditory, visual). Design Prospective multisite cohort study collected concurre...
Article
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The Asian community — the second largest non-European ethnic community in New Zealand — plays an important role in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic, evidenced by their active advocation for border control and mass masking. Despite the long history of racial discrimination against the Asian population, the Asian community has experienced certain deg...
Article
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Dementia is a major health concern globally and cross-culturally with progressive decline in cognition, mobility and communication. There are few interventions for end-stage dementia (ESD) although music interventions have been observed to be accessible for people with mid to late-stage dementia. The lack of protocols and measures suited to ESD has...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has elevated levels of distress and resulted in anti-Asian discrimination in many countries. We aimed to determine the 10-month prevalence of depression symptoms in Asian adults in New Zealand during the pandemic and to see if this was related to experience of racism. Methods Online survey of 1,101 Asians with a 36...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose Predicting emergence from prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC) is important for planning care and treatment. We used machine learning to examine which variables from routine clinical data on admission to specialist rehabilitation units best predict emergence by discharge. Materials and methods A multicentre national cohort analysis...
Article
Objective: To measure symptoms of anxiety, depression and hopelessness in a sample of young Pacific adults living in Auckland, New Zealand during the 2020/2021 COVID-19 pandemic and identify protective factors. Methods: Participants were 267 Pacific adults (58% female) who completed a survey online. Analyses included descriptive statistics, corr...
Article
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The increasing demand for palliative care in New Zealand presents a potential threat to the quality of service delivery. One strategy to overcome this is through the implementation of valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measures. This mixed-methods study aimed to (1) implement measurement-based palliative care (MBPC) in a community palliati...
Article
Background Network analysis provides opportunities to gain a greater understanding of the complex interplay of risk factors for depression and heterogeneous symptom presentations. This study used network analysis to discover risk factors associated with both depression severity and depression symptoms amongst Pacific adolescents in New Zealand. Me...
Article
Aim: To develop and validate a questionnaire to measure health CE at governance level. Method: This study used qualitative and quantitative methods (including focus groups, cognitive interviews and an international survey), and consisted of two phases. In Phase 1, an initial list of items was generated and refined with feedback from health consu...
Article
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Purpose: 1: To determine whether Total UK FIM + FAM scores can identify patients in VS/MCS. 2: Using the identified cut-off points, to examine outcomes from specialist rehabilitation. Methods: Part 1: Retrospective analysis of a consecutive clinical cohort (n = 388) presenting to a single specialist PDOC evaluation programme 2007-2021. FIM + FAM...
Article
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Aims and objectives: To identify symptom clusters and develop a symptom cluster model among people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Background: The examination of symptom clusters in COPD patients is an emerging field of scientific inquiry directed towards symptom management. However, no studies have modelled the relatio...
Article
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Context The growth of patient reported outcome measures data in palliative care provides an opportunity for machine learning to identify patterns in patient responses signifying different phases of illness. Objectives The study will explore if machine learning and network analysis can identify phases in patient palliative status through symptoms r...
Article
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Objectives Despite successful treatment, people living with HIV experience persisting and burdensome multidimensional problems. We aimed to assess the validity, reliability and responsiveness of Positive Outcomes, a patient‐reported outcome measure for use in clinical practice. Methods In all, 1392 outpatients in five European countries self‐compl...
Book
This handbook provides comprehensive coverage of assessment instruments used in mindfulness research. It discusses traditional and modern approaches used to develop psychometric measures and to establish their reliability and validity, such as classical test theory, item response theory and Rasch model, generalizability theory, facet benchmarking,...
Article
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Purpose To uncover the factors that influence inter-rater agreement when extracting stroke interventions from patient records and linking them to the relevant categories in the Extended International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for Stroke. Method Using 10 patient files, two linkers independently extracted interven...
Article
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Physiotherapists’ and general practitioners’ (GPs) treatment knowledge affects the management of people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), but little is known about the OA referral decisions and treatment knowledge of these clinicians in New Zealand. Data were collected from New Zealand registered physiotherapists and GPs (n = 272) using an online vign...
Article
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Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brain Injury Screening Tool (BIST) symptom scale in a sample of people with a mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) through Rasch analysis, and to obtain an interval level measurement score for potential clinical use. Materials and methods Data were obtained from 114 adults aged over 16 years,...
Article
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Objectives Numerous studies have documented the positive effects of mindfulness practice on the alleviation of various kinds of psychological distress, but a dearth of evidence remains related to the validity of common mindfulness instruments in Indian populations. The present study aimed to explore the higher-order construct of mindfulness in Indi...
Article
Background: Prototype analyses of well-being have identified central characteristics and prototypicality for New Zealand teachers, lawyers, adolescents, and work well-being of nurses. What has not yet been explored is the broad construct of well-being in intensive care nurses. Aims and objectives: To identify intensive care nurses' conceptions o...
Article
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Accurate distinction between state and trait anxiety is necessary for assessment and monitoring of individual anxiety levels over time and developing effective interventions to reduce anxiety. Generalizability theory (G-theory) is a suitable method to distinguish between state and trait and to evaluate reliability of test scores and sources of meas...
Article
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While evidence supports the feasibility of online mindfulness training (MT), the effect of this approach on cognition remains unclear. The present study investigated changes in cognition following a newly developed 6-week videoconference-delivered MT program on cognitive function in two groups. The first group (n = 17) had two baseline assessments...
Article
Depression and anxiety are common sequelae of stroke, occurring in at least one-third of patients. This study evaluated the acceptability and feasibility of providing mindfulness training (MT) to stroke survivors with the aim of reducing depression and anxiety. Following a six-week one-on-one MT course, 17 participants were interviewed. The median...
Article
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Objectives Mindfulness is an evidence-based treatment for depression but has never been rigorously tested with stroke survivors with depression. This feasibility study examined several issues relevant to a potential trial of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for improving mood after stroke. Methods In 2017–2019 in New Zealand, we recruited 20...
Preprint
Full-text available
Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brain Injury Screening Tool (BIST) symptom scale in a sample of people with a mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) through Rasch analysis, and to obtain an interval level measurement score for potential clinical use. Materials and Methods Data were obtained from 114 adults aged over 16 years,...
Article
Lay abstract: The Autism Spectrum Rating Scale is a behavioural rating scale completed by parents and teachers that is useful for identifying children with an autism spectrum disorder. The development of a modified Autism Spectrum Rating Scale suitable for use in China is important for the identification of children in China with an autism spectru...
Article
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Objectives Mindfulness, positive affect, and compassion may protect against psychological distress but there is lack of understanding about the ways in which these factors are linked to mental health. Network analysis is a statistical method used to investigate complex associations among constructs in a single network and is particularly suitable f...
Article
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The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegan, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070, 1988) is a widely used affect measure but it has the limitations of an ordinal scale such as low precision and unsuitability for use with parametric statistics. Rasch analysis is an appropriate methodology use...
Article
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Background: Patients who have had prolonged stays in intensive care have ongoing rehabilitation needs. This is especially true of COVID-19 ICU patients, who can suffer diverse long-term ill effects. Currently there is no systematic data collection to guide the needs for therapy input for either of these groups nor to inform planning and developmen...
Article
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Currently health care pathways (the combination and order of services that a patient receives to manage their injury) following a mild traumatic brain injury vary considerably. Some clinicians lack confidence in injury recognition, management and knowing when to refer. A clinical expert group developed the Brain Injury Screening Tool (BIST) to prov...
Article
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Mindfulness training is associated with improvements in psychological wellbeing and cognition, yet the specific underlying neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning these changes are uncertain. This study uses a novel brain-inspired artificial neural network to investigate the effect of mindfulness training on electroencephalographic function. Par...
Article
Objective The Cognition Battery of the National Institute of Health (NIH) Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioural Function is a computerised neuropsychological battery recommended for clinical practice, neurological research and clinical trials. We investigated the utility of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) for people wi...
Article
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Background: A major problem in quantifying symptoms of schizophrenia is establishing a reliable distinction between enduring and dynamic aspects of psychopathology. This is critical for accurate diagnosis, monitoring and evaluating treatment effects in both clinical practice and trials. Materials and methods: We applied Generalisability Theory,...
Article
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Persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS) symptoms are known to last years after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and similar symptoms are increasingly being documented among those who have not experienced a TBI. There remains however, a dearth of empirical evidence on the structural composition of symptoms beyond the post-acute symptom phase after TB...
Article
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Introduction A growing number of children and young people are surviving severe acquired brain injuries due to advances in healthcare. However, many fail to emerge from coma and continue to live with disorders of consciousness (DOC). Diagnostic, clinical and ethical challenges are prominent in this group. Misdiagnosis can have severe consequences f...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Conservative, first-line treatments (exercise, education and weight-loss if appropriate) for hip and knee joint osteoarthritis are underused despite the known benefits. Clinicians' beliefs can affect the advice and education given to patients, in turn, this can influence the uptake of treatment. In New Zealand, most conservative OA man...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Accurate evaluation of mindfulness-based training requires understanding of the differences between state and trait changes, and the Generalizability Theory (G-Theory) is the most appropriate method to differentiate these aspects in a measure. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is widely used measure of dispositional mindful...
Article
Full-text available
The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) has been used extensively across many health conditions to measure patient illness and treatment perceptions. The constructs have an association with treatment adaptation and adherence which, in turn, are considered core factors involved in bariatric surgery outcome. This study examines the facto...
Article
In this study we examined the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0 12-item version) in a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) sample. Materials and Methods: Treatment-seeking adults (n = 131) with MTBI recruited from outpatient clinics in Vancouver Canada, were assessed 1- and 3-months fo...
Article
Fear avoidance behavior is related to symptom persistence and disability in various health conditions, such as chronic pain. Fear avoidance behavior may also impact recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), but no measure of this construct has been psychometrically validated for the MTBI population. Adults who sustained an MTBI (N = 159) we...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: Conservative, first-line treatments (exercise, education and weight-loss if appropriate) for hip and knee joint osteoarthritis are underused despite the known benefits. Clinicians’ beliefs can affect the advice and education given to patients, in turn, this can influence the uptake of treatment. In New Zealand, most conservative OA mana...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: Conservative, first-line treatments (exercise, education and weight-loss if appropriate) for hip and knee joint osteoarthritis are underused despite the known benefits. Clinicians’ beliefs can affect the advice and education given to patients, in turn, this can influence the uptake of treatment. In New Zealand, most conservative OA mana...
Article
Full-text available
Minority ethnic patient groups typically have the highest bariatric surgery preoperative attrition rates and lowest surgery utilisation worldwide. Eligible patients of Pacific Island ethnicity (Pacific patients) in New Zealand (NZ) follow this wider trend. Objectives The present study explored structural barriers contributing to Pacific patients’...
Article
Background: There had been little focus on the well-being of intensive care nurses until a recent programme of research found work well-being to be best described as a collection of elements, a multifaceted construct. Strengtheners of intensive care nurses' work well-being were found to extend across individual, relational, and organizational reso...
Article
Aims: To develop a structured goal-set for use in programs for the assessment and management of prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC). Methods: A retrospective analysis of goals from a consecutive cohort of patients (n = 162) admitted to a specialist in-patient PDOC program in the UK from 2007 to 2018. Overall goal attainment was examined wit...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To determine whether the UK Functional Assessment Measure (UK FIM+FAM) fits the Rasch model in patients with complex disability following traumatic brain injury. Design: Psychometric evaluation including preliminary exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses followed by Rasch analysis. Participants: A multicentre UK national cohor...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background Conservative treatments for hip and knee joint osteoarthritis are underused despite the known benefits. Adherence to conservative treatments is poor and affected by people’s health, illness and treatment beliefs. Clinicians’ beliefs can also affect the advice and education given to patients. Few studies have explored general practitioner...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the properties of the Leg Activity measure according to COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments. Method: Participants were assessed at baseline, one day, 6 weeks and 12 weeks, following treatment for leg spasticity with botulinum toxin and physical interventions. Re...