Richard H. Price

University of Michigan | U-M · Department of Psychology and Organizational Studies

This last chapter summarizes the conclusions of this book regarding policies for achieving more sustainable work lives, and practices to support these policy recommendations and also regarding further research for strengthening these efforts. It will then summarize the main conclusions in these three closely interrelated areas. The chapters of the...

The forces of globalization, changing technology, combined with political and demographic changes are transforming the nature of work. In turn, changes in the demands and opportunities in new forms of work create new challenges to health and well-being. To understand more deeply how those changes in working life influence well-being we need to exam...

Unemployment undermines the mental health and well-being of unemployed individuals. It deprives them of critical financial resources and their identity as productive workers, which, in turn disrupts family and social relationships. Unemployment deprives the person of vital resources thus leading to stress and its negative consequences for health an...

JOBS is a research-based program delivered in a group format and designed to aid unemployed job seekers in their search for employment. The program has demonstrated positive impacts on job-search skills, motivation, reemployment rates, and mental health. The JOBS program was designed and tested in large-scale randomized trials at the Institute for...

The concept of overinclusion is examined and found to be too broad to have great descriptive utility. Attempts to select overinclusion measures have not given sufficient attention to the performance requirements made by the tasks selected. Both recent experimental evidence and an analysis of the performance requirements of frequently used overinclu...

Gerstein and Harwood’ observed that our national response to drug abuse has historically been governed by simple, but powerful ideas. From the time of the Revolution to the Reconstruction period, drug abuse was considered private behavior and a libertarian view prevailed. The late 1800s saw the emergence of a medical conception, and treatments, inc...

We investigated the additive and interactive effects of self-efficacy as a possible moderator of the effects of a job-search workshop on re-employment outcomes. We recruited 659 recently unemployed respondents and randomly assigned them to an experimental group invited to participate in the job-search workshop (n = 442), or a control group (n = 217...

Although managerial practices are often structured with the explicit goal of improving performance by increasing employee well-being, these practices frequently create tradeoffs between different dimensions of employee well-being, whereby one aspect of employee well-being improves but another aspect of employee well-being decreases. We call attenti...

The plate tectonics of work in the United States have shifted in the last 30 years, causing changes in the risks and vulnerabilities of worker health. The introduction of information technology in its various forms, the globalization of economies, changes in the nature of the employment contract between employers and workers, the emergence of the s...

The aim was to examine the effects of group training techniques in job-search training on later reemployment and mental health. The participants were 278 unemployed workers in Finland in 71 job-search training groups. Five group-level dimensions of training were identified. The results of hierarchical linear modeling demonstrated that preparation f...

Drawing on the person–environment fit literature, we propose that cognitive comparisons between person and innovation on meaningful dimensions determine organizational members' affective and behavioural responses to innovations. Specifically, we hypothesize that two different types of person-innovation fit constructs (value fit and ability fit) dif...

Posted October 1, 2003. The featured article in this issue of Prevention & Treatment, "Predicting Teachers' and Schools' Implementation of the Olweus Program: A Multilevel Study" by J. Kallestad & D. Olweus (see record 2003-09567-002), serves 2 important purposes for the field of prevention. This article serves to introduce the Kallestad and Olwe...

This paper addresses the question of how the adequacy of a person's employment status influences their health. We draw on and extend the Labor Utilization Framework to distinguish between different forms of underemployment (hours, income, skills, and status) and test their relative effects on a range of physical health and psychological well-being...

This paper addresses the question of how the adequacy of a person's employment status influences their health. We draw on and extend the Labor Utilization Framework to distinguish between different forms of underemployment (hours, income, skills, and status) and test their relative effects on a range of physical health and psychological well‐being...

Community psychology in general and the field of prevention in particular has unquestioningly accepted the assumption that the research process should proceed in a linear fashion from a search for basic knowledge to application in the community context. This ignores the compelling insight offered by Stokes (1997) that the drive for new knowledge an...

Self-efficacy belief is a significant predictor of behavioral choices in terms of goal setting, the amount of effort devoted to a particular task, and actual performance. This study conceives of formation and change of self-efficacy as a social and context-dependent process. We hypothesized that different group factors (discretionary and ambient gr...

The authors tested hypotheses concerning risk mechanisms that follow involuntary job loss resulting in depression and the link between depression and poor health and functioning. A 2-year longitudinal study of 756 people experiencing job loss indicates that the critical mediating mechanisms in the chain of adversity from job loss to poor health and...

The forces of globalization and the wave of economic reform in the People's Republic of China have led to government policies to downsize state-owned enterprises and support a competitive labour market. Chinese workers who have been laid off ( xiagang ) are leaving the 'iron rice-bowl' security of the socialist state. Unemployment produces personal...

The impact of preventive interventions for the unemployed may vary depending on the context of the labor policies and benefit systems of the country where it is implemented. The Työhön Job Search Program was based on a method developed in the United States for recently unemployed workers. This study examined outcomes of the intervention in the cont...

In field experiments evaluating preventive interventions, nonparticipation of persons who decline to participate at the outset, or later, by not showing up to the experimental treatment, constitutes a serious threat to the validity of the findings. However, in social intervention programs nonparticipation is a commonplace reality. Since nonparticip...

This issue of Prevention & Treatment offers a special article by National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) staff members, and a set of commentaries by prevention researchers and mental health advocates, on the report "Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH," which was written by the National Advisory Mental Health Council (NAMHC) Workgroup on...

Analyses of data from a randomized field experiment with 1,801 participants (A.D. Vinokur, R.H. Price. & Y.Schul, 1995) examined the long-term effects of a job-search workshop (JOBS) and the independent effects of demographic and psychological factors on reemployment and mental health outcomes. Two years after the JOBS workshop, the experimental gr...

Posted 12/21/1999. Discusses the arrival of a new field of inquiry in prevention research. Two decades of research on the cognitive underpinnings of depression and health is now leading to an era where preventive trials take center stage. The knowledge accumulated through theory-driven observational and laboratory research in that earlier period is...

Posted 12/21/1999. Discusses the arrival of a new field of inquiry in prevention research. Two decades of research on the cognitive underpinnings of depression and health is now leading to an era where preventive trials take center stage. The knowledge accumulated through theory-driven observational and laboratory research in that earlier period is...

Discusses the impact of job-loss and economic hardship on individuals, families, and communities. The authors then describe one organized support system—the JOBS program, developed by the Michigan Prevention Research Center—and they document the program's impact on reemployment, psychological well-being, and other outcomes. In addition, the authors...

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44047/1/10464_2004_Article_417391.pdf

Durlak and Wells (1997) provide a pivotal appraisal of prevention research on children and adolescents. Their meta-analytic approach has the advantages of reducing scientific misjudgments based on single studies, and providing a more balanced evaluation of impact of various interventions; it provides an opportunity for hypothesis finding helps set...

From job loss to reemployment: Field experiments in prevention-focused coping In an age of organizational downsizing, restructuring, and outsourcing, the long-term relationship between employer and employee is disappearing (Reich, 1991). Rapid changes in technology are leading to predictions that careers will last only half as long for the next gen...

This article reports some of the most promising ideas to emerge from a review conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health of the achievements and prospects for research on the prevention of mental disorders. These ideas are organized around 3 conceptual hubs: the development and transformation of biological and social risk and protective f...

This article reports some of the most promising ideas to emerge from a review conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health of the achievements and prospects for research on the prevention of mental disorders. These ideas are organized around 3 conceptual hubs: the development and transformation of biological and social risk and protective f...

The process linking unemployment and economic hardship to depression and marital or relationship satisfaction in couples was examined. Using structural equation modeling, the authors tested models in which financial strain and partners' symptoms of depression influence the behavioral exchange of the couples in terms of social support and social und...

Reports the results of the JOBS II randomized field experiment that included a sample of 1,801 recent job losers, 671 of which participated in a modified version of the JOBS I intervention for unemployed workers (Caplan, Vinokur, Price, & van Ryn, 1989). The intervention focused on enhancing the sense of mastery through the acquisition of job-searc...

Correlational studies have identified worksite coping resources such as social support and perceived control, and have suggested a positive role for such resources in employee stress processes. However, little experimental evidence has demonstrated the causal role of worksite coping resources in improving mental health, nor how worksite coping reso...

Reports the results of the JOBS II randomized field experiment that included a sample of 1,801 recent job losers, 671 of which participated in a modified version of the JOBS I intervention for unemployed workers (Caplan, Vinokur, Price, & van Ryn, 1989). The intervention focused on enhancing the sense of mastery through the acquisition of job-searc...

attempt to enhance the understanding of how to effectively increase important employee coping resources and thus improve employee mental health / define coping resources and briefly review the evidence linking them to mental health / describe a theory-based program designed to increase employees' coping resources / we report the results of a field...

We propose that institutional actors do not just ceremonially comply with the cultural values in their environment, as institutional theorists have suggested. Instead, we argue that institutional actors can use conflicting cultural values as tools to further their interests and, in doing so, affect significant social problems and cause unanticipate...

This paper calls for consideration of a new class of preventive interventions designed explicitly to prevent comorbidity of psychiatric disorders. Epidemiologic data show that successful interventions of this type could be extremely valuable, as up to half of lifetime psychiatric disorders and an even larger percent of chronic and seriously impairi...

This research identifies program features that predict outpatient drug treatment outcomes. Treatment effectiveness is measured at the organizational level of analysis in a nationally representative sample of non-methadone outpatient drug misuse treatment organizations (N = 394). Multivariate analyses are conducted to identify program features at va...

Hypotheses regarding role stress, chronic burden and two forms of vulnerability to mental health symptoms are tested in a longitudinal sample of 590 caregivers working in group homes for the mentally ill. In addition, an organizational exit pressure hypothesis is offered. Measures of exit pressure are identified and incorporated into predictive mod...

Drawing on coping resources theory, we evaluate the impact of a job search intervention on depressive symptoms in a randomized field experiment at three follow-up periods covering two and one-half years. Baseline depressive symptoms, low social assertiveness, and financial hardship were identified as significant risk variables predicting depressive...

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/30212/1/0000602.pdf

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67682/2/10.1177_109821409201300105.pdf

Using institutional theory, we developed predictions about organizational units that moved from an environment making consistent demands to one making conflicting demands. Many community mental health centers have diversified into drug abuse treatment. The units providing those services face conflicting demands from the traditional mental health se...

Demonstrated a procedure suggested by Bloom (1984) to provide estimates for the effects of an intervention on its actual participants compared to global effects on study participants in the intervention group, whether or not they showed up. Analyses were based on data collected in a field experiment that tested a preventive intervention for unemplo...

Results are reported from a 2 1/2 year follow-up of respondents who participated in a randomized field experiment that included the Jobs Program, a preventive intervention for unemployed persons. The intervention was intended to prevent poor mental health and loss of motivation to seek reemployment and to promote high-quality reemployment. The resu...

Results are reported from a 2'/2 year follow-up of respondents who participated in a randomized field experiment that included the Jobs Program, a preventive intervention for unemployed persons. The intervention was intended to prevent poor mental health and loss of motivation to seek reemployment and to promote high-quality reemployment. The resul...

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44023/1/10464_2004_Article_BF00922694.pdf

This paper reviews social support programs designed to have a preventive impact on young adolescents. A review of supportive programs for reducing adolescents' risks of educational failure and poor health has identified a number of innovative school- and community-based support programs. School-based support programs are aimed at enhanced classroom...

Cognitive theories of adherence to difficult courses of action and findings from previous survey research on coping with a major life event--job loss--were used to generate a preventive intervention, tested by a randomized field experiment. The aim was to prevent poor mental health and loss of motivation to seek reemployment among those who continu...

Cognitive theories of adherence to difficult courses of action and findings from previous survey research on coping with a major life event—job loss—were used to generate a preventive intervention, tested by a randomized field experiment. The aim was to prevent poor mental health and loss of motivation to seek reemployment among those who continued...

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44022/1/10464_2004_Article_BF00931004.pdf

Efforts by an American Psychological Association task force to identify model prevention programs for high-risk groups throughout the life span are summarized. Criteria for selection and program content are described, and implications for the construction, implementation, and evaluation of effective programs are discussed.

Although a growing number of psychologists agree that a wide range of psychological and health problems are preventable, the logic of prevention must be turned into concrete reality. To do that, we must identify model programs that work. . . . This idea led to the American Psychological Association's (APA) Task Force on Prevention, Promotion, and I...

This article offers a rationale and reviews the research evidence for a focus on work transitions in prevention research. The organization and current research of the Michigan Prevention Research Center are then described. Current research and dissemination activities are presented in the context of a prevention research cycle that moves through fo...

Our review has focused centrally on the etiologic significance of social factors in the development of psychopathology. Our implicit assumption has been that social factors in general, and stressors in particular, may play a causal role in the development of psychopathology. Yet the evidence is clear that the vast majority of people who are exposed...

Conclusion I have argued that research and action in the world of work can be a central concern and a major opportunity for community psychologists. Work is central to well being and identity. It is an arena of rapid and turbulent social change where our values are expressed and lived out. Furthermore, work is not a separate life domain, but interp...

This monograph is designed to aid in the complex task of developing informative and usable evaluations of prevention projects in mental health. This monograph provides a guide to prevention project evaluation that will be usable by people who do not necessarily possess high levels of training and sophistication in the technology of evaluation res...

Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1980, Vol 25(8), 611-612. Reviews the book, Health, Behavior and the Community: An Ecological Perspective by Ralph Catalano (1979). This book is a bold attempt both to take account of environmental factors and to provide us with a unifying conceptual framework for understanding...

Presents an approach to training and professional practice in community psychology that dispenses with the dichotomy between research and practice. Problem definition is stimulated by community needs, research is seen as a tool for social action, value issues are made explicit, and research products are oriented toward use by community groups and a...

Peer Reviewed http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44058/1/10464_2004_Article_BF00880776.pdf

Subjected a national sample of 144 inpatient treatment programs, measured on 10 dimensions of ward atmosphere, to cluster analysis to develop an empirically based taxonomy of treatment programs. 6 distinctive clusters of treatment programs were identified: therapeutic community, relationship oriented, action oriented, insight oriented, control orie...

The ratins of the different aspects of an alcoholism treatment program by patients before discharge revealed differences in views of the program that were related to differences in personality.

In the 1st of 2 studies, 52 undergraduates were required to judge the appropriateness of 15 behaviors in each of 15 situations in a behavior-situation matrix. Differences among behaviors, situations, and Behavior * Situation interactions contributed substantial proportions of the total variance in judgments. The concepts of behavioral appropriatene...

Ss rated the appropriateness of each of a fixed sample of behaviors in each of a fixed sample of situations. A cluster analysis of the intercorrelations of situations across behaviors yielded four distinct and homogeneous situation clusters. A cluster analysis of the intercorrelations of behaviors across situations produced four homogeneous and dis...

Schizophrenic performance has been interpreted as being the result of ability loss and of impression management. An experiment is reported which allows a direct test of the ability loss assumption as opposed to one form of the impression management hypothesis. 20 healthy presenter and 20 sick presenter schizophrenics were given differential "normat...

The effects of association value and label relevance on Ss' recognition accuracy and criterion for reporting a shape as “seen before” were examined. Results indicated that association value affected both recognition performance and Ss' criterion for reporting a shape as “seen before.” Label relevance improved recognition performance but did not aff...

Tested 120 undergraduates in a single-stimulus recognition paradigm. Random shapes varying in association value were paired with relevant or irrelevant verbal labels during learning. Both association value and label relevance affected recognition performance. Examination of verbal processes occurring during recognition indicated that although both...

We live in a world that continually presents new and demanding choices. At the same time, the field of psychology is providing new insights and techniques for coping and making choices, even when those choices are stressful or difficult. These observations shaped our goals in writing "Exploring Choices: The Psychology of Adjustment." We wanted to s...

suggest parameters by which support effects are likely to be maximized / emphasize the macrostructures and regularities in community life within which support is embedded, in contrast with the interpersonal focus of much of the support literature (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Describes a conceptual framework for research on mental health organizations (MHOs) that rests on a set of assumptions concerning the environment of MHOs, organizational response or adaptation to the environment, and client–organization relationships. Methodology and a few preliminary findings of a national study of drug abuse treatment in the comm...

describe how this intervention was designed to provide participants with social support and a promotive learning environment to acquire job-search skills and at the same time to inoculate the participants from common setbacks that are part of the job-seeking process / the intervention goals were to prevent the deterioration in mental health that of...

In this paper, we review the impact of job loss on physical and mental health, emphasizing the mechanisms by which job loss leads to deleterious outcomes. We then describe the transitional role of job seeker, and examine the challenges faced by job seekers. The JOBS program, a preventive intervention developed by the Michigan Prevention Research Ce...

Traducción de: Abnormal Behavior - Perspective in Conflict

Two experiments were performed to examine the effects of manipulating concept-identification task requirements involving (a) discrimination (DC cue type), (b) discrimination plus symbol manipulation (DS cue type), and (c) retention of concept information on correct identifications, false-positive errors, and response latencies for 3 levels of schiz...

Effects of complexity and association value of random shapes on the amount of transfer from stimulus familiarization training to a later recognition task were examined. Familiarization training resulted in strong positive transfer effects to later recognition performance. Increases in stimulus complexity were associated with increases in recognitio...

Describes 2 experiments, with 90 and 96 college students, respectively, to examine effects of stimulus complexity, association value, and amount of learning on recognition of random shapes. Results were evaluated using the area under the operating characteristic as the recognition measure. Both experiments indicated that increases in complexity and...

Perceptual differences between normals and schizophrenics revealed by traditional size-constancy experiments are questionable because of S variability, procedural difficulties, and problems inherent in traditional psychophysical methods. A review of the literature reveals few consistent results. The present study compared normals, paranoid schizoph...