Richard Dreo

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• PhD Student
• Student at Paris Institute of Earth Physics

Since March 2019 and October 2020, two long-term submarine networks—comprising ocean bottom seismometers and water-column hydrophones—have been deployed in the northern Mozambique Channel (Western Indian Ocean) to monitor the seismo-volcanic crisis that began offshore Mayotte in 2018. These deployments provide a valuable multi-year dataset for envi...

In the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean, there are at least five populations of pygmy blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda, residing in the Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO, Oman), central Indian Ocean (CIO, Sri Lanka), Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO, Madagascar to Subantarctic), Southeast Indian Ocean (SEIO, Australia to Indonesia)...

We report in this study how ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) can be used as passive sonars to automatically detect, localize, and track moving acoustic sources at the ocean surface. We developed single-station methods based on direction of arrival and on multi-path interference measurements capable of handling continuous erratic signals emitted by s...

Real-time detection of illegal activities in maritime areas, such as drug trafficking or illegal fishing, is a very challenging task. It generally requires important and expensive means (patrol planes, coastguard, or navy ships) to provide an efficient monitoring of large areas. As ships emit noise due to their propulsion (propeller and engines), p...

Passive sensors pose challenges in the localisation and tracking of targets due to the inherent ambiguity in the source range-specifically, accurate 2-D localisation using only a single sensor is not guaranteed. On the other hand, the underwater domain exhibits certain characteristics that induce some structure to the problem that help reduce the r...

The Detection of Envelope Modulation on Noise (DEMON) is an algorithm that is commonly applied to hydrophone data for the detection and classification of underwater noise produced by a ship. This algorithm utilizes modulation analysis to determine the frequencies that modulate the broadband cavitation noise produced by marine vessel propellers. In...

link to the talk: https://youtu.be/Zj8YL6JqSpo Over the last decade, the opportunistic use of broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) recordings has been extremely beneficial for baleen whales studies as they regularly record their stereotyped calls ([10-40] Hz). Often deployed in remote areas, OBSs offer additional and often unprecedented locati...

This chapter overviews maritime operational situations and underlying challenges that the automated processing of maritime mobility data would support with the detection of threats and abnormal activities. The maritime use cases and scenarios are geared on fishing activities monitoring, aligning with the European Union Maritime Security Strategy. S...

Breakthroughs in understanding the structure and dynamics of our planet will strongly depend upon instrumenting deep oceans. Progress has been made these last decades in ocean-bottom seismic observations, but ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) temporary deployments are still challenging and face setup limitations. Launched from oceanographic vessels, O...

As they are deployed on the ocean floor, Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) loose their orientation during their descent and can drift hundreds of meters relative to their surface dropping point. Ana- lyzing the data coming from the RHUM-RUM (Réu- nion Hotspot and Upper Mantle - Réunions Unterer Mantel) OBS deployment around La Réunion, it has been ob...

Maritime monitoring systems support safe shipping as they allow for the real-time detection of dangerous, suspicious and illegal vessel activities. We present such a system using the Run-Time Event Calculus, a composite event recognition system with formal, declarative semantics. For effective recognition, we developed a library of maritime pattern...

Facing an ever-increasing amount of traffic at sea, many research centres, international organisations, and industrials have favoured and developed sensors together with detection techniques for the monitoring, analysis, and visualisation of sea movements. The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is one of the electronic systems that enable ships...

Maritime monitoring systems support safe shipping as they allow for the real-time detection of dangerous, suspicious and illegal vessel activities. We present such a system using the Run-Time Event Calculus, a composite event recognition system with formal, declarative semantics. For effective recognition, we developed a library of maritime pattern...

As a first step to Antarctic blue whale (ABW) monitoring using passive acoustics, a method based on the stochastic matched filter (SMF) is proposed. Derived from the matched filter (MF), this filter-based denoising method enhances stochastic signals embedded in an additive colored noise by maximizing its output signal to noise ratio (SNR). These as...

Maritime monitoring systems support safe shipping as they allow for the real-time detection of dangerous, suspicious and illegal vessel activities. We have been developing a composite event recognition system for maritime monitoring in the Event Calculus, allowing both for verification and real-time performance. To increase the accuracy of the syst...

From the acoustic data acquired by the RHUM-RUM (Réunion Hotspot and Upper Mantle Réunion's Unterer Mantel) Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) network between October 2012 and November 2013, this study revealed baleen whale occurrence in the western Indian Ocean (IO). Low-frequency songs from three species (Antarctic Blue Whales, Pygmy Blue Whales and...

Facing an increasing amount of movements at sea and daily impacts on ships, crew and our global ecosystem, many research centers, international organizations, industrials have favored and developed sensors, detection techniques for the monitoring, analysis and visualization of sea movements. Automatic Identification System (AIS) is one of these ele...

De par sa discrétion, la détection passive est un atout majeur pour la surveillance de zones maritimes, notamment dans le cas de détection de plongeurs intrus dans les zones portuaires. Des outils de traitement du signal adaptés au contexte passif sont nécessaires afin de minimiser le temps de réaction des opérateurs, voire même d’automatiser le pr...

More than 30 years after the institution of the moratorium on commercial whaling by the International Whaling Commission, one of the biggest challenges in whale monitoring, e.g. Antarctic Blue Whales (ABW), is assessing populations to evaluate their recovery from persecution by mankind. To do this, passive acoustic monitoring is widely used all aro...

While visual survey of whales requires substantial means for limited areas, passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers larger scale coverage for long periods and less costs. It usually provides information about species behavior, e.g. seasonal movements, but tools are needed to detail the individuals' behavior. From Indian Ocean in a mountainous area...

As a first step to Antarctic Blue Whale monitoring, a new method based on a passive application of the Stochastic Matched Filter (SMF) is developed. To perform Z-call detection in noisy environment, improvements on the classical SMF requirements are proposed. The signal’s reference is adjusted, the background noise estimation is reevaluated to avoi...