Richard Anderson

• Binus University

Pengantar At Universitas Bina Nusantara, the poster and article descriptions serve as a final step for students to display their research findings. This event will take place in the BINUS Malang lobby on February 18 and 20, 2025. This program is beneficial for understanding research methodology, improving analytical skills, and serving as a network...

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa face unique barriers to contraceptive access and lack AGYW-centered contraceptive decision-support resources. To empower AGYW to make informed choices and improve reproductive health outcomes, we developed a tablet-based application to provide contraceptive education and decision-making...

Some differentiated service delivery (DSD) models for antiretroviral therapy (ART) allow stable recipients of care (RoC) to receive multi-month ART drug refills and complete rapid reviews in community sites. As DSD options expand across sub-Saharan Africa, RoC’s preferences and perspectives on community-based DSD versus clinic-based care models war...

The development and adoption of eHealth in low- and middle-income countries has potential to advance the quality of care in healthcare settings that are challenged by weak infrastructure. Especially in the countries where HIV rates are high, there is need to implement electronic medical record systems to enhance care and improve treatment outcomes....

Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models for antiretroviral therapy (ART) allow stable recipients of care (RoC) to receive multi-month ART drug refills and complete rapid reviews in community sites. As DSD options expand across sub-Saharan Africa, RoC’s preferences and perspectives on community- versus clinic-based care models warrants attentio...

Seeking to address barriers to in-person care, governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) globally have been pushing for scaling chat- or phone-based information services that rely on care workers to engage with users. Despite theoretical tensions between care and scale and the essential role of care workers, workers' perspective on scal...

The use of blockchain in regulatory ecosystems is a promising approach to address challenges of compliance among mutually untrusted entities. In this work, we consider applications of blockchain technologies in telecom regulations. In particular, we address growing concerns around Unsolicited Commercial Communication (UCC aka. spam) sent through te...

Background The incidence of psychotic disorders is higher in ethnic minorities groups. The ‘ethnic density effect’, in which living in a neighbourhood with a low own-group proportion increases the risk of psychosis, is one explanatory factor. The density effect in the ethno-religious and sectarian context of Northern Ireland has been found to be re...

Objectives Mobile health tools have potential to improve the diagnosis and management of acute lower respiratory illnesses (ALRI), a leading cause of paediatric mortality worldwide. The objectives were to evaluate health workers’ perceptions of acceptability, usability and feasibility of Acute Lower Respiratory Illness Treatment and Evaluation (ALR...

We contribute to the growing conversation on assets-based approaches to design in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) with a qualitative study of resilience. Our study is situated within a community health infrastructure in a rural county in southwest Kenya, where health organizations pay community health...

Rotating Savings and Credit Association (ROSCA) is a mechanism of informal collaborative savings that is widely used across the globe. Despite its popularity and prevalence, it is not well-studied from HCI and CSCW perspectives. The global increase in mobile penetration has created opportunities to serve the unbanked using mobile-based Digital Fina...

The intersection of Islam and gender affect technological and social interactions for Muslim women in significant ways and remains an understudied domain for CSCW and related fields. Building on 73 qualitative interviews with low-income women in Punjab, Pakistan, we analyze the complexity of family relationships and the subsequent dynamics of autho...

The developing world has increasingly relied on data driven policies. Numerous development agencies have pushed for on-ground data collection to support the development work they pursue. Many governments have launched their own efforts for frequent information gathering. Overall, the amount of data collected is tremendous, yet there are significant...

Many countries across the globe are engaged in efforts to promote a cashless society. In India, there is a strong top-down push by the government and the private sector for mobile payments. In this work, we examine the benefits and pitfalls people perceive in using mobile payments for customer-merchant transactions. Through interviews with 19 custo...

SMS fraud has become a growing concern for those working toward financial inclusion, however, it is often unclear how widespread such threats are in practice. This multi-method study investigates SMS fraud in Pakistan through identification and categorization of fraudulent messages as well as the impact on those who receive such messages. We collec...

HCI4D researchers and practitioners have leveraged voice forums to enable people with literacy, socioeconomic, and connectivity barriers to access, report, and share information. Although voice forums have received impassioned usage from low-income, low-literate, rural, tribal, and disabled communities in diverse HCI4D contexts, the participation o...

This paper studies the use of Digital Financial Services (DFS) as a solution to women's financial inclusion in deeply patriarchal, resource constrained communities. Through a qualitative, empirical study we map the financial life cycles of 20 women micro-entrepreneurs in different cities in Pakistan and the challenges they face. We explore how tech...

Although voice forums are widely used to enable marginalized communities to produce, consume, and share information, their financial sustainability is a key concern among HCI4D researchers and practitioners. We present ReCall, a crowdsourcing marketplace accessible via phone calls where low-income rural residents vocally transcribe audio files to g...

Access to financial services through a mobile phone, known as Mobile Financial Services (MFS), creates an opportunity to expand the reach of financial services to the 1.7 billion unbanked adults worldwide. Nevertheless, MFS adoption has been inconsistent, which motivates a need to identify the challenges that MFS users confront in different countri...

In resource-constrained economies, lack of financial participation prohibits women's economic empowerment and opportunities to improve circumstances. With the advent of Digital Financial Services (DFS), a growing emphasis has been placed on the possible positive impact of DFS on lives of individuals. However, for people to understand, adopt, and us...

Prior research suggests that security and privacy needs of users in developing regions are different than those in developed regions. To better understand the underlying differentiating factors, we conducted a systematic review of Human-Computer Interaction for Development and Security & Privacy publications in 15 proceedings, such as CHI, SOUPS, I...

Maternal health outreach and engagement is a common goal of mobile health (mHealth) projects for development. Male partners of pregnant and postpartum women are known to be important influences on their health behavior. This paper presents a novel extension to previous HCI4D research by exploring how to engage male partners in SMS-based family plan...

Schools in the developing world frequently do not have high bandwidth or reliable connections, limiting their access to web content. As a result, schools are increasingly turning to Offline Educational Resources (OERs), employing purpose-built local hardware to serve content. These approaches can be expensive and difficult to maintain in resource-c...

Evaluations of technological artifacts in HCI4D contexts are known to suffer from high levels of participant response bias---where participants only provide positive feedback that they think will please the researcher. This paper describes a practical, low-cost intervention that uses the concept of social proof to influence participant response bia...

This paper presents eKichabi, a tool for retrieving contact information for agriculture-related enterprises in Tanzania. eKichabi is an Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) application which users can access through basic mobile phones. We describe our focus groups, a design iteration, deployment in four villages, and follow up interviews...

BSpeak is an accessible crowdsourcing marketplace that enables blind people in developing regions to earn money by transcribing audio files through speech. We examine accessibility and usability barriers that 15 first-time users, who are low-income and blind, experienced while completing transcription tasks on BSpeak and Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Ou...

Many organizations in the developing world (e.g., NGOs), include digital data collection in their workflow. Data collected can include information that may be considered sensitive, such as medical or socioeconomic data, and which could be affected by computer security attacks or unintentional mishandling. The attitudes and practices of organization...

Worldwide, two billion people remain unbanked, the majority of whom reside in resource-constrained environments. While banks have limited reach due to high overhead costs of physical expansion, the global increase in mobile penetration has created opportunities to serve the unbanked using mobile-based Digital Financial Services (DFS). However, acce...

Schools in the developing world frequently do not have high bandwidth or reliable connections, limiting their access to web content. As a result, schools are increasingly turning to Offline Educational Resources (OERs), employing purpose-built local hardware to serve content. These approaches can be expensive and difficult to maintain in resource-c...

In resource-constrained communities, organizations often use information and communication technologies to amplify their limited resources to improve education, health, and economic opportunity. Over two-thirds of the world's population have mobile phones, yet less than half are connected to the Internet [23]. Organizations helping disadvantaged po...

We present a mixed-methods study that compares and contrasts two distinct localization approaches for imparting video-based health education to rural Indian populations. Prior research efforts in the Human-Computer Interaction for Development (HCI4D) community have emphasized the value of localization of educational content. Our research uses a com...

Speech transcription is an expensive service with high turnaround time for audio files containing languages spoken in developing countries and regional accents of well-represented languages. We present Respeak - a voice-based, crowd-powered system that capitalizes on the strengths of crowdsourcing and automatic speech recognition (instead of typing...

Low-income blind people in India face a complex array of socioeconomic barriers, language constraints and infrastructural challenges that impede their use of assistive technologies that are primarily designed for blind communities in the developed world. The environment of constraint and disability has led low-income blind people to appropriate gen...

This paper presents UW-Pesa, a simple web based mobile money sandbox for fast prototyping and demonstration of financial service products. The purpose of UW-Pesa is to enable academic groups to explore issues of privacy, security, and usability within the rapidly growing space of Digital Financial Services for Development and especially mobile mone...

Digital money drives modern economies, and the global adoption of mobile phones has enabled a wide range of digital financial services in the developing world. Where there is money, there must be security, yet prior work on mobile money has identified discouraging vulnerabilities in the current ecosystem. We begin by arguing that the situation is n...

Pneumonia is the leading cause of infectious disease mortality in children. Currently, health care providers (HCPs) are trained to use World Health Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) paper-based protocols and manually assess respiratory rate to diagnose pneumonia in low-resource settings (LRS). However, this approach of...

mPneumonia user manual. (DOCX)

Health care provider dataset. (XLSX)

COREQ checklist. (DOCX)

Caregiver dataset. (XLSX)

The present grievous tuberculosis situation can be improved by efficient case management and timely follow-up evaluations. With the advent of digital technology, this can be achieved through quick summarization of the patient-centric data. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of the ODK Scan paper-to-digital system during a testing...

The present grievous situation of the tuberculosis disease can be improved by efficient case management and timely follow-up evaluations. With the advent of digital technology this can be achieved by quick summarization of the patient-centric data. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of the ODK Scan paper-to-digital system during t...

Many organizations in the developing world (e.g., NGOs), include digital data collection in their workflow. Data collected can include information that may be considered sensitive, such as medical or socioeconomic data, and which could be affected by computer security attacks or unintentional mishandling. The attitudes and practices of organization...

We examine the dissemination of mobile phone videos in the context of Projecting Health - a community health project in rural India. Our research objective was to identify the most effective means of promoting the distribution of health videos on a largely offline network of mobile phones in a resource-constrained environment. We compared three dif...

In this paper we argue for the use of Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) as a platform for universal cell phone applications. We examine over a decade of ICT4D research, analyzing how USSD can extend and complement current uses of IVR and SMS for data collection, messaging, information access, social networking and complex user initiate...

Mobile devices are increasingly being used in data-focused workflows in low-resource settings. These deployments are frequently orchestrated by organizations with limited technical capacity, making fundamental architectural decisions difficult. We present DUCES, a framework for characterizing mobile deployments along five axes of design. DUCES allo...

Designing mobile applications for challenged network environments necessitates new abstractions that target deployment architects, non-developers who are charged with adapting an ensemble of off-the-shelf software to a deployment context. Data transfer is integral to mobile application design and deployments have inherent and contextual requirement...

The impact of political violence on individuals presenting with an episode of first episode psychosis has not been examined. Individuals were assessed for exposure to political violence in Northern Ireland (the “Troubles”) by asking for a response to 2 questions: one asked about the impact of violence “on your area”; the second about the impact of...

Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children worldwide. Each year, pneumonia kills an estimated 935,000 children under five years of age, with most of these deaths occurring in developing countries. The current approach for pneumonia diagnosis in low-resource settings-using the World Health Organization Integrated Management of Ch...

We present the first analysis of the use and non-use of social media platforms by low-income blind users in rural and peri-urban India. Using a mixed-methods approach of semi-structured interviews and observations, we examine the benefits received by low-income blind people from Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp and investigate constraints that impede...

We present a qualitative study of Projecting Health, a public health project we deployed in rural Uttar Pradesh (India) to address persistently high maternal and infant mortality rates. This project is based on our model of Community-led Video Education (CVE), which leverages community resources for the generation, dissemination, and assimilation o...

This note presents data from two large-scale data reporting projects in Pakistan and Laos using SMS as a channel of data collection. These projects share several major features: (1) the use of health workers personal mobile phones for data reporting (2) support from the Ministry of Health (3) planned expansion to every health facility in the countr...

A growing body of HCI4D research studies the use of SMS communication to deliver health and information services to underserved populations. This paper contributes a novel dimension to this field of study by examining if a hybrid computer-human SMS system can engage pregnant women in Kenya in health-related communication. Our approach leverages the...

We present our findings from a mixed methods study of mobile phone practices of rural Indian women. We situate our study in the context of Projecting Health, a public health initiative we deployed in Uttar Pradesh (India) to target the dissemination of health information for mothers and newborns. Adopting the lens of feminist reflexivity, we recons...

Immunization is recognized as one of the most successful public health interventions ever devised. A critical component of immunization programs is the vaccine cold chain - the cold storage to keep vaccines safe from manufacture to eventual delivery to the child. Countries need to manage their vaccine cold chains and logistics systems to ensure suf...

This note explores methods of analyzing questions asked during public health video showings. The goal is to provide feedback to content creators and session facilitators based a limited subset of the audience's questions. We analyze five videos produced in the first year of Digital Public Health focused on maternal health issues in rural India. We...

The study presented in this paper demonstrates how nurse midwives used video on mobile phones to support patient education in a maternal and child health project in rural India. The main goals of the study were to understand how the technology impacted the workflow of the nurses and to assess the acceptability of the use of video during patient enc...

ODK Tables is an Android app that allows users to enter and curate tabular data. Users can explore the data through a variety of built-in views or build custom views using HTML/JavaScript. It also supports the linking of multiple data tables. Data values can be updated in a variety of ways, including using mobile data collection tools such as ODK C...

The Health Videos for Global to Local project aims to impact health outcomes in South King County through digital video mediated behavior change. The project gives community members a platform to showcase positive health behaviors amongst peers, thus impacting communities from within. Through interviews, observation, meetings and workshops our evol...

In this paper we describe three different offerings of a multi-quarter multidisciplinary capstone experience where students engaged in designing and building technology to address problems faced by populations in local and remote resource-constrained environments. We define resource-constrained environments broadly (e.g., low-income communities, lo...

This paper describes the process of introducing software for managing vaccine cold chain equipment to the ministries of health in several countries. The software, Cold Chain Equipment Manager (CCEM), is used to maintain a country wide inventory of vaccine refrigerators and cold rooms, and provides analysis and forecasting capabilities. The paper ex...

We describe a two-year study of the use of facilitated video instruction in government primary schools in North India. The study involved deploying Digital StudyHall (DSH) in eleven schools, and following the progress of participating teachers in adopting the technology and pedagogy. The goal of the study was to evaluate the potential for large sca...

FoneAstra is a low-cost mobile-phone-based sensing system for monitoring national vaccine cold chains. In its first pilot deployment, the system successfully diagnosed several issues.

Low-income countries with their funding and implementing partners are increasingly recognizing health information systems (HIS) as an essential way to strengthen and support health systems. There is tremendous potential for innovations in information and communication technologies to assist health managers, health workers, and patients. Yet individ...

Our work explores how handheld technology can help mediators perform at a higher level when facilitating video material, using two novel interaction mechanisms. We describe work with Digital Green, an NGO using facilitated video for agricultural extension in rural India. During an investigation into the information needs of Digital Green facilitato...

We present a low-cost, energy-efficient system to remotely monitor the temperature and location of vaccines in a country-wide "cold-chain". Our system is based on FoneAstra [11] – a low-cost, microcontroller-based, programmable device that extends capabilities of low-tier mobile phones that are commonly used in developing countries. In the system d...

The educational system, especially in developing regions, remains one of the most challenging systems for intervention and implementation of change. The objectives of this paper are to present findings of the first year of an evaluation study of Digital StudyHall (DSH), a Facilitated Video Instruction system being used in rural primary schools in I...

Past work with multiple input devices in low resource educational environments has largely been motivated by patterns of dominance that emerge when a large group of students is asked to share a single computer — inevitably, some students, at the cost of others, derive higher value out of the experience. Conversely, concern has been expressed about...

In this paper we address the problem of providing data connection to the periphery of the health system by presenting Smart Connect. Smart Connect is a custom device that uses the cell phone network to provide limited data connectivity between a rural health facility and a server connected to the Internet. Through an analysis of the health systems...

Applying information and communication technologies to development (ICTD) is emerging as an interesting and motivating research area in computer science and engineering. It spans application areas from healthcare to transportation, and requires the use of computing skills from networking to user interface design. Addressing problems of developing r...

To facilitate learning in low-resource environments where children must share a single computer, we developed MultiLearn, an educational, single-display groupware system. Prior work has suggested that computer games can be effective for fostering learning (5) and qualitatively supports the benefit of collaboration over competition in a multiple-inp...

In this paper, we describe preliminary work on an ink editing application that allows an instructor to correct mistakes to digital ink written during a presentation that is to be archived. These corrections are then seamlessly reintegrated into the digital archive so that when the presentation is replayed the corrected ink is displayed instead of t...

The Center for Collaborative Technologies at the University of Washington is dedicated to creating software tools that encourage interaction in the classroom. These include Classroom Presenter, a Tablet PC-based presentation and interaction system, and ConferenceXP, a video conferencing application for distributed courses, co-developed with Microso...

We present a case study of an international distance education course involving two sites in the US and one site in Pakistan. We use the case study to examine the elements of the distance learning environment, and specifically how those elements can be best used to promote classroom interaction. In particular we discuss the effectiveness of two sof...

As the need for access to technology in developing regions increases rapidly, the supply of personal computers in these areas fails to meet the demand. In the context of education and the presence of computers in under-funded schools, the computer-to-child ratio limits equal access to educational material and deprives marginalized children of valua...

In this paper we discuss cultural issues encountered while offering an Algorithms course from a US university at a Chinese university using Tutored Video Instruction (TVI). TVI is a distance learning methodology where lectures are recorded at one site and then shown to a group of students at a remote site by Teaching Assistants (TAs) who stop the v...

In this paper we discuss cultural issues encountered while offering an Algorithms course from a US university at a Chinese university using Tutored Video Instruction (TVI). TVI is a distance learning methodology where lectures are recorded at one site and then shown to a group of students at a remote site by Teaching Assistants (TAs) who stop the v...

Active Learning in the classroom domain presents an interesting case for integrating physical and digital affordances. Traditional physical handouts and transparencies are giving way to new digital slides and PCs, but the fully digital systems still lag behind the physical artifacts in many aspects such as readability and tangibility. To better und...

This study compared acutely ill patients with schizophrenia with a history of self-harm (N=17) to those without a history of self-harm (N=16) on measures of depression, hopelessness, suicidal ideation, and demographic and psychiatric variables. A subgroup of these patients who experience auditory hallucinations, with and without a history of self-h...

This paper describes an application of classroom technology in support of teaching through the use of examples and active learn- ing techniques. Here we report on using Classroom Presenter, a Tablet PC based classroom interaction system, in a senior level course in Algorithms - a domain for which the instructor believes working on sample problems i...

In this paper we describe a simple parallel algorithm for list ranking. The algorithm is deterministic and runs in O(log n) time on EREW P-RAM with n/log n processor. The algorithm matches the performance of the Cole-Vishkin [CV86a] algorithm but is simple and has reasonable constant factors.

This paper describes our experiences in promoting a learning environment where active student involvement and interaction, as well as openness to diversity of ideas are supported through innovative uses of technology in the classroom. In the context of an undergraduate course in software engineering, for two consecutive terms we have experimented w...

This paper studies digital ink artifacts students produced in the classroom and how instructors could use these artifacts in support of classroom instruction. Currently, instructor use of student-produced artifacts is limited by the cognitive load of real-time review and analysis during class. The goal of the study is to evaluate, in the context of...

In this paper, we present a study of how instructors draw diagrams in the process of delivering lectures. We are motivated by wanting to understand challenges and opportunities for automatically analyzing diagrams, and to use this to improve tools to support the delivery of presentations and the viewing of archived lectures. The study was conducted...

This paper presents a case study of the use of a repeated single-criterion card sort with an unusually large, diverse participant group. The study, whose goal was to elicit novice programmers' knowledge of programming concepts, involved over 20 researchers from four continents and 276 participants drawn from 20 different institutions. In this paper...

Card sorts are a knowledge elicitation technique in which participants are given a collection of items and are asked to partition them into groups based on their own criteria. Information about the participant's knowledge structure is inferred from the groups formed and the names used to describe the groups through various methods ranging from simp...

Handwriting recognition is often considered as an ideal solution for pen-based Chinese input. However, handwrit-ing Chinese suffers from a performance bottleneck due to the complex structure of Chinese characters. We designed Donuts, a technique that allows a user to enter Chinese characters by navigating through a hierarchical marking menu of phon...