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Introduction
Director of the Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program (www.chile.unt.edu) coordinated by UNT in the US, and the Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity and Universidad de Magallanes in Chile. His work emphasizes the link between human welfare and the conservation of biological and cultural diversity. Has led the creation of the Omora Park and the UNESCO Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, and worked with various organizations to incorporate environmental ethics into conservation and education.
Additional affiliations
September 2004 - present
March 2002 - present
Publications
Publications (395)
We present a reliable and robust open dynamic chamber for measuring greenhouse gas exchange in peatlands with minimal disturbance of the ground. This chamber, called "skirt-chamber", is based on a transparent plastic film, placed above an open frame made of sparse interwoven wires, and expanded around the base of the chamber below a steel chain tha...
A nuclear leakage or tactical nuclear weapon use in a limited war could cause immense and long-lasting ecological consequences beyond the direct site of exposure. We call upon all scientists to communicate the importance of the environmental impacts of such an event to all life forms on Earth, including humankind. Changes to ecosystem structure and...
We recorded a colony of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa augusti on a dead Acer trunk in Santiago, Chile. We documented, both females and males, visiting and polinating non-native flowers of Erysimum linifolium and Aesculus hippocastanum. In addition to the first record of this species interaction with these plant species, we describe poorly known...
This chapter introduces the notion of new ontologies to understand the sociobiology of rivers and to better approach a comprehensive vision of riverine waterscapesWaterscapes. I begin with the descriptive realities of first explorers to highlight the importance of rivers defining the meandering landscape of the plains and piedmonts along with the i...
Las aves de los bosques templados y subantárticos de América del Sur han llamado históricamente la atención de ornitólogos y observadores de aves por (a) su aislamiento (> 1000 km) de otras comunidades de bosque del continente, (b) su alto endemismo (~41%, resultado de procesos evolutivos singulares) y (c) las rápidas transformaciones que han exper...
The chapter assesses the role of nature's diverse values in supporting social-ecological transformations towards more just and sustainable futures. This is approached as a two-fold and mutually complementing task: a) assessing the diverse values that have been considered in developing and creating visions for, and scenarios of the future, particula...
El nombre de la especie de paseriforme Aphrastura subantarctica, propuesto por Rozzi et al. (2022), no está disponible, dado que la publicación donde el mismo fue propuesto no cumplió con todos los requisitos del Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica. En esta nota establecemos la disponibilidad del nombre de la especie Aphrastura subantarc...
We describe a new taxon of terrestrial bird of the genus Aphrastura (rayaditos) inhabiting the Diego Ramírez Archipelago, the southernmost point of the American continent. This archipelago is geographically isolated and lacks terrestrial mammalian predators as well as woody plants, providing a contrasted habitat to the forests inhabited by the othe...
Planetary health provides a perspective of ecological interdependence that connects the health and vitality of individuals, communities, and Earth’s natural systems. It includes the social, political, and economic ecosystems that influence both individuals and whole societies. In an era of interconnected grand challenges threatening health of all s...
Biocultural ethics centers on the vital links between habitats, habits, and co-inhabitants. Nowadays, cities are a typical habitat for most of the world’s population, and they are the everyday background of many educational processes.
A natural laboratory is a place supporting the conditions for hypothesis testing under non-anthropogenic settings. Located at the southern end of the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion in southwestern South America, the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (CHBR) has one of the most extreme rainfall gradients in the world. Subject to oceanic climate conditi...
La ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes posee una heterogénea costa de fiordos y canales, con una gran extensión de ecosistemas intermareales sujetos al efecto de condiciones climáticas extremas características de zonas de altas latitudes. Trabajos de investigación recientes sugieren que la estructura de los ensambles intermareales que habitan en...
La Reserva de Biosfera Cabo de Hornos (RBCH) alberga una biodiversidad y tipos
de ecosistemas únicos a nivel mundial. Éstos han sido mucho menos estudiados que
sus homólogos, los ecosistemas subpolares del hemisferio norte. El objetivo de este
trabajo es presentar por primera vez una detallada descripción de los marcados
gradientes climáticos de la...
Chile se ha consolidado como una plataforma internacional para la investigación astronómica con el establecimiento de grandes telescopios y observatorios para investigar el espacio exterior, el macrocosmos, desde el desierto de Atacama. En los años 1950s, el camino para el establecimiento de los observatorios astronómicos de Chile se inició con exp...
La Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos, Chile, ha sido identificada como un área de alta diversidad de briófitas y se ha sugerido que también lo sea para los líquenes. Sin embargo, en contraste con los extensos estudios de briófitas, sólo se habían realizado inventarios preliminares de líquenes en esta reserva. Realizamos el primer estudio florís...
Abstract Mechanisms that reliably and efficiently guide practitioners to find relevant evidence are urgent for conservation decision‐making in Chilean Patagonia. The objective of this study was to systematically collect, characterize, and synthesize the extensive evidence about conservation knowledge in Chilean Patagonia focusing on the impacts of...
Simposio Humberto Maturana 1928-2021 La sección Simposio de autor de la revista Estudios Públicos es un espacio para el análisis de las ideas y obra de un pensador clásico o contemporáneo desde distintas perspectivas disciplinares.
Antarctic lichens (Usnea) near Carlini station on King George Island, January 2016 (Elisa Lagostina).
To contribute to achieving local and global sustainability, we propose a novel educational methodology, called field environmental philosophy (FEP), which orients ecotourism practices to reconnect citizens and nature. FEP is based on the systemic approach of the biocultural ethic that values the vital links among the life habits of co-inhabitants (...
Aim
The homogenisation of historically isolated gene pools has been recognised as one of the most serious conservation problems in the Antarctic. Lichens are the dominant components of terrestrial biotas in the Antarctic and in high mountain ranges of southern South America. We study the effects of dispersal strategy and migration history on their...
The Diego Ramírez archipelago is the last point of the South-America continent, located in the Drake Passage 112 km SW of Cape Horn. Due to its difficult access, information on the marine biodiversity that inhabits its coasts is still limited. This study presents the first report of the assemblage of coastal marine mollusks in this archipelago. Sam...
En un mundo aceleradamente cambiante, para confrontar las pérdidas de biodiversidad, el
desconocimiento y falta de valoración de los grupos de organismos más diversos, son necesarios cambios
culturales que trasciendan a los ámbitos puramente científicos y tecnológicos. En este trabajo se aborda
esta problemática al enfocarse en uno de los grupos de...
Resumen El Parque Nacional Yendegaia, ubicado al sur de Tierra del Fuego y al margen de la vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Darwin, es parte de la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos, en la ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes. Este parque nacional del extremo austral de Chile comprende un extenso valle rodeado de cadenas montañosas con ríos...
Las reservas de la biosfera tienen entre sus funciones apoyar la investigación científica, educación, capacitación y monitoreo. En la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos (RBCH), creada el año 2005, estas funciones se han cumplido desde la conformación del Parque Etnobotánico Omora el año 2000 y con su implementación, el año 2008, como sitio co-fu...
Los archipiélagos Diego Ramírez y Cabo de Hornos se ubican en el extremo austral de la ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes y hasta ahora su diversidad de insectos y otros invertebrados terrestres ha sido escasamente caracterizada. En este trabajo, presentamos un catastro actualizado de invertebrados, con un foco en la entomofauna
terrestre del ar...
El Churrín Magallánico se distribuye en Chile desde la zona del Cabo de Hornos y por el norte hasta la Cordillera de Atacama y Termas del Toro. La otra especie del género observado en Chile es el Churrín Sombrío, que se distribuye desde Atacama por el norte hasta el río Imperial y Cordillera de Nahuelbuta por el sur. Hay publicaciones que muestran...
The Magellanic Tapaculo Scytalopus magellanicus is found in Chile from Cape Horn in the south to the Atacama Mountain Range and Termas del Toro in the north. The other species of the genus observed in Chile is the Dusky Tapaculo Scytalopus fuscus, which is distributed from Atacama in the north to the Imperial River and the Cordillera de Nahuelbuta...
Nest predation by invasive mammalian predators can cause major impacts on native bird populations. The American mink (Neovison vison) was recently introduced on Navarino Island in southern Chile. The mink established as a new terrestrial mesopredator on the island with documented impacts on waterfowl breeding success. However, little is known about...
The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve is located in one of the most pristine areas on the planet. Its forest birds, some of them charismatic species, are one of the focus interests for both tourists and the local community. However, basic aspects of bird distribution in these ecosystems are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the dis...
The network of Long-term Socio-ecological Research sites within the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (LTSER-Cape Horn) extends today to the Gonzalo Island (56°31’S), Diego Ramírez Archipelago, as its southernmost site. This is also the southernmost island of the American continent and of the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes, housing a huge diversit...
The marine ecoregions of Canals and Fjords of Southern Chile and Magellan Sub-Antarctic represent the extreme southern latitude limit for the distribution of numerous organism group. In southern Hemisphere, the most austral distribution site of kelps formation is placed at Diego Ramírez Archipelago, where Lessonia flavicans, L. searlesiana and Macr...
Long-term socio-ecological research requires comprehensive assessments of biodiversity that overcome historical taxonomic biases, such as the strong focus on the vascular flora. This is particularly relevant at high latitudes where the richness of non-vascular plant species exceeds that of vascular species. Additionally, with respect to geographica...
The Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve is located in one of the most pristine areas on the planet. Its forest birds, some of them charismatic species, are one of the focus interests for both tourists and the local community. However, basic aspects of bird distribution in these ecosystems are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the dis...
The Diego Ramírez archipelago is the last point of the South-America continent, located in the Drake Passage 112 km SW of Cape Horn. Due to its difficult access, information on the marine biodiversity that inhabits its coasts is still limited. This study presents the first report of the assemblage of coastal marine mollusks in this archipelago. Sam...
Biocultural conservation increasingly requires transdisciplinary collaborations, which includes different disciplines, institutions and actors. The collaboration between scientists and the Chilean Navy has been an effective way to address this requirement. This inter-institutional collaboration between the Navy and the Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Con...
The Omora Ethnobotanical Park develops long-term biocultural education, research, and conservation in Puerto Williams, Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, Chile. In 2008 it was discovered that this reserve is a hotspot of diversity of non-vascular flora, however, the community was unaware of this floristic richness. The causes of this ignorance were inves...
El cambio climático global afecta a todas las regiones del planeta, pero hay zonas geográficas que son especialmente vulnerables en el corto plazo. Entre estas regiones, Magallanes sobresale, especialmente la ecorregión subantártica de Magallanes (47° S-56° S) 1. Esta ecorregión presenta singularidades ecosistémicas y ecológicas tales como sus gran...
Background
Birds can maximize their reproductive success through careful selection of nest-sites. The ‘total-foliage’ hypothesis predicts that nests concealed in vegetation should have higher survival. We propose an additional hypothesis, the ‘predator proximity’ hypothesis, which states that nests placed farther from predators would have higher su...
Background. Birds can maximize their reproductive success through careful selection of nest-sites. The 'total-foliage' hypothesis predicts that nests concealed in vegetation should have higher survival. We propose an additional hypothesis, the 'predator proximity' hypothesis, which states that nests placed farther from predators would have higher s...
Abstract. The three discoveries of the extreme southern region in South America, made since the last ice age, are briefly recounted: human protopopulation, the Magallanes expedition, and the arrival of modern naturalists, from Darwin to the present day. Some relevant organisms of the region, their functions in the ecosystem and their benefits for m...
The world's southernmost tree has been documented along with the condition and growth pattern of the world's southernmost forest on Isla Hornos, Chile. The distribution of trees at broad scales is strongly influenced by the abiotic environment and determining the position and condition of tree limits around the world is an important way to monitor...
Understanding the population genetic consequences of habitat heterogeneity requires assessing whether patterns of gene flow correspond to landscape configuration. Studies of the genetic structure of populations are still scarce for Neotropical forest birds. We assessed range-wide genetic structure and contemporary gene flow in the thorn-tailed raya...
Parts of Antarctica were amongst the most rapidly changing regions of the planet during the second half of the Twentieth Century. Even so, today, most of Antarctica remains in the grip of continental ice sheets, with only about 0.2% of its overall area being ice-free. The continent’s terrestrial fauna consists only of invertebrates, with just two n...
Latitudinal gradients are well-suited systems that may be helpful explaining distribution of haemosporidian parasites and host susceptibility. We studied the prevalence, diversity and drivers of haemosporidian parasites (Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) along a latitudinal gradient (30°–56° S), that encompass the total distribution (~3,0...
Sustainable forms of co-inhabitation in this world are not only possibilities ; they are actualities. However, for their expression, it is essential to undertake a twofold task: (1) to precisely and severely sanction those agents who act guided by a self-absorbed economic interest threatening the sustainability of life, and (2) to decisively defend...
Global culture, forms of governance, economic and development models have become drastically dissociated from biological and cultural diversity and their interrelationships. Global society is exposed to globally homogeneously governed life habits that tend to build globally homogeneous technological and urban habitats in the heterogeneous regions o...
El Parque Etnobotánico Omora desarrolla investigación, educación y conservación biocultural a largo plazo en Puerto Williams, Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos, Chile. El 2008 se descubrió que esta reserva es un centro mundial de diversidad de flora no-vascular, sin embargo, la comunidad desconocía esta riqueza florística. Se investigaron las c...
The Chilean network of Biosphere Reserves aspires to become a model of sustainability. Several crucial steps have been undertaken to create a network that encompasses most ecoregions along Chile’s extensive latitudinal gradient. This chapter presents an account of the growth of the network, including its advances and pitfalls. Improvements seem to...
Explore stutent's use of metaphors and other types of narratives to understand, explain and communicate different natural and ecological processes. Students focused mostly on poetic communication and composition of metaphors through analogical thinking, and gthe implementation of scientific, philosophical and artistic interpretive signs in conserva...
Background:
The study of altitudinal gradients provides insights about species diversity, distribution patterns and related drivers. The Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion has a steep elevational gradient, peaking at around 1,000 m a.s.l., and marked changes in temperature and landscape composition can be observed over relatively short distances....
The Magellanic Sub-Antarctic Channels ecoregion supports one of the greatest numbers of macroalgae species in South America. In this ecoregion, the majority of macroalgae research has been associated with spatial ecology. In contrast, the temporal scale has received little attention. Here, we report the seasonal changes of taxa richness, wet biomas...
The southernmost archipelago of the Americas is dominated by invasive mammals that outnumber their native counterparts. Despite the relatively low ability of most invasive mammals to cross cold sea water channels, invaders are apparently colonizing new islands. Our objective was to provide an assessment of the expansion of invasive mammals within t...
Abstract
Background: There is limited knowledge about the breeding strategies of birds inhabiting in South American temperate forests. This is particularly true for open-cup forest passerines breeding at high latitudes (> 42°). To better understand the ecology of these species, in this study we described and compared the breeding strategies
(i.e.,...
Chronosequences at the forefront of retreating glaciers provide information about colonization rates of bare surfaces. In the northern hemisphere, forest development can take centuries, with rates often limited by low nutrient availability. In contrast, in front of the retreating Pia Glacier (Tierra del Fuego, Chile), a Nothofagus forest is in plac...
The culture of global society commonly associates the word animal with vertebrates. Paradoxically, most of animal diversity is composed of small organisms that remain invisible in the global culture and are underrepresented in philosophy, science, and education. Twenty-first century science has revealed that many invertebrates have consciousness an...