Ricardo Mansilla

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México | UNAM · Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Science and the Humanities (CEIICH)

Introducción a una nueva rama interdisciplinaria del saber humano: la econofísica. Se entiende, este nuevo concepto acuñado por primera vez por el físico Harry Eugene Stanley de la Universidad de Boston, como la investigación de los fenómenos económicos con el punto de vista propio de estos profesionistas. En palabras del autor de el libro: en cont...

The thermodynamic formalism of nonequilibrium systems together with the theory of complex systems and systems biology offer an appropriate theoretical framework to explain the complexity observed at the macroscopic level in physiological phenomena. In turn, they allow the establishment of an appropriate conceptual and operational framework to addre...

Fourth volume of the series Actas de Economía y Complexidad

En este trabajo se aborda una estructuración jerárquica de los conceptos fundamentales (multidisciplina, interdisciplina y transdisciplina) y su definición basada en primeros principios, así como la correlación de dicha estructuración con la abundante bibliografía actual sobre el tema, la cual contiene, de manera dispersa, la génesis de esta contri...

The process of ferroptosis has become an alternative therapy to fight cancer. As a continuation of previous work, a non-autonomous model was developed for avascular and vascular tumor growth under periodic perturbations that simulate the application of a chronotherapeutically modulated treatment based on triggering the ferroptosis process. It was f...

La ferroptosis es un proceso no apoptótico de muerte celular regulada que depende de la presencia de iones hierro en el medio intracelular. Se caracterizada por la acumulación de especies reactivas de lípidos oxidados y radicales libres en las membranas celulares. Los inductores e inhibidores de este proceso inciden de manera circunstancial en él,...

The concept of entropy has its origins in statistical physics and thermodynamics and is generally defined as a measure of the amount of disorder or uncertainty in a system, or complementarily, of the reduced predictive information. Entropy has strong relations with information and other fields of human knowledge; therefore, it has strong relevance...

The COVID-19 pandemic has motivated a resurgence in the use of phenomenological growth models for predicting the early dynamics of infectious diseases. These models assume that time is a continuous variable, whereas in the present contribution the discrete versions of Gompertz and Generalized Logistic models are used for early monitoring and short-...

From the perspectives of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and the theory of complex systems, a characterization of longevity and aging and their relationships with the emergence and evolution of cancer was carried out. It was found that: (1) the rate of entropy production could be used as an index of the robustness, plasticity, and aggr...

From the formalism of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and the theory of complex systems, characterization of longevity and aging and its relationship with the emergence and evolution of cancer was carried out. It was found that: 1. The rate of entropy production can be used as an index of robustness, plasticity, the aggressiveness of c...

In this paper we study Algorithmic High-Frequency Financial Markets as dynamical networks. After an individual analysis of 24 stocks of the US market during a trading year of fully automated transactions by means of ordinal pattern series, we define an information-theoretic measure of pairwise synchronization for time series which allows us to stud...

For the last few years there has been a resurgence in the use of phenomenological growth models for predicting the early dynamics of infectious diseases. These models assume that time is a continuous variable whereas in the present contribution, the discrete versions of Gompertz and Generalized Logistic models are used for early monitoring and shor...

In this work we introduce a simple mathematical model, based on master equations, to describe the time evolution of the popularity of hashtags on the Twitter social network. Specifically, we model the total number of times a certain hashtag appears on user's timelines as a function of time. Our model considers two kinds of components: those that ar...

Desde la perspectiva de las ciencias sociales, 17 especialista analizan los impactos de la pandemia de COVID-19 y de las medidas adoptadas por las autoridades como para combatirla. Se analiza la profunda esa recesión que dichas medidas provocaron que, sin duda, conducirá al aumento de la pobreza y la aparición de problemas de salud mental asociados...

It is shown how through the entropy production rate a natural unification between the formalism of classical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics is achieved. It is also shown how the entropy production rate represents an alternative way to the sensitivity analysis method in order to determine the fundamental steps in a reaction mechanism.

In this paper we analyze the Effcient Market Hypothesis for automated high-frequency stock markets. Using the Hurst exponent as a measure of eciency, we show that the time series of highfrequency stock prices do not follow random walks, rejecting then (as we discuss in the text) the EMH for these markets.

Herewith we discuss a network model of the ferroptosis avascular and vascular tumor growth based on our previous proposed framework. Chiefly, ferroptosis should be viewed as a first order phase transition characterized by a supercritical Andronov Hopf bifurcation, with the emergence of limit cycle. The increase of the population of the oxidized PUF...

The presence and complexity of political Twitter bots has increased in recent years, making it a very difficult task to recognize these accounts from real, human users. We intended to provide an answer to the following question: are temporal patterns of activity qualitatively different in fake and human accounts? We collected a large sample of twee...

p class="p2">E l D r . Z e nil es un académico de amplios intereses interdisciplinarios, se describe a sí mismo como un “científico natural computacional” y de quien Gregory Chaitin ha dicho es un “nuevo tipo de teórico práctico”, parafraseando sin duda el título de la notable obra de S. Wolfram. Se graduó de matemático por la UNAM en 2003, obtuvo...

A 2D cellular automata model, which allows a better understanding of the morphogenesis of the avascular tumor pattern formation, is presented. Using thermodynamics formalism of irreversible processes and results of complex systems theory, we propose features that establish, in a quantitative way, the degree of aggressiveness and the malignancy of t...

Se presenta una panorámica de los tópicos fundamentales del trabajo seminal de Schrödinger, ¿Qué es la vida?, Capítulos 6 y 7 respectivamente y se establece una análisis de los mismos desde el formalismo de la termodinámica de los procesos irreversibles y los sistemas complejos. De esta forma, se establecen una serie de consideraciones epistemológi...

In this paper, a statistical analysis of high frequency fluctuations of the IPC, the Mexican Stock Market Index, is presented. A sample of tick--to--tick data covering the period from January 1999 to December 2002 was analyzed, as well as several other sets obtained using temporal aggregation. Our results indicates that the highest frequency is not...

Science in the 21st century seems to be governed by novel approaches involving interdisciplinary work, systemic perspectives and complexity theory concepts. These new paradigms force us to leave aside our elder mechanistic approaches and embrace new starting points based on stochasticity, chaoticity, statistics and probability. In this work we revi...

Aim Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. 90% of deaths caused by this disease occur due to metastasis. Two models are proposed that rescue fundamental aspects of metastasis, such as EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), extravasation and colonization. Methods To evaluate the complexity, the Lyapunov exponents, the eigenvalues of...

The beta rank function (BRF), is the normalized and continuous rank of an observation x. It has wide applications in fitting real-world data. The underlying probability density function (pdf) is not expressible in terms of elementary functions except for specific parameter values. We show however that it is approximately a unimodal skewed two-sided...

This paper shows that the distribution of sales, net profit, assets and number of employees of the 500 largest companies in Mexico follow the Zipf Law. After calculating the Zipf coefficients for the period 2006-2017, they were used to create a scale that measures three different levels of intensity of competition among companies in six sectors of...

The COVID-19 pandemic has completely disrupted the operation of our societies. Its elusive transmission process, characterized by an unusually long incubation period, as well as a high contagion capacity, has forced many countries to take quarantine and social isolation measures that conspire against the performance of national economies. This situ...

p>Uno de los más notables integrantes de nuestra civilización a lo largo de toda su historia es sin duda Leonardo da Vinci. Fue pintor, ingeniero, músico, científico, escultor y organizador de soberbios festejos entre otras muchas vocaciones. Después de su muerte, ocurrida en 1519, su obra languideció en la oscuridad hasta finales del siglo XVIII....

In this work we introduce a model based on master equations to describe the time evolution of the popularity of topics and hashtags on the Twitter social network. Specifically, we model the number of times a certain hashtag appears on the network as a function of time. In our model, the behavior of this quantity depends on the degree distribution o...

Introducción: La metástasis del cáncer es la transferencia de células tumorales de un órgano a otro mediante una serie de multipasos secuenciales interrelacionados. Este proceso es uno de los principales retos en el tratamiento del cáncer debido a su heterogeneidad biológica. El proceso de metástasis es considerado la principal causa de muerte en e...

In this paper, a statistical analysis of high frequency fluctuations of the IPC, the Mexican Stock Market Index, is presented. A sample of tick-to-tick data covering the period from January 1999 to December 2002 was analyzed, as well as several other sets obtained using temporal aggregation. Our results indicates that the highest frequency is not u...

Bienestar subjetivo y su estudio con redes semánticas en análisis lineal y no lineal ◊◊ Subjective well-being and its study with semantic networks in linear and non-linear analysis Abstract | Background: semantic networks allow to de a mental model structure showing the underlining culture. It can help to Mexico City's dwellers representation about...

em>Antecedentes: las redes semánticas muestran la estructura de conceptos culturalmente relevantes que forman modelos mentales, como puede ser la representación del bienestar subjetivo para la CDMX. Objetivo: Obtener una definición de bienestar subjetivo culturalmente relevante con la aplicación de la técnica de redes semánticas, teoría psicológica...

A non-autonomous ordinary differential equations model was developed from the theoretical model of a nonlinear network previously developed by us. The proposed network-modified model qualitatively shows that mole-rates, when subjected to hostile conditions such as variations of the oxygen of the environment, maintain high robustness to environmenta...

A non-autonomous ordinary differential equations model was developed from the theoretical model of a nonlinear network previously developed by us. The proposed network-modified model qualitatively shows that mole-rates, when subjected to hostile conditions such as variations of the oxygen of the environment, maintain high robustness to environmenta...

Science in the 21st century seems to be governed by novel approaches involving interdisciplinary work, systemic perspectives and complexity theory concepts. These new paradigms force us to leave aside our elder mechanistic approaches and embrace new starting points based on stochasticity, chaoticity, statistics and probability. In this work we revi...

En el año 2015 vio la luz el primer tomo de la serie Actas de economía y complejidad. Como se afirmaba en el prólogo de aquella primera entrega, contenía trabajos presentados en el seminario de economía y complejidad con sede en el CeIICH, durante el periodo abarcado entre los años 2011 y 2014 que por su excelente calidad merecieron ser incluidos e...

The Beta Rank Function (BRF) $x(u) =A(1-u)^b/u^a$, where $u$ is the normalized and continuous rank of an observation $x$, has wide applications in fitting real-world data from social science to biological phenomena. The underlying probability density function (pdf) $f_X(x)$ does not usually have a closed expression except for specific parameter val...

Metastasis is resistant to conventional therapies and the main cause of death by cancer. In this article we discuss a non-autonomous model for the stage of cancer metastasis in which a periodic perturbation is introduced simulating the action of chronotherapy on the immune system and on the flow rate of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. As a r...

Tumor glycolysis is a self-organized nonlinear mechanism that can exhibit oscillations under certain conditions. Experimental evidence suggests that glycolytic oscillations may give certain advantages to cancer, including resistance to therapies. A previously developed oscillating glycolysis model was modified with the objective of theoretically ev...

Tumor glycolysis is a self-organized nonlinear mechanism that can exhibit oscillations under certain conditions. Experimental evidence suggests that glycolytic oscillations may give certain advantages to cancer, including resistance to therapies. A previously developed oscillating glycolysis model was modified with the objective of theoretically ev...

This work discusses the relationship of the biological aging between mole-rats and rats through a unified approach from the perspective of thermodynamics. Taking calorimetric data from some published studies of the metabolism on mole-rats and rats, it is calculated the entropy production rate. It is observed that the entropy production rate in rats...

A partir del formalismo de la termodinámica de los procesos irreversibles, TPI y la teoría de los sistemas complejos, SC, se se realizó una caracterización de la emergencia y evolución del cáncer

Las reacciones oscilantes son sistemas complejos. Desempeñan un rol transcendental en disímiles procesos naturales. El modelo de Rössler reproduce los rasgos principales del mecanismo auto-catalítico de Willamowski-Rössler. El objetivo es caracterizar la complejidad de los patrones temporales en la transición del caos espiral- embudo. Se emplearon...

A theoretical model of a nonlinear network that outlines the general aspects of mole-rat resistance to age-related diseases, such as cancer and the action of ROS was elaborated. According to our conjecture, it was shown that the protection is established because hyaluronic acid of high molecular mass forms a non-linear network of interactions. That...

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women in the world [1]. Current therapeutic strategies are targeted at surgical intervention, followed by radio and chemotherapies [2, 3]. The negative side effects of these conventional therapies, which in many cases deteriorate the patient's quality of life and even lead to premature death...

A non-autonomous model was developed for vascular tumor growth and cancer metastasis under periodic perturbations that simulate chronotherapy. It was found that for a critical amplitude and a perturbation frequency of twice the autonomous frequency in vascular growth, less complex and therefore less robust states are reached and the tumor populatio...

A non-autonomous model for the regulation of apoptosis by p53 is proposed as a model for cancer chronotherapy. A perturbation is introduced that simulates damage caused to DNA in a periodic regime. To characterize the resulting system dynamics, the techniques used were stroboscopic analysis, Poincare section and power spectrum. The complexity of th...

This work discusses the relationship between the biological aging and cancer in a unified approach from the perspective of thermodynamics. Taking calorimetric data from some published studies on normal and altered by metastatic carcinoma human metabolism, it is calculated the entropy production rate. It is observed that the entropy production rate...

This work discusses the relationship between the biological aging and cancer in a unified approach from the perspective of thermodynamics. Taking calorimetric data from some published studies on normal and altered by metastatic carcinoma human metabolism, it is calculated the entropy production rate. It is observed that the entropy production rate...

As in all human activity, it is the scale of their intervention that ends up affecting the environment where we develop our life activity. In this way, the almost exponential growth of the world population has led to a strong incidence of agriculture in the transformation of the surface of the planet. That is why the studies on agroecology take on...

Herewith we discuss a network model of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) based on our previous proposed framework. The EMT appears as a “first order” phase transition process, analogous to the transitions observed in the chemical–physical field. Chiefly, EMT should be considered a transition characterized by a supercritical Andronov–Hopf...

p>La irrupción de Internet en la sociedad moderna plantea una serie de retos de diversos tipos. En particular, en lo referente al papel de las ciencias sociales en la comprensión de los nuevos fenómenos que esta genera, así como el eventual cambio en los paradigmas de investigación de esta disciplina, dada las nuevas circunstancias. Este trabajo pr...

The thermodynamical formalism of irreversible processes offers a theoretical framework appropriate to explain the complexity observed at the macroscopic level of dynamic systems. In this context, together with the theory of complex systems and systems biology, the thermodynamical formalism establishes an appropriate conceptual framework to address...

To evaluate the effect of glucose deprivation on the robustness of cancer glycolysis, the total entropy production rate was calculated from the in silico modeling of the glycolytic network of HeLa cells grown under different glucose and oxygen conditions. It was shown that glucose deprivation had a deleterious effect for the cells grown under hypog...

De la retroalimentación entre flujos migratorios de la población y oferta de empleo en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México (ZMCM) resultó un patrón de crecimiento por etapas de la misma con sus respectivas modalidades migratorias, lo que nos ayudó a identificar a la zona como un sistema complejo. Asumiendo que la zona se encuentra en la te...

El notable interés que la comunidad científica ha brindado al concepto de interdisciplina en las últimas décadas parece sugerir que este tipo de estudios son un paradigma reciente en los métodos de la investigación científica. El objetivo de este trabajo es brindar una minuciosa crónica de los encuentros y colisiones a partir de los cuales se formó...

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women in the world [1]. Current therapeutic strategies are targeted at surgical intervention, followed by radio and chemotherapies [2, 3]. The negative side effects of these conventional therapies, which in many cases deteriorate the patient's quality of life and even lead to premature death...

The calculation of absolute binding affinities for protein-inhibitor complexes remains as one of the main challenges in computational structure-based ligand design. The present work explored the calculations of surface fractal dimension (as a measure of surface roughness) and the relationship with experimental binding free energies of Plasmepsin II...

Experimental evidence confirms the existence of glycolytic oscillations in cancer, which allows it to self-organize in time and space far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and provides it with high robustness, complexity and adaptability. A kinetic model is proposed for HeLa tumor cells grown in hypoxia conditions. It shows oscillations in a wide ran...

Using the entropy production rate method to determine the influence of glucose on a glycolysis model for HeLa tumor line, the greater complexity and robustness hypoglycemic phenotype was established. On the other side, inside the same metabolic phenotype a higher glucose concentration corresponds to a higher entropy production rate. It is concluded...

The thermodynamics formalism of irreversible processes, systems biology and complex systems theory offer a theoretical framework appropriate for the characterization of the emergence and evolution of cancer. In such a sense, in a previous work we presented a conceptual definition of the cancer, such as: Cancer is a generic name given to a complex n...

Using the entropy production rate method to determine the in uence of glucose on a glycolysis model for HeLa tumor line, the greater complexity and robustness hypoglycemic phenotype was established. On the other side, inside the same metabolic phenotype a higher glucose concentration corresponds to a higher entropy production rate. It is concluded...

The thermodynamics formalism of irreversible processes, systems biology and complex systems theory offer a theoretical framework appropriate for the characterization of the emergence and evolution of cancer. In such a sense, in a previous work we presented a conceptual definition of the cancer, such as: Cancer is a generic name given to a complex n...

La historia de las ciencias del siglo xx se vio dominada por lo que podíamos llamar “las tres C” (teoría de las catástrofes, teoría del caos y teoría de la complejidad).1 Los métodos e ideas de esta última inundan áreas del conocimiento científico tan disímiles como la biología o la economía, sustentados por la cada vez más ubicua asistencia de las...

Las ecuaciones diferenciales estocásticas son una herramienta matemática muy útil para simular la evolución en el tiempo de los precios de los diferentes activos e instrumentos financieros: precios de acciones, bonos, tasas de interés, derivados, etc. Uno de los problemas más importantes asociados a estas ecuaciones es la simulación numérica de sus...

It was proved through Rossler model, where the funnel case is more robust tan spiral chaos, the entropy production per unit time is a Lyapunov's function on the space of the control system parameters. It was established the conjecture of entropy production fractal dimension. The current theoretical framework will hopefully provide a better understa...

Recopilación de trabajos destacados presentados en el Seminario de Economía y Complejidad del CEIICH

Partiendo de diferentes planteamientos teóricos sobre la relación entre las variables de población y empleo, en este trabajo se desarrollan dos modelos de la teoría de los sistemas complejos para el estudio de las mismas. Con base en el primero de ellos, se confirma la idea de que patrones de distribución que siguen leyes de potencias, como los que...

Capítulo en el libro Actas de Economía y Complejidad I, en el mismo se ofrece un recorrido por las ideas fundamentales acerca de la racionalidad en la toma de desiciones en particular en ciertos estudios sobre los procesos electorales. En particular, se describe un modelo y la evolución de un proceso electoral con tres partidos y ciertas caracterís...