Ricardo López Fernandez

• University of Salamanca

One of the aims of compulsory education is for students to adequately handle basic maths, owing to its importance in their future professional and personal lives. However, mechanical knowledge of an algorithm may not be sufficient to train future citizens with critical and creative thinking if it is not accompanied by a comprehensive understanding...

Bibliografía p. 329-463 Efectuar una sistematización sobre la situación actual de la investigación sobre los procesos de aprendizaje en matemáticas, y su relación con la evolución histórica del uso educativo del computador. Contextualizar del estado actual de dicha investigación didáctica en relación con la utilización como recurso tecnológico de l...

We present a study about memory and its relationship with the acquisition of mathematical knowledge. The main goal is to analyze and interpret the functioning of memory and the associated processes on which are based demonstrations of propositions, lemmas and theorems of mathematical theory. In the same way, the correspondence between the organizat...

En este artículo presentamos resultados de investigación relacionados con la tipología, naturaleza y evolución de los errores en la sustracción. El objetivo principal de la investigación trata de indagar sobre si en nuestro contexto escolar se producen errores sistemáticos y si disminuyen a lo largo de la escolaridad. Asimismo, comparamos los resul...

A measurement of the angular correlations between beauty and anti-beauty hadrons (B B-bar) produced in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the CERN LHC is presented, probing for the first time the region of small angular separation. The B hadrons are identified by the presence of displaced secondary vertices from their decays. The...

The spectra of strange hadrons are measured in proton-proton collisions, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 and 7 TeV. The \( {\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0 \), Λ, and Ξ− particles and their antiparticles are reconstructed from their decay topologies and the production rates are measured as functions of rapid...

A search for large extra spatial dimensions via virtual-graviton exchange in the diphoton channel has been carried out with the CMS detector at the LHC. No excess of events above the standard model expectations is found using a data sample collected in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 i...

Hadronic event shapes have been measured in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV, with a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 inverse picobarns. Event-shape distributions, corrected for detector response, are compared with five models of QCD multijet production.

A search for supersymmetry with R-parity conservation in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse picobarns collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is performed in events with jets and significant missing transverse energy, characteristic...

A search for microscopic black hole production and decay in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been conducted by the CMS Collaboration at the LHC, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse picobarns. Events with large total transverse energy are analyzed for the presence of multiple high-energy j...

The differential cross section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons has been measured as a function of the photon transverse energy E_T-gamma in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV using data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 inverse picobarns. Photons are required...

A measurement of the b-hadron production cross section in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} \) is presented. The dataset, corresponding to 85 nb−1, was recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC using a low-threshold single-muon trigger. Events are selected by the presence of a muon with transverse momentum \( p_T^\mu > 6\...

Los resultados de la investigación que presentamos demuestran que la influencia del conocimiento formal, intuitivo y procedimental en el proceso de aprendizaje algorítmico; el contexto pedagógico del aula y el proceso de transferencia del conocimiento matemático son decisivos en la generación del error que se nutre de mecanismos de transferencia an...

The results of the study presented in this paper demonstrate that the influence of formal, intuitive and procedural knowledge in the process of algorithmic learning, the pedagogical context of the classroom and the process of transferring mathematical knowledge are decisive in error generation through mechanisms of analogical transfer. The paper re...

The results of the first search for long-lived gluinos produced in 7 TeV pp collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are presented. The search looks for evidence of long-lived particles that stop in the CMS detector and decay in the quiescent periods between beam crossings. In a dataset with a peak instantaneous luminosity of 10^{32} cm^{-2} s^...

Measurements of inclusive W and Z boson production cross sections in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are presented, based on 2.9 pb-1 of data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurements, performed in the electron and muon decay channels, are combined to give sigma(pp --> WX) X B(W--> ln) = 9.95 +/- 0.07 (stat.) +/- 0.28 (syst.) +/- 1...

A search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks is performed in the final state containing two electrons and two jets using proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 33 inverse picobarns collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The number of observed ev...

The Upsilon production cross section in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV is measured using a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 +/- 0.3 inverse picobarns. Integrated over the rapidity range |y|<2, we find the product of the Upsilon(1S) production cross section and b...

Measurements of the total and differential cross sections with respect to transverse momentum and rapidity for B+ mesons produced in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV are presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.8 inverse picobarns collected by the CMS experiment operating at the LHC. The exclusive decay $B^+ \to J/\psi K^+...

The result of a search at the LHC for heavy stable charged particles produced in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is described. The data sample was collected with the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 inverse picobarns. Momentum and ionization-energy-loss measurements in the inner tracker detector are used to identify...

Jet production in PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV was studied with the CMS detector at the LHC, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.7 inverse microbarns. Jets are reconstructed using the energy deposited in the CMS calorimeters and studied as a function of collision centrality. W...

Dijet angular distributions are measured over a wide range of dijet invariant masses in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, at the CERN LHC. The event sample, recorded with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. The data are found to be in good agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and yiel...

A measurement of W^+W^- production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and a search for the Higgs boson are reported. The W^+W^- candidates are selected in events with two leptons, either electrons or muons. The measurement is performed using LHC data recorded with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns....

A new heavy gauge boson, W', decaying to a muon and a neutrino, is searched for in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass of 7 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. No significant excess of events above the standard model expectation is found in the transverse mass dist...

A search for supersymmetry in the context of general gauge-mediated (GGM) breaking with the lightest neutralino as the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and the gravitino as the lightest is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is perfo...

A search for narrow resonances at high mass in the dimuon and dielectron channels has been performed by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using pp collision data recorded at $\sqrt{s}$=7 TeV. The event samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 40 inverse picobarns in the dimuon channel and 35 inverse picobarns in the dielectron channel. He...

A search is presented for physics beyond the standard model (SM) in final states with opposite-sign isolated lepton pairs accompanied by hadronic jets and missing transverse energy. The search is performed using LHC data recorded with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 inverse picobarns. No evidence for an event yield...

A measurement of the underlying activity in scattering processes with pT scale in the GeV region is performed in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 0.9 TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Charged hadron production is studied with reference to the direction of a leading object, either a charged particle or a set of char...

A search for narrow resonances in the dijet mass spectrum is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 inverse pb collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level (CL) are presented on the product of the resonance cross section, branching fraction into dijets, and acceptance, separatel...

We present a measurement of the ratio of positive to negative muon fluxes from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector both at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern at the CERN LHC. Muons were detected in the momentum range from 5 GeV/c to 1 TeV/C. The surface flux ratio is measured to b...

Bose-Einstein correlations have been measured using samples of proton-proton collisions at 0.9 and 2.36 TeV center-of-mass energies, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is observed in the form of an enhancement of pairs of same-sign charged particles with small relative four-momentum. The size of the correla...

Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$~TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit-pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combinati...

Results on two-particle angular correlations for charged particles emitted in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV are presented, using data collected with the CMS detector over a broad range of pseudorapidity (eta) and azimuthal angle ($\phi$). Short-range correlations in $\Delta\eta$, which are studied in mi...

A search for quark compositeness in the form of quark contact interactions, based on hadronic jet pairs (dijets) produced in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV, is described. The data sample of the study corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 inverse picobarns collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The dijet centrality ratio, wh...

The solving problems like the transfer constitute two nuclei, related, essential in the cognitive investigation and in the mathematical education. No is in and of itself casual that, from the first moment, in the investigations on the application gives the computer science to the teaching the mathematics, cybernetic models were developed that simul...

In this article, we presented results related to the typology, nature and evolution of the errors in subtraction. The main aim, is to examine if in our school context systematic errors take place and if these decrease throughout schooling. Also, we compared our results with the ones contributed by authors of reference in this field of research. To...

In this article we present the development of a web application called SHARP Online: An Adaptive Hypermedia System Applied to Mathematical Problem Solving. The pedagogical basis of this application is found in the support techniques for heuristic learning in mathematical problem solving developed according to the Schoenfeld model. The adaptivity of...

Resumen Los resultados de la investigación que presentamos demuestran que la influencia de los desarrollos hipermedia sobre el conocimiento formal y procedimental en el proceso de aprendizaje algorítmico son decisivos y favorecedores del mismo. Específicamente hemos estudiado este hecho en el algoritmo de la sustracción. A través de los datos que p...

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the implied algorithmic processes in the learning of the subtraction, both in the conceptual and procedural planes, and to establish the relation between both components in the origin of the errors. For that reason, this study is classified as a scientific analysis on the nature and sources of error...

school, using a sample of 357 primary school students who were tested with the VanLehn 20 subtractions test. The SPSS 11.5 computer programme was used to analyze the data generated by the tests. One hundred and twenty-two different errors were analyzed, the results showing systematic errors in 55% of the cases. We likewise found that the evolution...

This article presents the design and preparation using hypermedia tools of an interactive CD-ROM for the active teaching and learning of diverse problem-solving strategies in Mathematics for secondary school students. The use of the CD-ROM allows the students to learn, interactively, the heuristic style of solving problems. A range of problems has...

Reseña de la tesis doctoral de Ricardo López Fernández realizada por el propio autor. cr

El propósito de este artículo es describir la experiencia adquirida por los autores en el desarrollo de un instrumento de aprendizaje para trabajadores de PYMEs (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas). El instrumento es un CDROM que contiene diversos cursos multimedia interactivos sobre Internet y sus herramientas -transferencia de ficheros, World Wide Web....

Estamos inmersos en la actualidad en una amplia línea de debate sobre los contenidos curriculares en el área de Ciencias de las enseñanzas básicas y secundaria. Ello surge de una amplia insatisfacción tanto en los objetivos como en las metodologías que en estos niveles de la enseñanza se aplican. Desde luego, no es este un fenómeno específico de nu...

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de la Aplicación Web denominada SHARP Online, Sistema Hipermedia Adaptativo aplicado a la Resolución de Problemas Matemáticos. SHARPO se fundamenta en las técnicas de soporte al aprendizaje heurístico en la resolución de problemas matemáticos desarrolladas en el modelo de Schoenfeld. La adaptatividad de la...

El desarrollo práctico de los ordenadores y sus aplicaciones propias a la educación, desde sus comienzos ha estado marcado por sus desarrollos específicos en el ámbito del aprendizaje de las ciencias y, particularmente, en educación matemática. Este articulo, constituye una introducción sobre estas aplicaciones y sus modos de uso e intervención en...

Bibliografía: p. 142-144 Se pretende, en términos generales, aportar elementos para la construcción de una teoría del aprendizaje en Matemáticas que permita introducir elementos para una didáctica más adecuada. Para ello, el trabajo, específicamente, analiza el proceso de construcción de determinados conceptos por el niño y los efectos que tiene el...

En: Multimedia Educativo 2000. II Jornadas Multimedia Educativo Barcelona 2000, n. 2, julio La presente comunicación desarrolla aspectos de la teoría del diseño de materiales instructivos y su relación con modelos de diseño de dichos materiales sobre soporte hipermedia. En particular, para el tipo de material instructivo orientado a la enseñanza el...

Proyecto realizado en el Departamento de Didáctica de las Matemáticas y en el Laboratorio de Diseños Educativos Multimedia y Teleformación (I.U.C.E.), Universidad de Salamanca. Objetivos del proyecto. 1. Construcción de una apliación hipermedia para la docencia práctica del Cálculo Aritmético en Primaria. 2. Incorporar a la formación inicial de mae...

Resulta cada día más evidente el impacto de la sociedad de la información en la que nos encontramos en todos los aspectos de nuestra vida cotidiana. En este sentido, también en las técnicas educativas pueden suponer cambios, especialmente en la mentalidad clásica de llevar a cabo la labor docente. Explorar nuevas técnicas, métodos y herramientas su...