Reza Rostami

University of Tehran | UT · Department of Psychology

Background: Despite the prevalence and severity of bipolar disorder (BD), current diagnostic approaches remain largely subjective. This study presents an automatic diagnostic framework using electroencephalography (EEG)-derived Hjorth parameters (activity, mobility, and complexity), aiming to establish objective neurophysiological markers for BD de...

Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, has been defined as the loss of pleasure or lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli. Considering the relevance of alpha asymmetry to MDD and anhedonia, we explored the effect of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) stimulation on frontal and posterior EEG alpha asymmetry (FAA and PAA, respectively), in t...

Background: Theory of mind (ToM) or mentalizing, is the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others and is altered in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent evidence suggest that implicit, rather than explicit ToM is impaired in individuals with ASD. The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), which plays a crucial role...

Background Body perception is considered an important physiological marker in physical and mental disorders, therefore, its valid and reliable quantification is indeed necessary. Due to the lack of a Persian version of an instrument with validated psychometric properties for evaluating body perception, this study aimed to investigate the factorial...

The potential influence of culture on functional lateralization is a rarely investigated topic, yet it may be an important factor in our understanding of the human brain. In numerical processing, evidence was found for differential directional preferences of space-number associations in cultures with opposite reading direction systems. This may aff...

Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by cognitive deficits that are linked to prefrontal cortex dysfunction. While transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows promise for improving cognition, the effects of intensified 3mA tDCS protocols on brain physiology are unknown. This project aims to elucidate the neurophysiological and c...

Depression is a prevalent mental illness, often likened to a “mental cold”, impacting cognition, emotions, and behavior. Accurate and prompt diagnosis of its severity is a considerable challenge. This study investigates the potential of four cross-frequency coupling (CFC) types to identify depression severity. The research employs 19-channel EEG da...

The cerebellum has been shown to be engaged in tasks other than motor control, including cognitive and affective functions. Prior neuroimaging studies have documented the role of this area in social cognition and despite these findings, no studies have yet examined the causal relationship between the cerebellum and social cognition. This study aime...

Background. The present study examined the relationship between latent toxoplasmosis and mental disorders. Methods. The sample included 117 toxoplasma-positive volunteers on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Data were collected online using the 71-item abbreviated form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Results. According to...

Theory of mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others, is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) is a key brain region in ToM with altered activity in ASD. Theta-burst stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that can be used to modulate cortic...

Prediction of response to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) can build a very effective treatment platform that helps Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients to receive timely treatment. We proposed a deep learning model powered up by state-of-the-art methods to classify responders (R) and non-responders (NR) to rTMS treatment. Pr...

Introduction Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-pharmacological treatment for drug-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Since the success rate of rTMS treatment is about 50%–55%, it is essential to predict the treatment outcome before starting based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, leading to identifyi...

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) can be used as an effective treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) especially when a patient does not respond to multiple antidepressants. However, the prediction of the treatment outcome of rTMS is a vital task to prevent starting an inefficient treatment which may waste several important...

Intro: Mirror neurons’ function is thought to be enhanced by emotion processing. There is some evidence that the valence of an emotional presentation (positive or negative) can influence subsequent mirror neuron activity differently. Additionally, mirror neurons are claimed to provide the mechanism necessary for the embodied simulation of others’ m...

One of the most effective treatments for drug-resistant Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). To improve treatment efficacy and reduce health care costs, it is necessary to predict the treatment response. In this study, we intend to predict the rTMS treatment response in MDD patients from e...

Subjective memory complaints (SMC), the main cognitive component of which is event memory, is a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease in elderly people. The purpose of this trial was to investigate the effect of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with theta frequency (6 Hz) on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the improvement of ep...

Background Rumination is significantly frequent in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, not a lot of studies have investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on rumination. Methods 61 participants with a minimum Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) score of 20 were randomly assigned to sham, bilateral s...

Background Cognitive impairments are prevalent in patients with unipolar and bipolar depressive disorder (UDD and BDD, respectively). Considering the fact assessing cognitive functions is increasingly feasible for clinicians and researchers, targeting these problems in treatment and using them at baseline as predictors of response to treatment can...

The aim of this study was to predict the performance of primary school principals in terms of components of brain executive functions .The present study is a descriptive-correlational and statistical population including all school principals in District 7 of Mashhad. The sample size of 106 people was determined by stratified sampling method using...

Objective This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the existing literature on how different parameters of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalogram (EEG) modulate the amplitudes of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Methods A comprehensive search was run in PubMed and completed by Google Scholar to find articles studying healthy pa...

Some researchers suggest that deficits in attention and working memory influence the development of dyslexia, whereas others propose that these deficits are more likely due to reduced global processing speed. The current study aimed to investigate behavioral performance in children with dyslexia compared to typically developing controls on two task...

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the quantitative pattern of brain waves with post-traumatic growth dimensions in patients admitted due to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Post-traumatic growth is the mental experience of positive psychological changes caused by the individual as a result of coping with challenging situations. Materi...

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has proven to be an efficient treatment option for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the success rate of this method is still low, and the treatment outcome is unpredictable. The objective of this study was to explore clinical and structural neuroimaging facto...

This study aimed to validate the Persian version of the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ) and examine the relationship between life experience and memory function. To this end, two studies were conducted. Study one examined the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent and discriminant validity of the Persian version of LEQ w...

Dyslexia is a neurological disorder manifested as difficulty reading and writing. It can occur despite adequate instruction, intelligence, and intact sensory abilities. Different electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns have been demonstrated between dyslexic and healthy subjects in previous studies. This study focuses on the difference between patients...

Background Poor health behaviors and variables are recently more documented in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) lifestyle which might be relevant to the pathophysiology of this disorder. The objective of this case-control study was to assess the nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric variables in children with ADHD com...

Introduction: Rumination is a common symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), however, few studies assessed behavioral and physiological effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on this specific symptom, which is the aim of this investigation. Methods: 61 participants (36 women) with minimum Hamilton’s score of 19 were incl...

Today, the study of executive functions, which is one of the main controllers and coordinators of human behavior, has received widespread attention. In this study, an attempt was made to identify and categorize the theories, models, and components that make up the executive functions of the brain by systematically reviewing internal and external st...

ABSTTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantitative pattern of brain waves with post-traumatic growth dimensions in patients admitted due to Covid-19 disease. Post-traumatic growth is the mental experience of positive psychological changes caused by the individual as a result of coping with challenging situations. In this stu...

Objective: Poor health behaviors and indices are recently reported in Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) lifestyle which might be relevant to the pathophysiology of this disorder. The objective of this case-control study was to assess the nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric indices in ADHD children compared to normal...

Background: Poor health behaviors and indices are recently reported in Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) lifestyle which might be relevant to the pathophysiology of this disorder. The objective of this case-control study was to assess the nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric indices in ADHD children compared to normal...

Given the prominent role of principals in achieving the goals of organizations, particularly school principals, paying attention to their performance and evaluating their performance be of paramount importance. Therefore, this study was carried out to provide a conceptual model for evaluating the performance of school principals. The research metho...

In multichannel EEG, several electrodes are attached to the head that may be annoying for patients and troublesome for operators. Moreover, the number of electrodes is the main reason of the infeasibility of developing EEG based wearable and point of care devices. To address this problem, recently, the concept of single-channel EEG (SCEEG) is prese...

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of health literacy group therapy on the improvement of glycosylated hemoglobin and self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The current research was a quasi- experimental of pretest- posttest and control group design. The statistical population of...

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation tool appropriate to modulate cortical oscillations and activity via the application of weak currents. The major goal of this study was to investigate the effects of medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC) stimulation on sustained attention task performance measured by Ra...

Background: Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018, but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not avail...

Background: Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018, but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not avail...

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a key structure in the dorsal attention network (DAN) that facilitates sustained attention by modulating the activity in task related and unrelated regions of the brain. Alpha and theta frequency bands enhance connectivity of different parts of the attention network and these connections are facilitated by...

In recent years many studies have been done in the field of the ability of mentalization and parental reflective function and its role in the development of different kinds of psychological disorders. The ability of mentalization shows parents’ understanding of their child’s mental state which will ultimately lead to the acquiring of this ability b...

Objective. Analysis of functional and structural brain networks has suggested that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a disruption in brain networks. This paper aims to investigate the abnormalities of brain networks in MDD. Approach. To this aim, we constructed weighted directed functional networks based on electroencephalography (...

Background: Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising, but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not available so far. Methods: In a retrospective study, we invest...

Background: Application of the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not available so far. Methods: In a retrospective study, we inv...

Background: The premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common psychosomatic disorders requires an instrument that is sensitive to accurate diagnosis, severity and evaluation after treatment. the premenstrual tension syndrome (Steiner and et al, 2011) scale that is updated base on diagnostic and statistical manual criteria (DSM-IV) have these feat...

Background: Application of the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response would help to increase clinical efficacy but is not available so far. Methods: In a retrospective study, we i...

Background: Application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been promising and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2018, but effects differ between patients. Knowledge about clinical predictors of rTMS response may help to increase clinical efficacy but is not avail...

Objective: Processing of positive emotions in depressed individuals is different from healthy ones but its physiological correlates especially during different levels of consciousness is not yet well-understood. This study investigated physiological correlates of emotional processing of positive emotions during hypnosis and consciousness in depress...

Background: Prediction of therapeutic outcome of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment is an important purpose that eliminates financial and psychological consequences of applying inefficient therapy. To achieve this goal we proposed a method based on machine learning to classify responders (R) and non- responders (NR) to r...

Objective. The generalization and robustness of an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based system are crucial requirements in actual practices. Approach. To reach these goals, we propose a new EEG representation that provides a more realistic view of brain functionality by applying multi-instance (MI) framework to consider the non-stationarity of the EEG...

Background & Aims: Verbal memory refers to the memory of words and other abstractions related to language. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus type 1 on verbal memory considering the moderation role of rumination in adolescents. Materials & Methods: Using a suitable sampling method, 40 adolescents with diabete...

The generalization and robustness of an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based system are crucial requirements in actual practices. To reach these goals, we propose a new EEG representation that provides a more realistic view of brain functionality by applying multi-instance (MI) framework to consider the non-stationarity of the EEG signal. In this repre...

According to the recent studies, addiction is known as a dark side of emotions. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between emotion and addiction. This overall goal is divided into three objectives: Study of the role of emotional regulation processes and their impact on the types of addiction, study of the role of expressi...

Objectives:To evaluate the changes of alpha asymmetry index (AI) in different brain regions after rTMS and to compare the amounts of change between responders and non-responders. Background and Aims: AI particularly in alpha band has been reported to correlate with depression. The present study aims to evaluate the changes of alpha AIs in differe...

Introduction: Bipolar patients have abnormalities in cognitive functions and emotional processing. Two resting state networks (RSNs), the default mode network (DMN) and the sensorimotor network (SMN), play a decisive role in these two functions. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is one of the main areas in the central executive network (CEN),...

Introduction: Quantitative assessments of the effects induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are crucial to develop more efficient and personalized treatments. Objectives: To determine the spectral powers of different subbands of EEG correlated with treatment response to rTMS. Methods: In an open label study 10 patients with...

Background and Aim: Modelling the human brain as a network to study brain functions and disorders attract many researchers. From the brain network theory point of view, brain functions are the result of the connection of different brain regions and changes in the topology of these brain networks are closely relevant to cognitive status and brain di...

Background and Aim : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurocognitive disorder in which a person cannot focus and sustain his/her attention on a task, easily distracted, or may have impulsive and hyperactive behaviors. ADHD symptoms start from childhood and usually continue into adulthood. The reasons behind these symptoms are no...

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) considered Mental Health Continuum (MHC) as a good instrument for well-being studies. Moreover, gensini Score (GS) is an intensity index for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The aim of our study was to compare GSs among patients who had coronary artery disese with different well-being states. Methods: This...

Objective Previous studies investigated predictors of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) response in depressive disorders but there is still limited knowledge about clinical predictors. Moreover, predictors of rTMS response in bipolar depression (BDD) are less studied than unipolar depression (UDD). Methods We performed a binary...

Purpose: There are some studies which showed neurofeedback therapy (NFT) can be effective in clients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) history. However, randomized controlled clinical trials are still needed for evaluation of this treatment as a standard option. This preliminary study was aimed to evaluate the effect of NFT on continuous attention...

ELIMINATING STROOP EFFECTS WITH POST-HYPNOTIC INSTRUCTIONS: BRAIN MECHANISMS INFERRED FROM EEG OSCILLATION

Background: Previous studies showed that MD is associated with a variety of cognitive deficits and executive dysfunctions which can persist even in remitted states. However, the role of cognitive impairments in MD psychopathology and treatment is not fully understood. This article aims to discuss how executive functions central components (e.g., W...

The classic Stroop task demonstrates the persistent and automatic effects of the meaning of color words that are very hard to inhibit when the task is to name the word color. Post-hypnotic instructions may enable highly-hypnotizable participants to inhibit the automatic access to word meaning. Here we compared the consequences of hypnosis alone and...