Reza M Robati

• MD
• Professor at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

To examine the trends in melanoma prevalence among U.S. adults from 1999 to 2018, considering the role of skin reaction to sun exposure, body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning ten continuous 2-year cycles from 1999–2000 to 2...

Finding a treatment approach with high efficacy and minimal adverse reactions for advanced melanoma is still challenging. This study aimed to review and summarize available evidence regarding the effectiveness of the newly FDA-approved combination therapy of Relatmlimab and Nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma and its comorbidities. We sear...

Background: Alcohol is a risk factor for liver diseases. There is a correlation between alcohol consumption and fatty liver disease. Experiences have shown gene expression alteration in the liver following alcohol consumption. Since the molecular mechanism of connection between alcohol consumption and fatty liver disease needs a clear perspective,...

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease manifested by altered proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes with dysfunctional apoptosis. This study aimed to identify regulatory factors and comprehend the underlying mechanisms of inefficient apoptosis to open up promising therapeutic approaches. Incorporating human protein interaction...

Introduction: The retina is a light-sensitive tissue, and intensive light exposure leads to light-induced retinal damage. It is pointed out that photoreceptor damage is responsible for the decrease in retina function. The aim of this study was to detect the main genes and biological terms which are involved in retinal response to intensive light ex...

Introduction: Knockdown of CHSY1 in ovarian cancer holds promise for monitoring tumorigenesis and the application of targeted therapies. Method: A comparison was made between microarray datasets of ovarian cancer with and without CHSY1 knockdown to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the DEGs were analyzed using Cytoscape...

Background Macular amyloidosis is a form of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis presented by pruritic pigmented macules in rippled or reticulate pattern. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of using topical tranexamic acid with micro‐needling comparing to micro‐needling alone in patients with macular amyloidosis. Materials and Met...

Introduction: Intensity is one of the important parameters of laser radiation in photodynamic therapy. Effective treatment requires the selection of a suitable power of laser. This study aimed to evaluate laser effectiveness in photodynamic therapy via high and low intensity by the analysis of the gene expression profiles of the treated cells. Meth...

Introduction: Psoriasis is a common autoimmune skin disease associated with genetically influenced chronic inflammation accompanied by remitting and deteriorating scaly skin. T-cell targeted biologics, IL-17 inhibitors, IL-12/IL-23 inhibitors, TNF-α inhibitors, PDE4 inhibitors, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation are applied to treat psoriasis. Efficacy...

Key Clinical Message This study highlights the first documented cases of angiokeratoma of Fordyce following laser hair removal (LHR) emphasizing the importance of patient selection and careful laser use. It underscores the importance of understanding LHR‐associated risks, particularly for patients with darker skin. The efficacy of topical rapamycin...

This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding skin cancer among dermatology clinic patients, medical students, and general practitioners (GPs) in Tehran, Iran. The researchers collected data using a validated questionnaire administered online, measuring KAP on scales of 0–31, 0–16, and 0–28, respectively...

Background Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering disorders that have been associated with dementia in previous studies. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be the first stage of progression into dementia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of MCI in pemphigus patients compared to a control group. Methods This...

Background. Cutaneous warts are caused by the human papillomavirus that can affect a patient’s quality of life. Current treatments have high cost, low efficacy, adverse effects, and recurrence. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAMs) are gaining popularity as a therapeutic approach. Phoenix...

Context: Methanol is one of the simplest organic compounds widely used in industry. It is highly toxic and unfit for human consumption. The abuse of methanol-containing beverages is becoming a severe health problem. This review discusses new clinical and pathological manifestations alongside proteomic and genomic changes based on methanol's toxic e...

Background Due to the rapid launch and development of vaccines (the most ideal protocol for countering COVID-19), monitoring of post-vaccination side effects is essential. This study aimed to assess symptoms and side effects of three types of COVID-19 vaccines (Sputnik, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm) and the details of their relationship with demograp...

Compounds found in algae, such as bioactive substances, sulfated polysaccharides, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, have been found to have positive effects on the immune system. Previous research has shown that algae can also benefit digestive system disorders. They possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and can influence the balance...

Background: Methanol is a toxic alcohol for the human body. The molecular biology of methanol metabolites affecting different organs, such as the brain, is under investigation. This systematic review aimed to consider methanol toxic molecular biology, based on the original articles obtained from data banks to figure out recent achievements. Methods...

Background: Okadaic acid (OA) is a toxin of polluted shellfish. Consuming the contaminated shellfish is accompanied by diarrhea and paralytic and amnesic disorders. There is a correlation between diarrhea and the consumed OA. Determining the critical targeted genes by OA was the aim of this study. Methods: The transcriptomic data about the effect o...

Abstract Recent studies show that complex mechanisms are involved in arsenic-induced malignant transformation of cells. This study aimed to decipher molecular mechanisms associated with arsenic-induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and suggest potential protective factors. RNA-seq-based differentially expressed genes between arsenic-exp...

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. This study aimed to predict survival outcomes of CRC patients using machine learning (ML) methods. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis included 1853 CRC patients admitted to three prominent tertiary hospitals in Iran from October 2006 to...

Urticaria is a frequent and difficult-to-treat skin condition, described as temporary erythematous, raised, and itchy skin lesions (wheals) brought on by dilated blood vessels, elevated local blood flow, and increased vascular permeability. It can occur alone or in conjunction with angioedema. Urticaria can be diagnosed and treated in fields other...

Introduction: Hyperhidrosis (HH) refers to uncontrollable excessive sweating that has a significant negative impact on the quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the long-pulsed, 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser and aluminum chloride (ALCL3 ) 20% solution in axillary HH treatment. Methods: In this single-center, within...

BACKGROUND Triamcinolone acetate injections are considered the first treatment option for keloids, but quite high proportions of keloids either do not respond to triamcinolone or develop recurrence. Beneficial effects of intralesional bleomycin have been recently shown in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. However, the efficacy of com...

Background: Botulinum toxin has been widely and mainly used for the treatment of conditions affecting the upper and middle face; however, recent efforts have expanded the indications of botulinum toxin injection to the lower face and neck areas for cosmetic and medical purposes. Aims: We have reviewed the latest updates on using botulinum toxin...

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method based on application of a photo sensitive agent and administration of light irradiation on the treated samples. PDT is applied as an effective tool with minimal side effect against tumor tissues. Aim of this study is assessment of critical genes targets by PDT in the cellular level of cancer to p...

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method based on the application of a photosensitive agent and the administration of light irradiation on the treated samples. PDT is applied as an effective tool with minimal side effects against tumor tissues. This study aimed to assess the targets of critical genes by PDT at the cellular level of canc...

The optimal therapy for deep wounds is based on the early debridement of necrotic tissue followed by wound coverage to avoid a systemic inflammatory response and optimize scar-free healing. The outcomes are affected by available resources and underlying patient factors, which cause challenges in wound care and suboptimal outcomes. Here we report a...

Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes. Immunosuppressive drugs such as rituximab have been used as treatment of this possibly fatal disease. Rituximab infusion is associated with multiple complications such as cardiac side effects. Global strain measurement (GLS) has emerged as an important index...

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive approach in medicine. Due to its noninvasive nature and low side effects, PDT has been developed quickly. In the present study, the gene expression profiles of the human cell line that was treated via PDT in the sub-lethal concentration (LC50) and super-lethal concentration (LC90) of a photo...

Background Psoriasis as a common cutaneous inflammatory disease affect many aspects of patients' life. Disease registries render it possible to collect valuable data regarding a disease prevalence and burden as well as long‐term observations concerning possible therapeutic regimens. Methods This registry was designed for the ongoing systematic dat...

Introduction: Many people suffer from skin photodamage, especially photoaging. The application of a laser to repair damages is a common therapeutic method that is used widely. In the present study, the effectiveness and molecular mechanism of an Er: Glass non-ablative fractional laser on the human skin was assessed via bioinformatics and network an...

Background Many elder people have knee osteoarthritis (OA). The patients are faced with pain and disability in movement. Given the challenging lifestyle of the patients, finding an efficient therapy approach is necessary. Since low-level laser therapy applies to the treatment of many diseases, it seems it can be a suitable option for the treatment...

Aim Due to weak diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), detection of PDAC possible biomarkers in early stage is the main aim of this study. Background PDAC is known as an exocrine cancer with a 5-year overall survival of 11%. Methods Gene expression profiles of early stage of PDAC tissue and normal tissue are downloade...

Introduction: The time-dependent effects of laser radiation have been investigated by researchers. An understanding of the molecular mechanism of the time course effect of the laser needs molecular assessment and function evaluation of the related genes. In the present study, the importance of repetition of treatment after 4 weeks and gene expressi...

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is applied as an efficient method for preventing the progress of cancers. Light and a photosensitive compound which is known as photosensitizer (PS) are the main parts of PDT. In the present study, molecular events after using PDT in the presence of a super lethal dose of a PS were assessed via protein-prote...

Cutis laxa (CL) is a connective tissue disease that is either inherited or acquired. It is characterized by redundant, pendulous, and inelastic skin. Loss of elasticity is a pathological feature of some degenerative and inflammatory diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) can cleave elastin fibers by damaging the microfibrils and the elastin cor...

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune and inflammatory hair follicle disorder. Environmental and inherited factors may both contribute to this condition. Numerous studies have indicated that metformin has antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The medication can potentially reduce inflammation as it can inhibit some inflammatory pathways...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently been the subject of extensive research in both academia and commercial sectors because of their rapid, broad-spectrum microbicidal activity and a low likelihood of establishing drug resistance. Herein, we attempt to shed some light on anticandidal activity and mechanism of action of previously designed ca...

Introduction: Effective communication is an important issue in patient-doctor interaction which is even more important regarding chronic disorders which need a strong relationship between patient and clinician for better compliance and optimal control disease. Objectives: This study was aimed to develop the best cultural adapted Persian version...

Background: Evidence suggests that bullous pemphigoid (BP) is associated with multiple neurological disorders. We aimed to compare brain magnetic resonance (MRI) findings between BP patients and a control group. Methods: This case-control study included patients with BP referred to two dermatology clinics during a two-year period. A group of ind...

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Despite being endemic in Central and West Africa, the disease has received relatively little research attention until recent times. As the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to affect the world, the rising number of monkey...

Introduction: Despite the considerably high prevalence of cutaneous warts, no optimally effective and safe treatment is available. Leaves of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.; Arecaceae) have long been used in Iran's folk medicine as a remedy for warts. Methods: To assess the state-of-the-art evidence on using P. dactylifera L. for warts, we con...

About frequency of depression in isotretinoin user

Pemphigus vulgaris is a potential life-threatening autoimmune bullous disorder. The significant role of autoreactive B cells in the pathogenesis of PV has been explained extensively by producing autoantibodies. Recently, attention has been directed toward the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of PV; in other words, the underlying etiology of PV d...

Background: Facial pores, visible topographic change of skin representing enlarged openings of pilosebaceous follicles, are common aesthetic concern. Aim: To examine the efficacy of polycaprolactone (PCL) filler on enlarged facial pores and skin texture improvement. Patients and methods: A total of seven participants with enlarged facial pores...

Background: Senile lentigines (SLs) are hyperpigmented macules that predominantly affect the elderly. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of hydrogen peroxide35% solution with cryotherapy in the treatment of SLs. Patients and methods: This clinical trial included 33 patients with SLs referred to our center. Lesions of each side of the bo...

Background Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common benign skin epidermal lesion. Different treatment modalities have been proposed for this lesion. Aim To compare the efficacy and safety of electrodesiccation, cryotherapy, CO2 laser, and Er:YAG laser in the treatment of SK. Methods The study was carried out on 30 patients each with four similar fac...

Background Spironolactone is an effective treatment for female patients with acne vulgaris. However, topical spironolactone could be a valuable treatment option in both male and female acne patients due to the less possibility of systemic side effects with its topical formulation. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5% spironolactone...

Plexiform schwannoma is an uncommon soft tissue tumor that could even rarely presented on the foot and toes. Plexiform schwannoma is an uncommon soft tissue tumor that could even rarely presented on the foot and toes.

Plexiform schwannoma mainly presented as an asymptomatic nodule located on the head, neck, or upper extremities. The presentation of this tumor on the dorsum of the foot is very rare. Herein, we report a rare case of pretty large plexiform schwannoma on the toe of a male patient.

Metabolic syndrome (MeTS) is a well-known health-related problem with several end-organ damages and the resulted side effects such as rising in the blood glucose and lipid and blood pressure. Although MeTS might show several skin symptoms such as acanthosis nigricans, skin tags, acne, and androgenic alopecia, it could also be implicated in the path...

As the largest organ in the body, human skin is constantly exposed to harmful compounds existing in the surrounding environment as the first‐line barrier. Studies have indicated that exposure to high concentrations of many environmental factors, such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, outdoor air pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (...

Background: Hand hygiene is one of the most crucial measures against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19); however, frequent handwashing may lead to contact dermatitis causing many problems. Objectives: To assess hand eczema prevalence and associated risk factors among healthcare-workers (HCWs) compared with non-HCWs during COVID-19 pandemic. Metho...

Over the past years, short anti-microbial peptides have drawn growing attention in the research and trade literature because they are usually capable of killing a broad spectrum of pathogens by employing unique mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-bacterial effects of a previously designed peptide named PVP towards the clinic...

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a noninfectious granulomatous skin disorder that can present with various clinical features. It is characterized by collagen degeneration, mucin deposition, and palisaded or interstitial histiocytes. Although the pathogenesis of GA is not fully known, studies point to a cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to an as-yet...

Lepromatous leprosy is associated with a high bacillary load and poor cellular immune response. Early dermatologic manifestations include erythematous macules, papules, nodules, and plaques with a symmetrical distribution. Leprosy also shows two major reaction states including type I (reversal reaction) and type II (vasculitis). These reactions are...

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of microneedling and fractional CO2 laser in combination with tranexamic acid (TA) in the treatment of infra-orbital hyperpigmentation. Patients and methods: This split-face clinical trial performed on 30 volunteers. The patients were randomly assigned to treat with fractional CO2 laser and microneed...

Necrobiosis lipoidica‐like lesions, in known cases of sarcoidosis, can be considered as a member of the broad spectrum of histologic changes in sarcoidosis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been shown that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein shares a high similarity with SARS-CoV spike protein with a strong binding affinity to human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Skin tissue may...

Background Microneedling and fractional lasers have been used in facial rejuvenation with acceptable results and low adverse effects. Aims To compare the efficacy of microneedling with fractional Er:YAG in facial skin rejuvenation. Patients/Methods This study was planned as a split‐face clinical trial. Volunteers were randomly allocated to receiv...

First presentation of the Kaposi sarcoma (KS) on the penis is not prevalent, and it was reported in 2%‐3% of the cases that mostly occurred in the HIV‐positive patients. Here, we report a case of primary KS on the glans penis in an HIV‐negative patient. First presentation of the Kaposi sarcoma (KS) on the penis is not prevalent, and it was reported...

The novel coronavirus is rapidly spreading around the world. Since the public announcement of the COVID-19 outbreak, several concerns have been raised by dermatologists as well as pemphigus patients who take im-munosuppressive drugs. In this paper, we review the literature about the common treatment of pemphigus with a focus on the lessons from sim...

Background: Subcision, also known as subcutaneous incisionless surgery, is a surgical intervention used to treat a variety of skin conditions including atrophic acne scars, depressed scars, cellulite, and wrinkles. Aims: We plan to prepare a review article about the indications of subcision, its adverse reactions, and pearls. Patients/methods:...

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris which is an autoimmune dermatological disorder characterized by vesiculobullous lesions over the skin and mucosae may also give rise to cardiac disease. Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) measurement may help to predict cardiac dysfunction in these patients. Method: In this prospective study, the global longitudinal str...

Background: Many international guidelines have been introduced with the aim of helping clinicians by providing evidence-based advice for the prescription of biologic therapies in psoriasis. Because no local or regional guideline is available, the treatment of psoriasis with biologics is mainly based on clinical experiences regarding the internatio...

Alopecia areata (AA) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease that targets the bulb of the hair follicles and results in non-scarring hair loss that can range from patchy lesions to involvement of the entire scalp. AA develops when the hair follicles lose their physiologic state of immune privilege. One of the key factors that help in maintaining th...

Introduction: Steroid pulse therapy has shown satisfactory efficacy and safety in treating pemphigus vulgaris. However, there is a paucity of data about the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone, despite its frequent administration. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of steroid pulse therapy in treating pemphigus vulgaris. Mater...

Introduction: Migraine is a severe kind of headache with the chance hereditary of 50%. Molecular studies can promote understanding of migraine pathophysiology. One of which is bioinformatics approach that could provide additional information related to the identified biomarkers. Methods: In this research, migraine genes are studies in terms of int...

The increasing body of evidence for the relationship between the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism and autoimmune disorders combined with the enhanced expression of this angiogenic factor in vitiligo makes VEGF a very interesting candidate gene to be investigated in vitiligo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible a...

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is pregnancy-related diabetes with vital risks for both mother and the fetus. Molecular studies represent one of the popular approaches for investigating mechanisms associated with the disease nature. One of which is through interaction network analysis via Cytoscape V. 3.6.1. Methods: In this stud...

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss with a polymorphous presentation ranging from patchy lesions to involvement of the entire scalp. The disease is the consequence of an autoimmune attack on hair bulbs that results in a premature transition of hair follicles to catagen and telogen. Thus the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway t...

The risk of herpes zoster (HZ) increases with age and declining immune function. Increased oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions may cause negative impact on the immune responses. The present study aimed to assess the levels of oxidative/inflammatory stress biomarkers in HZ patients compared with the controls. This case‐control study include...

Fractional lasers such erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) are among popular options for facial rejuvenation. Lasers with infrared wavelength ranges such as long pulse Nd:YAG have been used in nonablative rejuvenation of skin with variable outcomes. In this study, we plan to compare safety and efficacy of fractional Er:YAG and long pulse Nd:YAG for facial rejuvena...

Background: Lichen planus is an idiopathic and chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and the mucous membranes, and has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been regarded as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Increased plasma fibrinogen levels are also a...

The weaker expression of the two main proteins adhering melanocytes to the epidermis basal layer, Epithelial Cadherin (E-cadherin) and Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine kinase 1 (DDR1), has been implicated as one of the aggravating factors in the loss of melanocytes in vitiligo. The present study was designed to assess the association between sing...

IgG3 is the IgG subclass with the strongest effector functions among all four IgG subclasses and the highest degree of allelic variability among all constant immunoglobulin genes. Due to its genetic position, IgG3 is often the first isotype an antibody switches to before IgG1 or IgG4. Compared with the other IgG subclasses, it has a reduced half-li...