Reza Maknoon

Amirkabir University of Technology | TUS · Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

In this study, a new hybrid bench-scale electrocoagulation-sand filtration (FECF) reactor was developed for purifying nitrate-contaminated samples. Before and after electrochemical treatment, two sand filters were included in this continuous system to facilitate the purification procedure, and the contaminated water flows horizontally through the e...

Various derivatives of Hermia models (complete pore blocking, intermediate pore blocking, cake layer formation, and standard pore blocking) and different assessments of foulant characteristics have long been used to determine the membrane fouling mechanisms. Accordingly, this study aims to adapt Hermia models and their combination according to the...

Biomass is the only source of renewable energy that can be converted into liquid, solid and gas fuels in several ways. In order to produce materials with high added value from biomass, it is necessary to design equipment and use different processes, among which we can mention the pyrolysis process. Designing equipment related to this process requir...

With the increasing amount of agricultural waste in the world, as well as their disadvantages and environmental problems, it has attracted more attention in the international community. Therefore, suitable methods for agricultural waste management should be used. In addition, biomass, as one of the largest sustainable energy sources in the world, h...

In recent years, the amount of agricultural waste in the world is increasing rapidly and it has many disadvantages. Therefore, appropriate methods should be used to reduce and use agricultural waste. Agricultural waste is one of the main sources of renewable energy available, especially in countries with agricultural industries. The presence of org...

The brain drain crisis is among the most challenging issues of many developing countries, attributed to the compounding effects of multiple factors. As communities and their challenges become more complex, new sets of mixed research tools that critically investigate these issues as whole systems rather than isolated parts are crucial for future dec...

Objective: COVID-19 is a new viral infection that is usually accompanied by respiratory complications. Air pollution has been linked to cardiorespiratory-related diseases and even premature mortality. The short-term exposure to air pollution may aggravate pulmonary symptoms in COVID-19 patients. The relationship between the short-term exposure to a...

Objective Ground-level ozone (O3) is an air contaminant and can be harmful to the human health and environment. The objective of this study is to analyze the statistical trend of O3 and the association between the daily O3 exposure and mortality in Tehran, and to estimate the short-term health benefits of reducing the concentration of O3 in the amb...

In this study, a series of laboratory tests were performed to investigate the interaction between crude oil, clay minerals, and sand particles in contaminated soils and the effect of crude oil on the engineering properties of sand-kaolinite mixtures with different weight ratios of clay to sand was evaluated. Mixtures with a weight ratio of 10%, 30%...

Air pollution is one such form that refers to gas emission, regardless of indoor or outdoor air pollution.Pollution may be considered a biological, physical, or chemical change of the air. It occurs when dust, toxic substances, and smoke enter the environment and make it difficult to survive as the air becomes contaminated for humans, plants, and a...

In this research work, following the efforts for providing fresh water for humans, a novel nanocomposite membrane was prepared. In this regard, potassium cation was added to co-polymerized graphene oxide (GO) to tune the interlayer spacing of the GO nanosheets. The prepared membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, contact angle measuremen...

Generally, Fly ashes (FAs) in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (MSWI) are classified as hazardous waste and commonly managed in a mixed way even though distinct FA in incineration flows have different characteristics. Thus, it can cause improper management of fly ashes and an increase in cost as well as the volume of residual ashes sent to the haz...

Introduction Air pollution is a global phenomenon which invariably leads to a serious environmental and health related sequalae. “Black carbon” (BC), a subset of fine particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), is a fossil fuel emission by-product and has more recently been recognized as a major health hazard. The objective of this study is to statisticall...

Optimal design of structures against earthquake loads is often limited to reduce initial construction costs, while the cost induced to structures during their useful life may be several times greater than the initial costs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the indirect costs due to earthquakes in the design process. In this research, an integ...

Fire is the most prevalent accident in natural gas facilities. In order to assess the risk of fire in a gas processing plant, a fault tree analysis (FTA) and event tree analysis (ETA) has been developed in this paper. By utilizing FTA and ETA, the paths leading to an outcome event would be visually demonstrated. The framework was applied to a case...

One of the prescriptions of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is to organise water resources management on a watershed or basin scale, which usually involves the establishment of special-purpose organisations. This paper contributes to the discussion on the functioning of these organisations and, more specifically, on the relationship be...

In this research work, following the efforts for providing fresh water for humans, a novel nanocomposite membrane was prepared. In this regard, potassium cation was added to co-polymerized graphene oxide (GO) to tune the interlayer spacing of the GO nanosheets. The prepared membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, contact angle measuremen...

The Urmia Lake shrinkage is the most noticeable symbol of the water and water management crisis in Iran. In order to cope with this crisis at the highest national level with the membership of all governmental actors, the Urmia Lake Restoration National Committee (ULRNC) has been formed and they have ratified a roadmap for the Lake restoration. The...

Freshwater is indeed the main need of humans which can be prepared from saline water sources. Herein, in order to prepare an optimized nanocomposite membrane, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were cross-linked by N-isopropylacryl amide (NIPAM) and N,N-methylenebis (acrylamide) monomers in the presence of ammonium persulfate. In following, the cross-l...

The management of petrochemical incinerator bottom ash (PI-BA) is a matter of considerable environmental concern. In this study, Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) of PI-BA is carried out using cement, silica fume and nano-SiO2. PI-BA replaces as fine aggregate at different wt% concentrations including 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 in cement-mortars. Also,...

This study dealt with a sand-bentonite mixture that was exposed to different concentrations of diesel and lead (II) simultaneously in order to address the effects of these contaminants on some of the physical and mechanical variations in the sand-bentonite mixture. To accomplish the stated objectives, an extensive series of tests including compacti...

Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have been established to stabilize the amount of GHGs in the atmosphere. In this regard, Kyoto Protocol (KP)has been ratified to facilitate the implementation of the UNFCCC. This paper aimed to evaluate Iran's energy policy adaptation with UNFCCC and KP goals. Methods: We used a statistical an...

The aim of this paper is developing scenarios for the future of the Iran's energy sector and examine the robustness of the management strategies of the country in this sector. We use Delphi, Political-Economical-Social-Technological (PEST) analysis, and Cross-Impact analysis methods to identify the critical parameters of the energy sector in Irania...

چکیده: یکی از دلایل ناکامی در مسیر توسعه، نداشتن الگوی ملی و بومی برای حکمرانی متناسب با ارزش‌های اجتماعی و سازگار با شرایط فرهنگی و تاریخی ایران است. این مقاله با روش فراتحلیل به بررسی پژوهش¬های حوزۀ حکمرانی پرداخته و صورت‎بندی منظمی از آنها ارائه می¬دهد. 68 مقاله و گزارش در زمینۀ حکمرانی با جست‎وجو در چهار پایگاه دادۀ علمی کشور در بازۀ زمانی سال...

In this study, the advantages and limitations, given the rules and regulations in Iran, of implementing an integrated water resources management (IWRM) approach are analyzed. As IWRM does not exist at the level of basin in Iran, it is suggested that the legal framework for the establishment of IWRM eventually be initiated with consideration given t...

Membrane fouling in sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) was studied with respect to batch filtration mode at the two hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 16 h (SBMBR1) and 48 h (SBMBR2). Investigating the characteristics of batch filtration phases illustrated different TMP (Transmembrane Pressure) changing trends at the two HRTs. In SBMBR1,...

The Urmia Lake is one of the largest and most important natural ecosystems in Iran. Rising temperature, high variations in precipitation, and the frequent droughts have been caused high fluctuations in the lake's water level. In this research, the monthly change of the Urmia Lake water level due to climate change was simulated by the Adaptive Neuro...

Huge population and prompt speed of economic growth of developing countries make their energy supply and consumption needs specially challenging. This can be an obstacle to future development. As well as the release of gas such as CO2, energy use, waste discharges and disposal, site contamination, effects on biodiversity and solid-liquid toxic comp...

Energy industries face major future challenges related to environment, security, and economics. Here we present a scenario-building framework based on the Global Business Network (GBN)method to help energy industries to develop more resilient conservation policies when faced with unpredictable and external uncertainties. The approach combines sever...

The present research deals with the topic of music in creative society, analyses various intersections between music and game. The research is focused on the relevant topic of mutual relations between music and leadership. Both, possibilities and advantages of music, as well as its dangers, when used for the purposes of manipulation, attract intere...

Measurement of performance is rooted in quality measurement subject which has been one of the challenging branches of the research in the recent years. Measurement of the performance of an organization in the field of health, safety and environment (HSE) is a prerequisite for continual improvement policy which is the spirit of the new HSE managemen...

Drilling industry, because of the particular conditions relating to its nature, is one of the high-risk and hazardous sectors of petroleum industry. Major and minor accidents in this industry cause losses of lives and result in financial and reputational losses. The first step to reduce accidents and losses in this industry is identification and as...

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Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) has been developing in different methods, perspectives and frameworks since introducing step. Futures Studies as a specialized framework and methodology has introduced newer and has been always in developing phase too. MADM as a part of Multiple Criteria Decision Making is known as multidisciplinary approac...

In recent years futures science has received a great deal of attention and has gained world-wide credibility in the science community as the science of tomorrows. The countless applications of futures studies in various fields have been a major breakthrough for mankind. Undoubtedly, decision making is one of the most significant aspects of shaping...

Landfilling is the most common method used for disposal of solid waste and selection of suitable landfill for municipal solid waste management is important part of urban planning. The aims of this paper are determining the constraints, criteria for landfill site selection according to present legislations in Iran, zoning potential of Shabestar city...

Decision making takes into account a myriad of factors about the future topics, which often prove challenging and quite complicated. Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) methods still have not become powerful enough to help decision makers to adopt the best solutions regarding future issues. Different scenarios are suitable for developing an a...

This paper aimed to study clean development mechanism (CDM) projects in Iran. Greenhouse gas mitigation strategies are generally considered costly with world leaders often engaging in debate concerning the costs of mitigation and the distribution of these costs between different countries. CDM projects are useful tools to reduce these costs. Kyoto...

In recent years, different countries and communities started to rely on future studies for planning and management programming. With the emergence of diverse technologies each day, the importance of future studies has become clearer than ever before. Technology foresight is an integral part of decision and policy making at the top level of governan...

As achievements of the completed United Nations Decade (2005-2014) of Education for Sustainable Development are contemplated globally, along with potential steps forward for the future, Member States have urged that this decade continue after 2014 through “The Future We Want”; the outcome document of the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainabl...

Accurate prediction of electricity demand is essential for planning, policy making and resource allocation in national level. In this manuscript, we applied a number of artificial intelligence methods to predict macro-scale electricity consumption rates in Iran. To this end, three socio-economic and three environmental factors were considered as in...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of enhanced Fenton process (EFP) using zero-valent iron combined with ultrasonic irradiation for treatment of wastewater containing acid red 18 (AR18) by response surface methodology. According to the analysis of variance results, the model presents high R2-value of 98.2 and 98.3% for the...

The aim of this paper is to assess the adaptation of Iran’s energy policies to the Kyoto Protocol. In the past two decades, Iran has experienced a considerable increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; in 2013 it was the world’s ninth largest emitter. Although adapting to this protocol in Iran’s energy and climate policies seems vital and urgent,...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performance of combined biological/advanced oxidation process (AOP) system for treatment of wastewater containing high concentration (500 mg/L) of azo dye Acid Red 18 (AR18). Two alternating anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactors (SBR1 and SBR2 without and with external feeding at the beginning...

There are two different approaches in this study with different implications. The first approach and the main aim of this study is a methodological framework. There are different frameworks in solving game theory topics involving at least two Nash Equilibriums. This study presents a new framework for developing this part of game theory with MCDM fr...

This paper aims to study the progress of research on Sustainable Tourism and to outline and identify the key disciplines, journals, articles and authors. This is carried out through a wide, in-depth, and structured examination of published scholarly papers. In recent decades, sustainable tourism has been one of the most significant subjects among a...

Project Management knowledge has been used in many project oriented organizations in last two decades across the world. Despite, rate of project success did not change during these years. We believe there is a basic challenge in projects environment for managing them based on its inherent characteristics. In fact, project management knowledge use t...

The main aim of the present work was to study the overall performance and the fouling behavior of the integrated sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) treating synthetic dye-containing wastewater at different sludge retention times (SRTs) of 10, 40, and 160 days. For this reason, the removal efficiencies of color and chemical oxygen demand (...

The present work aimed to study the decolorization kinetics and characteristics of a selected azo dye under the influence of two key operational parameters including hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solid retention time (SRT). The decolorization efficiency and the two important criteria of k and normalized k (k/MLSS) were evaluated in lab-scale m...

Background and aims: Today, due to the increasing of urban population and hence land shortage, construction of tall buildings are rising.The potential risks of such projects arecomparatively more than the conventional construction as the construction industry is reliant on manpower. Therefore attention to the health and safety of persons engaged in...

The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the implications of sustainable development for the future orientation of higher education, especially after the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio + 20). A qualitative trend analysis is being used for this purpose, in the context of which three macro trends are combine...

Greenhouse gas mitigation strategies are generally considered costly with world leaders often engaging in the debate concerning the costs of mitigation and the distribution of these costs between different countries. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects are one of the useful tools to reduce these costs. This paper was aimed to study CDM proje...

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the residents public awareness from water-polluted areas in Tehran city, in terms of water quality (in particular nitrate pollution), and to measure their different performance and approaches to this environmental problem. For this purpose, district 18 (Yaft Abad, southwest of Tehran) was selected as a case...

Central area of Iran is located in a dry- semi dry district suffering from shortage of fresh water. The water shortage has been the most important factor threatening sustainable development in this region and the growing rate of population exacerbates this critical condition. Several inter-basin water transfer projects have been considered to overc...

The main objective of the current study is to investigate the impacts of environmental evolutions at global scale on Iran's environmental planning. Thereby, all political movements towards solving environmental issues in Iran were accurately reviewed to find out the impressibility of the events by the global environmental evolutions. The findings i...

Petrochemical industry is one of the key industries in oil producing countries. Due to the rapid development in petrochemical plants, waste management becomes important issue in M.B. Petrochemical Complex. An incinerator facility has started to work to burn the chemical and biological sludge since May 2009. The amount of generated bottom ash is abo...

Incineration followed by stabilization/solidification is identified as the demonstrated available treatment technology in the USA, according to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. In the present study, the (S/S) technology was applied on petrochemical incinerator bottom ash (PI-BA) using Portland cement (II-45) and two types of pozzolanic mater...

Nowadays, there is a growing emphasis on Inter-basin water transfer projects as costly activities with ambiguous effects on environment, society and economy. Since the concept of climate change was in its embryonic phase before 1990's, the majority of these projects planned before that period have not considered the effect of long term variation of...

The purpose of this study is to investigate bottom ash from a petrochemical waste incinerator in terms of its physical properties, chemical compositions and leaching behavior. Results showed that mean values for the Fineness Modulus (FM), for water absorption and for the saturated surface dry specific gravity (SSDSG) of bottom ash were 2.56, 12.82%...

Rainfall threshold (RT) method is one of the evolving flood forecasting approaches. When the cumulative rainfall depth for a given initial soil moisture condition intersects the threshold rainfall curve, the peak discharge is expected to be equal or greater than the threshold discharge for flooding at the target site. Besides the total rainfall dep...

Transportation sector is the major cause of air pollution in Iran and the share of this sector in urban air pollution in the cities of Iran especially Tehran is more than 80 %. Historical background of the air pollution problem in Iran returns to 1971. During these four decades, in order to reduce fuel consumption and emission reduction from mobile...

“Rainfall threshold” is considered as one of the evolving flood forecasting approaches. When the cumulative rainfall depth for a given initial soil moisture condition intersects the corresponding moisture curve, the peak discharge is expected to be equal or greater than the threshold discharge for flooding at the target site. Besides the total rain...

The widespread activities in water resources exploitation and use require sound research programs on planning and management of conjunctive use of surface and ground-water. Conjunctive management is a suitable approach for the imbalanced water resources distribution and related constraints in using surface water. In this paper, a multi-objective mo...