Reto Jörg Strasser

International University in Geneva

A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords: Plant resistance activator High temperature stress Physiological damage Photosynthesis Chlorophyll a fluorescence rise kinetics A B S T R A C T Increasing frequency of extreme summer high-temperature (HT) has become one of the most important limiting factors affecting tea production in China. 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic...

A Chlorophyll Fluorescence (ChlF) assessment was carried out on oak seedlings (Quercus ilex, Q. pubescens, Q. frainetto) of Italian and Greek provenance, during the years 2017 and 2018, in a common garden in central Italy planted in 2017. This trial aimed to test the relative performances of the oak species in the perspective of assisted migration...

In this study, the comparative effect of TeA, DCMU, bentazone, DBMIB and MV on prompt fluorescence and the MR820 signal was simultaneously analyzed to provide an insight into how to elucidate their precise influence on of Ageratina adenophora photosystems. The herbicides that interrupt electron transport beyond QA, such as TeA, DCMU and bentazone,...

A Chlorophyll Fluorescence (ChlF) assessment was carried out on oak seedlings (Quercus ilex, Q. pubescens, Q. frainetto) of Italian and Greek provenance, during the years 2017 and 2018, in a common garden in central Italy planted in 2017. This trial aimed to test the relative performances of the oak species in the perspective of assisted migration...

Plants adapt to the environmental stresses by using the signalling molecules, such as H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO). We have assessed the NO-induced changes by using sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) in photosynthetic components in protoplasts of pea (Pisum sativum) by measuring chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction kinetics. On exposure to...

Leaf-type ferredoxin-NADP(H) oxidoreductase, encoded by AtLFNR1 gene in Arabidopsis, extensively exists in chloroplast stroma and thylakoids and is responsible for the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH in PSI. To investigate the relationship between the characteristics of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients OJIP and the function of AtLFNR1 protein, the...

Gliotoxin (GT) is a fungal secondary metabolite that has attracted great interest due to its high biological activity since it was discovered by the 1930s. It exhibits a unique structure that contains a N-C = O group as the characteristics of the classical PSII inhibitor. However, GT’s phytotoxicity, herbicidal activity and primary action targets i...

Alamethicin (AMT) is a linear antimicrobial peptide isolated from fungi Trichoderma viride. To date, the mode of action of AMT in plant cells remains unknown. Our experimental results indicate that AMT causes leaf lesion attributed to its multiple effects on PSII. AMT decreases the O2 evolution rate of PSII. Based on chlorophyll fluorescence data,...

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on the photosynthetic electron transport chain using two chickpea lines (Cicer arietinum L.) differing in their salt stress tolerance at the germination stage (AKN 87 and AKN 290). Two weeks after sowing, seedlings were exposed to salt stress for 2 weeks and irrigated with...

The effects of four phytotoxins usnic acid (UA), salicylic acid (SA), cinnamic acid (CA) and benzoic acid (BA) on photosynthesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were studied in vivo to identify and localise their initial action sites on two photosystems. Our experimental evidence shows that the four phytotoxins have multiple targets in chloroplasts, w...

Simultaneous in vivo measurements of prompt fluorescence (PF), delayed fluorescence (DF) and modulated reflection (MR) at 820-nm were used to assess effect of short desiccation period (4.5 h) on Parmelina tiliacea lichen. The two performance indexes (PIABS and PItotal) as a measure of an overall photosynthetic thalli performance showed a negative e...

In this study, we evaluated the effect of osmotic stress on photosynthetic machinery of Arabidopsis plants expressing a gene encoding small basic intrinsic protein (SIP1) isolated from Solanum tuberosum. Intact leaves of SIP Arabidopsis plants were exposed to 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution and fast Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) fluorescence inducti...

We present new findings on leaf and stomatal apparatus anatomy and ecophysiology of Welwitschia mirabilis Hook.f. that are relevant to survival in the desert. We show that the structure of the stomatal apparatus with thin areas in the guard cell walls is a key feature enabling an opportunistic survival strategy through reversible quick switch-over...

Due to chilling sensitivity, minimum night temperatures represent the main constraint in soybean production in South Africa. In vivo quantification of photosystem II (PSII) function by direct chlorophyll fluorescence revealed that dark chilling (8°) inhibited PSII function in the extreme chill sensitive genotype, Java 29 (JAs) mainly by deactivatin...

Parmelina tiliacea lichens kept in the wet and dry state were stored in liquid nitrogen for 1 week and the subsequent recovery of their photosynthetic apparatus was followed. The chlorophyll a fluorescence rise and the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry φPo (FV/FM) were analysed for this purpose. Storage of wet thalli for 1 week in liq...

An assemblage of tree species with different crown properties creates heterogeneous environments at the canopy level. Changes of functional leaf traits are expected, especially those related to light interception and photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) properties in dark-adapted leaves, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content (N) an...

The effects of a short-term exposure (40 s) to 50 °C on the prompt fluorescence (PF), delayed fluorescence (DF) and 820 nm reflection (MR) signals in three different photosynthetic organisms: Pisum sativum (angiosperm plant), Ginkgo biloba (gymnosperm tree) and thalli of Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Ach (lichen) were investigated. The aim of this st...

The objective of this study was to differentiate the heat tolerance in ten varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) originating from Morocco. Five modern varieties and five landraces (local varieties) collected at five different geographical localities in the south of Morocco were investigated in the present study. After two weeks of growth, detach...

Croftonweed originated from Mexico is a worldwide notorious invasive weed. The objectives of this study were to screen heat tolerance in different croftonweed populations, determine the effect of heat stress on two photosystems and probe the mechanism of acquired heat tolerance. According to conventional tests of plant injury and fast chlorophyll f...

I do not know how this mail works. Why not indicate to ALL NAMES the e-mail address for communicating with CC to Research Gate. Reto J. STRASSER Prof Emeritus University of Geneva Switzerland Chair Prof at NAU, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China Prof Extraordinarius, North West University, Campus Potchefstroom, South Africa

Analyzing the changes that occur in the photosynthetic machinery of plants is one of the most informative approaches for evaluation of the plant physiological state, their stress reactions, productivity and the adaptive mechanisms that develop in order to protect the plant in a changing environment. An informative method for detection and analyzing...

Effects of acute O 3 stress on PSII and PSI photochemistry of sensitive and resistant snap bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), probed by Prompt Chlorophyll " a " fluorescence and 820 nm Modulated Reflectance Please cite this article as: E. Salvatori, L. Fusaro, R.J. Strasser, F. Bussotti, F. Manes, Effects of acute O 3 stress on PSII and PSI ph...

Brazil plans to construct many new hydroelectric dams in the Amazon region. The new conditions of flooding promoted by reservoirs can alter photosynthetic processes, and the study of physiological responses of trees can be used for selected suitable species to reforest these altered areas. The present study analyzed changes in pigment content and p...

Chlorophyll-a fluorescence analysis provides relevant information about the physiology of plants growing under abiotic stress. In this study, we evaluated the influence of cold stress on the photosynthetic machinery of transgenic turfgrass, Zoysia japonica, expressing oat phytochrome A (PhyA) or a hyperactive mutant phytochrome A (S599A) with post-...

Chlorophyll a fluorescence of flag leaves in a super-high-yielding hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) LYPJ, and a traditional hybrid rice SY63 cultivar with lower grain yield, which were grown in the field, were investigated from emergence through senescence of flag leaves. As the flag leaf matured, there was an increasing trend in photosynthetic parame...

Tenuazonic acid (TeA) isolated from the pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata is a potential photosyn system II (PSII) herbicide effective on many monocotyledonous dicotyledonous plants. Five plant species were selected to evaluate their sensitivity to TeA and to determine if differential binding to the target protein D1 in PSII is a tolerance mec...

Nine short-term independent studies were carried out with two M-PEA units on several plant species differing in their functional traits (woody evergreen, woody deciduous, herbaceous) and exposed to different kind of abiotic stress (drought, salt, ozone, UV radiation). Aim of the study is to check the consistency of plant responses, assessed through...

Tenuazonic acid (TeA), a phytotoxin produced by the fungus Alternaria alternata isolated from diseased croftonweed (Ageratina adenophora), exhibits a strong inhibition in photosystem II (PSII) activity. In vivo the chlorophyll fluorescence transients of the host plant croftonweed, show that the dominant effect of TeA is not on the primary photochem...

Due to chilling sensitivity, minimum night temperatures represent the main constraint in soybean production in South Africa. In vivo quantification of photosystem II (PSII) function by direct chlorophyll fluorescence revealed that dark chilling (8°) inhibited PSII function in the extreme chill sensitive genotype, Java 29 (JAs) mainly by deactivatin...

Investigations were carried to unravel mechanism(s) for higher tolerance of floating over submerged leaves of long leaf pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus Poir) against photoinhibition. Chloroplasts from floating leaves showed ~5- and ~6.4-fold higher Photosystem (PS) I (reduced dichlorophenol-indophenol → methyl viologen → O2) and PS II (H2O → parabenz...

Due to chilling sensitivity, minimum night temperatures represent the main constraint in soybean production in South Africa. In vivo quantification of photosystem II (PSII) function by direct chlorophyll fluorescence revealed that dark chilling (8°) inhibited PSII function in the extreme chill sensitive genotype, Java 29 (JAs) mainly by deactivatin...

oncerning the requested abstract: Corals and Foraminifers are ANIMALS, emitting red chlorophyll fluorescence when excited with visible light. This fluorescence however is emitted by the endoflagellates who are living in endosymbiosis with these animals. Therefore, exciting the animals with actinic light, the endoflagellates get excited and emit flu...

The pyridazinone SAS 13-338 (SAN 9785) inhibits the desaturation sequence leading to polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly of glycolipids. Parallel to the inhibition of fatty acid desaturation in the presence of the pyridazinone. changes in energy-distribution parameters have been observed. These data indicate that the amount of polyunsaturated fatty...

Modulated 685-nm chlorophyll fluorescence was measured under steady-state conditions in pea leaves ad apted to moderate actinic light. When the measurements were performed after a short exposure to heat (42°C) in darkness, the maximal (Fm) and steady-state (Fs) fluorescence levels were dram atically and irreversibly quenched whereas the basic fluor...

Cerulenin-induced modifications in the fatty acid composition have been used to investigate the influence of acyl lipids on excitation energy distribution in thylakoid membranes of Petunia hybrida by means of 77 K fluorescence spectroscopy. Although cerulenin has no effect on relative contents of chlorophyll and acyl lipids, changes in the fatty ac...

The pyridazinone BAS 13-338 (SAN 9785|) inhibits the desaturation sequence leading to polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly of glycolipids. Parallel to the inhibition of fatty acid desaturation in the presence of the pyridazinone, changes in energy-distribution parameters have been observed. These data indicate that the amount of polyunsaturated fatt...

Herbicides like norflurazon, oxadiazon, or oxyfluorfen affect the pigment apparatus of green algae. Their influence on variable (F maK - F 0 ) and initial fluorescence (F 0 ) as well as on the state of chlorophylls were investigated. Two main modes of action of these herbicides on the photo­synthetic apparatus during growth have been found: First:...

Two field exercises were carried out to compare chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements taken in the field by field teams working on the same project. In the first exercise (2007, Passo Pura, Ampezzo, Udine, Northern Italy) the operators took measurements on the same leaf areas (maintaining fixed leaf clips); in the second (2009, Monterotondo Marit...

Salinity is one of the major environmental stresses that affects the growth and productivity of plant by affecting photosynthesis and other metabolic process. Halophytes are capable of thriving and growing under high concentration of NaCl. However, soil salinity is among the leading environmental stresses affecting global agriculture, causing billi...

Though bract and capsule wall of boll in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have different photosynthetic capacities, the features of photosystem II (PS II) in these organs are scarce. In this paper, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission was measured to investigate the difference in the photosynthetic apparatus of dark-acclimated (JIP-test) and light-acc...

Several models have been proposed for the energetic behavior of the photosynthetic apparatus and a variety of experimental techniques are nowadays available to determine parameters that can quantify this behavior. The Energy Flux Theory (EFT) developed by Strasser 35 years ago provides a straightforward way to formulate any possible energetic commu...

Simultaneous in vivo measurements of prompt fluorescence (PF), delayed fluorescence (DF) and 820-nm reflection (MR) were made to probe response of pea leaves to 40 s incubation at high temperatures (25-50°C). We interpret our observation to suggest that heat treatment provokes an inhibition of electron donation by the oxygen evolving complex. DF, i...

Rising tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations have been identified as a significant threat to crop production. In the present study two snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes with known difference in sensitivity to O3 namely S156 (sensitive) and R123 (resistant) were compared with respect to their response to O3 using an Open-Top chambers to t...

The effect of the toxin vulculic acid produced by Nimbya alternantherae, on the photosynthetic apparatus of Alternanthera philoxeroides, was investigated via the photochemical activity and SDS-PAGE of protein on thylakoid membranes, fast chlorophyll a fluorescence transient measurements and the JIP-test. The electron transport rate of photosystem I...

Manganese stabilizing protein (MSP) is an important component of the Photosystem II (PSII) oxygen evolving complex. In our previous work, transgenic potato plants with reduced expression of MSP (MSP-As) were developed and their physiological and biochemical responses were studied. In this report, we address the response of MSP-As plants toward sali...

Thylakoid membranes transferred into a low water system composed of n-octane, the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and 1-hexanol as cosurfactant, displayed protein- and substrate-dependent ATPase activities for more than 60 min. This activity was enhanced 7–10-fold and 3–4-fold with 28%-vol. of methanol and 21%-vol of tert...

Piriformospora indica, a root endophyte with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-like characteristics and the added important advantage that it can grow axenically, has been proven to be a powerful new candidate symbiont for improving plant production and crop yield in sustainable agriculture, flori–horticulture and agroforestry. However, the success of a...

In a search for a powerful and easy-to-handle instrument for investigation of photosynthetic energy and electron transfer reactions, the mPEA (Hansatech Instrument Ltd., King’s Lynn, Norfolk, PE30 4NE, U.K.) was developed. The instrument can record simultaneously, in vivo, the photo-induced changes in prompt (PF) and delayed (DF) chlorophyll fluore...

True Mangrove trees of the costal habitats are now threaten of extinction because of climate change linked to global warming, sea level raise and fluctuating salinity. The key adaptation ability of the true tree mangroves having no salt secreting gland to survive in water logged high salt and anoxic condition seems to be shedding of lower leaves. T...

South Africa has an energy-intensive economy, resulting in substantial SO2 pollution. Well watered and drought stressed soybean (Glycine max) were exposed to SO2 in open-top chambers to study the physiology of SO2 injury by measuring in parallel: growth, biomass accumulation, photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, in vitro Rubisco...

Rising tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations have been identified as a significant threat to crop production. In the present study two snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes with known difference in sensitivity to O3 namely S156 (sensitive) and R123 (resistant) were compared with respect to their response to O3 using an Open-Top chambers to t...