Retno Wahyuningsih

Universitas Kristen Indonesia · Parasitology

Purpose: H. capsulatum is endemic in Indonesia, but the value of Histoplasma antigen detection has not been studied. Patients and methods: Histoplasma galactomannan (GM) ELISA was applied to sera of patients with unproven pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and patients with a positive Aspergillus GM. Both Histoplasma and Aspergillus GM tests were perfo...

The burden of invasive fungal infections associated with opportunistic fungal pathogens is a persistent challenge, particularly among people with advanced HIV disease. In October, 2022, WHO published the Fungal Priority Pathogens List (FPPL)—the first global effort to systematically prioritise fungal pathogens. Of the 19 pathogens in the WHO FPPL,...

Background Histoplasma capsulatum exposure is rarely suspected in Indonesia. Pulmonary histoplasmosis can occur simultaneously with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) or as an alternative diagnosis in clinically-diagnosed TB patients with no microbiological evidence of TB. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti- H . capsulatum IgG antibo...

Chronic pulmonary fungal infections may occur in patients with previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and are often clinically misclassified as TB, especially when bacteriological confirmation for Mycobacterium tuberculosis is absent. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of antibody against Histoplasma capsulatum and Aspergillus...

Candida krusei is a Candida non-albicans species with a high prevalence, which causes candidaemia. Current treatment guidelines include fluconazole as a primary therapeutic option for the treatment of these infections; however, it is only a fungistatic against Candida spp ., and both inherent and acquired resistance to fluconazole have been reporte...

Introduction Invasive fungal infections (IFI) in Asia/Pacific are a threat to patients with malignancies, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or undiagnosed/untreated human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Adequate and early access to diagnostic tools and antifungals is essential for the IFI clinical ma...

Background: Majority of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients was developed after admission to intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for development of invasive candidiasis among patients admitted to intensive care unit, especially considering the timing of laboratory, microscopic, and culture examination...

The WHO fungal priority pathogens list (WHO FPPL) is the first global effort to systematically prioritize fungal pathogens, considering their unmet research and development (R&D) needs and perceived public health importance. The WHO FPPL aims to focus and drive further research and policy interventions to strengthen the global response to fungal in...

Poster session 3, September 23, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) commonly affects post-tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, the existence of this slowly destructive disease is also increasingly being reported in patients with active TB. The study aimed to identify the clinical, radiological, and serological...

Cryptococcus neoformans isolates were previously obtained from pigeon droppings in Jakarta. This study aimed to determine another source of infection and describe the supporting niche of the fungus. The occurrence of C. neoformans was evaluated in 110 samples of decaying wood and leaves, tree hollow debris, dust, and bird droppings. Yeasts isolates...

Candida krusei is a Candida non-albicans species with a high prevalence, which causes candidaemia. Current treatment guidelines include fluconazole as a primary therapeutic option for the treatment of these infections; however, it is only a fungistatic against Candida spp ., and both inherent and acquired resistance to fluconazole have been reporte...

Cryptic species of Aspergillus have rapidly increased in the last few decades. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a debilitating fungal infection frequently affecting patients with previous TB. The identification and antifungal susceptibility profiles of different species of Aspergillus are important to support the management of CPA. The aim...

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is widely used in clinical laboratories for routine identification of bacteria and yeasts. However, methodological difficulties are still apparent when applied to filamentous fungi. The liquid cultivation method recommended by Bruker Daltonics GmbH for ident...

Introduction : We present demographic and clinical characteristics including laboratory and imaging data of COVID-19. Factors associated with death and ICU referral were evaluated. Methods : This is a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Logistic regression was used...

Objectives Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) can complicate recovery from pulmonary TB. CPA may also be misdiagnosed as bacteriologically negative TB. This study aimed to determine the incidence of CPA in patients treated for TB in Indonesia, a country with a high incidence of TB. Methods In this prospective, longitudinal cohort study in patie...

AbstrakMikrobiota terbesar pada tubuh manusia terdapat pada saluran cerna (70%).Mikrobiota normal saluran cerna tersusun atas komposisi mikroorganisme yang unik dan berada dalam keadaan seimbang, didalamnya termasuk Candidaspp., yang hidup sebagai komensal. Data tentang keberadaan Candida dalam usus terutama berasal dari orang dewasa, sedangkan dat...

Histoplasmosis has been reported since 1932 in various regions in Indonesia. This disease is caused by thermally dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum which is experiencing an increasing incidence worldwide. Human infection occurs when spores in soil contaminated with bird and bat droppings are inhaled and change to form yeast in...

Introduction: Aspergillus exhibits a wide variation of susceptibility against antifungals according to genetic and environmental factors. Identification to the species level is necessary for appropriate treatment. Our objective was to determine the Aspergillus species involved in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) among ICU patients in Jakarta...

COVID-19 is a disease reported to suppress cellular immunity. This may lead to the development of opportunistic infections, among others black fungus, or mucormycosis. On the other hand, pre-existing defect in immunity may render patients susceptible to both mucormycosis and COVID-19. Mucormycosis is a relatively rare fungal infection with rapid pr...

Background Indonesia is a tropical country, warm and humid, with numerous environmental fungi. Data on fungal disease burden helps policy makers and clinicians. Objectives We have estimated the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal diseases. Methods We found all published and unpublished data and estimated the incidence and prevalence of fun...

Objectives Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) can complicate recovery from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). CPA may also be misdiagnosed as bacteriologically-negative TB. This study aimed to determine the incidence of CPA in patients treated for TB in Indonesia; a country with a high incidence of TB. Methods In this prospective, longitudinal cohort...

The detection of Aspergillus antibody has a key role in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Western blot (WB) and immunochromatography (ICT) lateral flow detection of Aspergillus antibody can be used as confirmatory and screening assays but their comparative performance in TB patients is not known. This study investigated the performa...

Systemic fungal infection can disseminate to the skin and require prompt treatment, making early diagnosis very important. This study describes the use of a simple, quick touch biopsy method for the diagnosis of invasive mycoses in patients with AIDS with cutaneous manifestations. We identified fungal infections in 24 of the 29 investigated patient...

With increasing numbers of patients needing intensive care or who are immunosuppressed, infections caused by moulds other than Aspergillus spp or Mucorales are increasing. Although antifungal prophylaxis has shown effectiveness in preventing many invasive fungal infections, selective pressure has caused an increase of breakthrough infections caused...

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a common sequela of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The diagnosis of CPA is difficult and often misdiagnosed as smear-negative TB in endemic settings. Aspergillus IgG detection is the cornerstone of CPA diagnosis. There are a lack of studies on the prevalence of CPA in GeneXpert/smear-negative TB patients in In...

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and pulmonary tuberculosis infection (PTB) are important opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients. The diagnosis remains challenging since Pneumocystis jirovecii cannot be cultured, and expectorated-sputum is frequently difficult to obtain. The monoclonal-antibody detection for P. jirovecii from induced sputum...

Talaromycosis is caused by the dimorphic fungus Talaromyces marneffei (formerly Penicillium marneffei) endemic in South and Southeast Asia. Its clinical similarity with other dimorphic fungal infections (sometimes) make the diagnosis challenging. We report an immunocompromised patient with talaromycosis mimicking histoplamosis. A 26-year-old HIV-po...

Pendahuluan. Candida krusei menghuni tubuh manusia sebagai saprofit namun dapat berubah menjadi patogen dan menyebabkan mikosis. Candida krusei umumnya bersifat resisten primer terhadap flukonazol, namun data laboratorium di Jakarta menemukan adanya C. krusei yang bersifat sensitif terhadap flukonazol sehinga dilakukan studi prospektif mengenai has...

Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to preven...

Background: Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to prev...

Chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis (CPH) is an uncommon manifestation of Histoplasma infection with features similar to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In endemic areas, it may be misdiagnosed as smear-negative pulmonary TB. Historical case series mainly from patients with presumed TB described a high frequency of cavitation and poor prognosis, likely r...

Background: Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are a serious threat, but physicians in Asia lack access to many advanced diagnostics in mycology. It is likely that they face other impediments in the management of IFD. A gap analysis was performed to understand the challenges Asian physicians faced in medical mycology. Methods: The Asia Fungal Workin...

Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to preven...

Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) is one of leading causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Because early diagnosis of SFI is challenging due to nonspecific manifestations, prophylaxis becomes crucial. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of oral nystatin as an antifungal prophylaxis to preven...

Talaromycosis marneffei is a mycotic disease caused by Talaromyces marneffei which primarily infectimmunocompromised patient. This disease is endemic in Southeast Asia, and Indonesia consider as endemic area dueto a case of tourist who got the infection after visiting Indonesia. Diagnosis was made based on clinical suspicion withlaboratory confirma...

We performed morphology, molecular study and antifungal susceptibility test on 10 Talaromyces sp. isolates: eight clinical isolates (human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-patient) and two isolates from rats. All strains produced red soluble pigment and microscopically showed Penicillium-like structure in room temperature and yeast-like str...

Histoplasmosis caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum is often lethal in patients with AIDS. Urine antigen testing is highly sensitive and much quicker for diagnosis than culture. Histoplasmosis has a patchy and incompletely appreciated distribution around the world especially in South East Asia. We conducted a systematic literature review of...

Some potentially human pathogenic fungi are known to be zoonoses. Rodent is one of potential reservoir of fungi. To date, little is known about the role of rodent in transmitting fungal disease in Indonesia. Therefore, purpose of this study was to find evidence of potential fungal zoonoses in rodent. We caught two house rats, one rat was from the h...

Objectives: To improve the quality of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) management for intensive care unit (ICU) patients using a practical diagnostic scoring model. Methods: This nested case-control study aimed to determine the incidence of IPA in 405 ICU patients, between July 2012 and June 2014, at 6 hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Phenot...

Toksoplasmosis diperkirakan telah menginfeksi sepertiga populasi dunia dan dapat mengancam jiwa pasien dengan imunokompromi. Ensefalitis toksoplasma (ET) terjadi akibat reaktivasi infeksi laten T. gondii yang sering terjadi pada pasien AIDS, terutama stadium akhir. Untuk menegakkan diagnosis pasti pada pasien AIDS dengan kelainan SSP sangatlah suli...

An online survey of mycology laboratories in seven Asian countries was conducted to assess the status, competence, and services available. Country representatives from the Asia Fungal Working Group (AFWG) contacted as many laboratories performing mycology diagnosis as possible in their respective countries, requesting that the laboratory heads comp...

Cryptococcosis is a major fungal disease caused by members of the Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes. After more than 15 years of molecular genetic and phenotypic studies and much debate, a proposal for a taxonomic revision was made. The two varieties within C. neoformans were raised to species level, and the same was...

Pendahuluan. Insiden infeksi jamur invasif dilaporkan semakin meningkat di berbagai negara. Candida merupakan genus jamur yang paling sering menyebabkan infeksi jamur invasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, karakteristik klinis, dan pola sebaran spesies jamur pada pasien kandidiasis invasif (KI) dewasa. Metode. Penelitian in...

Objectives Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is common in HIV patients beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here we address the response to ART, and the roles of poor oral hygiene and defects in local innate immunity with a focus on salivary β-defensins, as they are implicated in control of candidiasis but have not been investigated in this contex...

Latar belakang. Infeksi jamur sistemik merupakan salah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas pada neonatus dengan gejala klinis yang mirip dengan sepsis. Mengetahui prevalens, pola jamur, faktor risiko, profil klinis, terapi, dan luaran klinis diharapkan dapat mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas infeksi jamur pada neonatus. Tujuan. Mengetahui pr...

Introduction: Keratomycosis is a common ocular fungal infection in developing country and related to ocular surface penetration. Mostly caused by filamentous fungi, such as Fusarium and Aspergillus and yeast, such as Candida. The incidence of corneal blindness is high due to limited use of effective antifungal therapy and lack of drug penetration t...

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is fatal Aspergillus infection in immunodeficiency patients. Recent development of IPA is emergence of non-classical risk factors in ICU. Clinical symptoms, laboratory results and radiological features are not typical, whereas biopsy is difficult to be performed. Inadequate management including delays antifungal tre...

Background Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a severe AIDS-defining illness with 90-day case mortality as high as 70% in sub-Saharan Africa, despite treatment. It is the leading cause of death in HIV patients in Asia and Africa. No major advance has been made in the treatment of CM since the 1970s. The mainstays of induction therapy are amphotericin...

Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast that causes cryptococcosis, a life threatening disease. The prevalence of cryptococcosis in Asia has been rising after the onset of the AIDS epidemic and estimates indicate more than 120 cases per 1,000 HIV-infected individuals per year. Almost all cryptococcal disease cases in both immunoco...

Cryptococcosis is an important fungal disease in Asia with an estimated 140,000 new infections annually the majority of which occurs in patients suffering from HIV/AIDS. Cryptococcus neoformans variety grubii (serotype A) is the major causative agent of this disease. In the present study, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using the ISHAM MLST conse...

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Chi-square test of Asian C. neoformans according to sequence types (STs) and HIV status. (XLS)

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Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast that causes cryptococcosis, a life threatening disease. The prevalence of cryptococcosis in Asia has been rising after the onset of the AIDS epidemic and estimates indicate more than 120 cases per 1,000 HIV-infected individuals per year. Almost all cryptococcal disease cases in both immunocompromised an...

Environmental Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii isolates from Thailand and Japan. (DOC)

Origin of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii isolates and clinical background information of the patients. (DOC)

The MIC range, MIC50, MIC90, and geometric mean for clinical isolates of C. neoformans in each country. (DOC)

The MIC range, MIC50, MIC90, and geometric mean for the different microsatellite complexes (MCs) of C. neoformans. (DOC)

khamir berkapsul golongan Basidiomycetes, dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas terutama pada populasi imunokompromis seperti HIV/AIDS. Tingginya prevalensi pada populasi tersebut menunjukkan perlunya sistem imun yang adekuat, baik selular maupun humoral, untuk mencegah dan mengendalikan infeksi. Sel fagosit mononuklear (monosit dan makrofag)...

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an important opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients and other immune system disorders. Diagnosis of PCP remains a challenge because the clinical symptoms, routine laboratory and radiological examinations are not typical. The proven diagnosis must be performed by finding P. jirovecii in histopathologic prepa...

Candida nivariensis was isolated from an Indonesian human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient who suffered from oropharyngeal candidiasis and was identified with molecular tools. Our isolate demonstrated low MICs to amphotericin B, flucytosine, posaconazole, caspofungin, and isavuconazole and was susceptible to fluconazole, itraconazole, and vo...

To know the correlation between CD4 count and intensity of Candida colonizations in the oropharynx of HIV-infected/AIDS patients, to get the prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), and to know what kind of Candida species that causes oropharynx candidiasis of HIV-infected/AIDS patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in HIV-infected/A...

Candida is a saprophyte in the human respiratory tract, gastro intestinal tract and also in the debris under the nail. Inpatients with compromised immunity such as HIV-AIDS, Candida is able to cause infection, in this case oral candidosisor esophagitis. In this study fungi were isolated from the stools of HIV/AIDS patients. Samples consisting of 95...

A rapid and sensitive PCR assay for the detection of Candida albicans DNA in serum was established. DNA from human serum samples was purified using the QIAamp blood kit, which proved to be a fast and simple method for isolating minute amounts of Candida DNA from clinical specimens for diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. Universal primer sequences us...