Renuka Venkata Inuganti

NRI Academy of Sciences | NRI · Department of Pathology

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare malignancy accounting for 0.05% of cases, seen in young females, and has atypical radiological presentation. We present a case of a 54-year-old female with complaints of a lump in the right breast for 5 months associated with pain, on and off fever. On ultrasound examination, the patient was found to hav...

Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS), a variant of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), is a rare malignant tumor commonly associated with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusions and is aggressive in nature with local recurrence. Here, we report a case of a 23-year-old female who presented with a cough and, upon invest...

Introduction Students-centered teaching and learning methods are the trends in medical education. Many innovative techniques are introduced and implemented to promote active learning by students, like crossword puzzles, a fun educational tool to generate interest, motivate, and enhance the critical thinking of medical students. Hence, this study wa...

Introduction Gastric carcinoma is a significant global health concern, known for its high mortality rate. HER-2 overexpression is observed in a notable proportion of gastric carcinoma and is associated with a worse prognosis. However, HER-2 expression enables targeting the protein by monoclonal antibodies that improve overall survival in HER-2-posi...

Glycogen storage disorders (GSDs) encompass a group of metabolic disorders resulting from deficiencies in enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis or breakdown. Among these, GSD type IX manifests due to a deficiency in phosphorylase kinase enzyme, leading to liver-specific, muscle-specific, or combined forms of the disorder. We present a case report...

Epithelioid hemangioma (EH), a rare benign tumor, is documented in only a few cases in the medical literature. The complications of epithelioid hemangioma depend on the site of their presentation. If located in the eye, epithelioid hemangiomas may lead to amblyopia; in the larynx, they can cause respiratory issues; and if affecting bone, they can r...

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare benign tumor that follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Its association with polycystic kidney disease is uncommon, with only a handful of cases documented in the literature. The growth of lesions to a significant size may lead to life-threatening complications. We report a case of a 32-year-old fem...

Introduction Serous effusion cytopathology is a minimally invasive, cost-effective procedure and plays a crucial role in diagnosing a spectrum of pathological conditions, ranging from benign to malignant. The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (ISRSFC) offers a standardized framework for reporting serous effusions, aiding...

Background Second primary malignancy (SPM) is defined as a second de novo malignant neoplasm arising in a patient with known primary malignancy. SPM is common and can occur synchronously or metachronously. Methods We retrospectively studied the epidemiological factors, patterns of occurrence and common associations of SPMs seen in our Department o...

Background and objective Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare and malignant mesenchymal tumor characterized by skeletal muscle differentiation. While it is a common soft tissue sarcoma in children, its incidence significantly decreases with advancing age, rendering it exceptionally rare in individuals aged more than 45 years. This study aimed to shed l...

Introduction Accurate cytological assessment is pivotal for managing thyroid lesions and various global reporting systems are in use, such as the globally acclaimed The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC), alongside other reporting systems namely, the Japanese Reporting System for Thyroid Aspiration Cytology (JRSTAC), Itali...

Mesenteric arteriovenous dysplasia/vasculopathy (MAVD/V) is an exceedingly rare noninflammatory vascular disorder affecting small-calibre mesenteric arteries and veins. This report details a case of a 51-year-old male diagnosed with MAVD/V following abdominal pain and vomiting. Surgical exploration revealed distinctive smooth muscle collarette arou...

The article is about non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of bone received in our center

Context: Leishman stain, one of the Romanowsky stain, is used as the stain of choice for routine staining of peripheral blood films since many years in most of the hematology laboratories worldwide. But it has a disadvantage of consuming around 15-20 minutes of time for staining alone, which can lead to increase in the turnaround time for reporting...

fibrous dysplasia with ABC

This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Abstract Primary he...

Eumycetomas of craniocerebral are rare, and we report an extraordinary case of maduramycosis involving brain and skull bone in a middle-aged male who presented with complaints of headache, behavioral abnormalities, and memory disturbances for 3 months. Imaging showed a frontal lesion. It was mistaken for a tumor clinically and radiologically. Crani...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the common malignant soft-tissue sarcomas affecting children. It originates from the embryonic mesenchyme precursor of striated muscle and is frequently seen in the head-and-neck region, genitourinary system and extremities. Occasionally, it arises from the retroperitoneum, biliary tract and abdomen and is rarely se...

Actinomycosis is a chronic bacterial infection, characterized by suppurative and granulomatous inflammation. In humans, actinomycosis is most frequently caused by Actinomyces israelii. It is a normal commensal which becomes pathogenic upon any breach in the mucosa. We report the case of cervical actinomycosis in a 45-year-old female who had a mass...

In medical curriculum, shift to self-directed student-centered learning is required. The mind maps are multisensory tools that help students organize, integrate, and retain information. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mind mapping in information retrieval and assess the perceptions of II MBBS students. An interventional cr...

Context: Cervical cancer is the commonest type of cancer in females worldwide and can lead to mortality in some of the cases. Most cases of cervical carcinomas are due to infection by Human Papilloma Virus types 16 and 18. Cervical carcinomas can be prevented by vaccination against HPV as HPV is the commonest risk factor that can be prevented. Desp...

Background and objectives: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a serious pregnancy complication that contributes significantly to both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The study aimed to evaluate various hematological parameters associated with PIH and to identify early hematological parameters predictive of eclampsia and hemolysi...

Introduction: Recently the International Academy of Cytology (IAC) proposed a new Yokahama reporting system for breast fine-needle aspiration cytology (2019) in order to standardize reporting pattern and to link cytology reporting to management algorithms. Aims and objectives: To categorize the samples according to the newly proposed IAC Yokaham...

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant public health problem in India, accounting to 30% of all cancers with a worrying rise in incidence and related mortality. Invasive tumor front (ITF) of OSCC has been an area of histopathologic research interest, where parameters like tumor budding (TB), mode of invasion (MOI) and lymp...

Background: The presence of a spinal lesion whether symptomatic or not, presents a diagnostic challenge and is always a cause for concern. In Indian population common spinal pathologies include tuberculosis and malignancy. We aim to study the spectrum of vertebral and paravertebral lesions, analyse with regard to age, sex, site, pathological diagno...

Introduction: Testicular Germ Cell Tumours (TGCTs) seminomas and non-seminomas constitute more than 90% of all type II germ cell tumours and account for only 1% of all the cancers in male worldwide. There is high incidence of testicular tumours in the western world compared to Asian and African countries. TGCTs occur at an early age compared to mal...

Introduction: Learning is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. Research findings suggest that a deep, integrated understanding of the basic sciences is important for solving clinically relevant tasks. Evidence suggests that students today may be more engaged and learn better when there are different teaching approaches incorporated into the educa...

Introduction: Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is mainly used in the treatment of abnormal coagulation profile, the reversal of warfarin effect and trauma emergencies. Inappropriate FFP usage can cause adverse effects like excess volume replacement, anaphylaxis, and Transfusion-Based Lung Injury (TRALI) in patients. Aim: To focus on indications, appropria...

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare condition and accounts for 5% of all thyroid malignancies. They constitute less than 2 % of all lymphomas. Most PTL’s are non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. It is clinically essential to discriminate between primary or secondary lymphoma of the thyroid as the treatment and prognosis varies. It commonly occurs in women...

Lhermitte Duclos disease is a rare cerebellar disease with very few cases published in the literature. There is no gender predilection and can occur at any age group. We present a rare case of unilateral LD disease in a young female with a lesion in left cerebellum. Preoperative diagnosis was made by MRI, which is confirmed on histology. A 32yr old...

Plasma cell myeloma is characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells, causing destructive bone lesions and other systemic manifestations. The disease spans a clinical spectrum from asymptomatic to highly aggressive disease. M protein caused by myeloma cells results in type III ABO discrepancy, in which rouleaux formation can be misinter...

Background: Blood transfusion is an important,integral and life saving procedure but simultaneously, carries risk of transmitting Transfusion Transmissible Infections(TTIs).The present study was done to find out the seroprevalence and changing trends of various TTIs among blood donors. Methods: Blood donors who attended our blood bank during May 20...

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a major health problem. It ranks second in mortality affecting the world population.Cervical cancer has the advantage that it takes a long time for it to develop. During this time it can be diagnosed and treated properly. For this purpose pap smears (cervical smears) are routinely screened for pre-malignant lesions...

Diseases affecting lymph nodes form a wide range of spectrum, from simple infection to malignant pathology. A panel of IHC markers is decided based on morphologic differential diagnosis. To study the incidence of lymph nodal lesions with respect to age and sex and their different histopathological patterns. To use Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for sub...

Background: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of endocrine system. They arise from two cell types present in the thyroid gland. The endodermally derived follicular cells give rise to papillary, follicular and probably anaplastic carcinomas. The neuroendocrine-derived calcitonin-producing C cells give rise to medullary carcinomas. Aims...

Introduction: Retroperitoneum can show a wide spectrum of diseases, including a variety of rare benign and malignant neoplasms that can be either primary or metastatic. Most retroperitoneal tumors are malignant, and soft tissue sarcomas account for one third of the cases. The most common sarcomas occurring in the retroperitoneum are Liposarcomas, M...

Genitourinary system

Background & objectives: Histopathology is the gold standard in the diagnosis and management of prostatic adeno carcinomas. The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the age distribution and clinical presentation of patients with prostatic adenocarcinomas 2) To study various Gleason's microscopic patterns of prostatic adenocarcinomas 3) To a...

Background: Anemia is an important health problem worldwide and particularly in children. It affects their growth and social performance and may lead to morbidity and mortality. The main objective of the study was to determine the morphological types of anemia and to assess their etiological factors by necessary investigations. Material and Methods...

Introduction: Polyps begin as small elevations of the mucosa and polyps are most common in the colorectal region. The neoplastic polyps are important because they have a risk of transformation into malignancy. The role of the Pathologist is to identify any dysplastic changes and inform the clinician regarding the risk of development of carcinoma. M...

Background: There is a vast diversity in placental pathology and several factors contribute to this diversity. A detailed placental examination is mandatory to assess any disorder and predict fetal outcome. Aims and objectives: To study the placental pathology in various maternal, fetal and placental disorders and also the fetal outcome in these co...

Introduction: 70% of clinical decision making is predicted upon, or confirmed by, or documented by medical laboratory test results. Accurate laboratory services are required for diagnosis, to identify causative factors, staging, treatment initiation, monitoring drug efficacy and toxic effects in cancer patients. Purpose: 1. to provide accurate, ear...

BACKGROUND Cysts of the Central Nervous System (CNS) are usually benign. Often, these cysts are discovered incidentally during routine radiological examination or at autopsy. They become symptomatic either because of pressure, rupture or secondary inflammation. The aim of the study is to1. Assess the nature and frequency of various non-neoplastic c...

BACKGROUND Tumours of central nervous system (CNS) are of varied histogenesis and show divergent lines of differentiation and morphological features. These tumours show specific predilection for age and sex groups, more commonly than of tumours of other systems. Though tumours of glial tissue are more common, other tumours of neural, ependymal and...

Aims: To assess the adequacy of intraoperative scrape cytology during percutaneous vertebroplasty by correlating results with corresponding histopathology. Settings and design: Vertebroplasty is a procedure increasingly used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. The history and presentation of osteoporotic fractures are straightforwa...

Leprosy, a relatively common chronic contagious disease having diverse modes of clinical presentation, can mimic a variety of unrelated diseases. For proper and adequate treatment, the diagnosis must be made accurately with subtyping which should be done with the help of bacillary index, histopathological features, and clinical correlation. This is...