René Arnold

Huawei Technologies · this is a private account

Demographic change poses a great challenge for most developed economies. While digitalization can cushion some of its adverse effects through automation and productivity upgrades, recent evidence points to the need of upskilling the labor force in order to reap the full benefits of digitalization. • As the results of the seven country survey (n>21,...

Research rationale: Market for wearable devices and applications designed for personal health and fitness has significantly increased in recent years and this segment is expected to continue growing. Furthermore, the boundaries between this segment and the smartphone and smartwatch segments are blurring as more and more smart devices offer function...

Getting a move on Health and fitness wearables and apps, a six country survey 2 • Sample size of over 18,000 respondents across six countries (China, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, United States) to determine the impact of wearables and apps use on physical activity during the pandemic period. • Across the six countries surveyed, responden...

The European Electronic Communications Code (EECC) enables competent authorities to introduce interoperability obligations also for number-independent interpersonal communications services (NI-ICS) such as Facebook Messenger, LINE, Skype, WeChat and WhatsApp. Under such an obligation, consumers could interact not just with users of the NI-ICS where...

Data and its economic impact permeates all sectors of the economy. The data economy is not a new sector, but more like a challenge for all firms to compete and innovate as part of a new wave of economic value creation. With data playing an increasingly important role across all sectors of the economy, the results of this report point European poli...

An overview of implications of the new European Electronic Communications Code in the light of various OTT services.

Voice interfaces have proliferated recently. Next to dedicated voice assistants such as Amazon’s Alexa, Samsung’s Bixby, Microsoft’s Cortana, Google’s Assistant and Apple’s Siri, a multitude of white label task-specific voice interfaces has been built into cars, home appliances and other devices. Despite their potentially profound impact on the int...

The European Electronic Communications Code (EECC) enables competent authorities to introduce interoperability obligations also for number-independent interpersonal communications services (NI-ICS) such as Facebook Messenger, LINE, Skype, WeChat and WhatsApp. Under such an obligation, consumers could interact not just with users of the NI-ICS where...

With billions of users but very little revenue, it is not just OTT service providers that have to be profitable; traditional telecoms operators need to make money too. Unlike traditional providers of communications services, OTT providers have successfully established additional functions within their applications that enable them to position thems...

85% of consumers in Germany have at least one device at their disposal that features a pre-installed voice assistant. At the moment, however, only 26% of consumers use them. Only a small minority of non-users intend to start conversing with Alexa, Siri and others over the next 12 months. While data protection concerns constitute a reason for cons...

Ob Amazons Alexa, Apples Siri, Googles Assistant, Microsofts Cortana oder Samsungs Bixby: Sprachassistenten werden immer populärer. Laut der Befragung von 3.184 Konsumenten in Deutschland, die für diesen Diskussionsbeitrag durchgeführt wurde, nutzten Ende des Jahres 2018 schon 26% zumindest einen solchen Sprachassistenten. Die Adoptionsrate ähnelt...

This report is only available in German. For an English version, please refer to the TPRC paper: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3426809 Be it Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri, Google's Assistant, Microsoft's Cortana or Samsung's Bixby: Voice assistants are becoming more and more popular. According to the survey of 3,184 consumers...

This study assesses technological and other market developments which could impact competition in wholesale and/or retail roaming markets over the medium term (5-10 years), with a view to understanding whether regulation of data, voice and SMS roaming will continue to be necessary going forwards. Our analysis suggests that there does not seem to be...

OTT-1-Dienste wie Facebook Messenger, LINE, WeChat oder WhatsApp haben in den letzten Jahren deutlich an Popularität gewonnen. Dieser Diskussionsbeitrag fasst ihre Auswirkungen auf das Kommunikationsverhalten aus verschiedenen Perspektiven zusammen und adressiert Fragen zur künftigen Einordnung dieser Dienste innerhalb des European Electronic Commu...

OTT-1 services such as Facebook Messenger, LINE, WeChat or WhatsApp have gained considerable popularity in recent years. This discussion paper provides a comprehensive summary of their impact on communication behaviour from different perspectives. Furthermore, we identify questions on the future classification of these services within the European...

Vietnam is one of the strongest growing global economies, with increasing internet penetration and digitization spurring this growth. In particular, Rich Interaction Applications (RIAs) play a critical role in this success as they offer innovative functions helping their users to interact more efficiently than via traditional methods. This results...

Jemanden über das Telefonnetz anrufen oder eine SMS versenden, das funktioniert in den allermeisten Fällen ganz egal, in welchem Netz sich die Kommunikationspartner gerade befinden. Bei Diensten wie Facebook Messenger, Signal, Threema oder WhatsApp beschränkt sich die Anzahl der erreichbaren Kommunikationspartner auf die Nutzer des jeweiligen Diens...

Calling someone over the telephone network or sending an SMS normally works frictionless no matter the respective networks of the interacting parties. For services such as Facebook Messenger, Signal, Threema or WhatsApp, the number of potential communication partners is limited to the users of the respective service, since these services are typica...

Connected cars provide enormous opportunities for OEMs and telecommunications providers alike. However, there is little insight and quantitative evidence about this important emerging market environment. This presentation takes a few first steps towards understanding the connected car market better. It provides an evidence-based estimate of the pen...

Die umfangreiche Verwendung insbesondere von personenbezogenen Daten durch Over The Top (OTT) Dienste steht immer wieder im Mittelpunkt der politischen Debatte. Die Verwendungszwecke können dabei vielfältiger Natur sein. Personenbezogene Daten können dazu dienen, die Qualität des Dienstes zu verbessern, Werbung zielgruppengerecht auszuspielen oder...

For several years, online platforms have reached strong positions in some of the most important areas in the digital economy. They reduce search and transaction costs while also increasing economic efficiency and they can shape markets both online and offline. Because of powerful economic mechanisms such as network effects and feedback effects with...

Viewing video content over the Internet is becoming more and more popular in Germany, as in many other countries. Thus, video content already accounts for the vast majority of data transported over the Internet. It is expected that the proportion of video content will increase significantly in the future. Long-term network capacity planning rests o...

Videoinhalte über das Internet anzuschauen, wird immer populärer in Deutschland genauso wie in vielen anderen Ländern. Schon heute machen Videoinhalte die deutliche Mehrheit der Daten aus, die über das Internet transportiert werden. Man geht davon aus, dass sich der Anteil, der auf Videoinhalte entfällt, in Zukunft noch deutlich erhöhen wird. Unter...

A large proportion of today’s consumer communication in Germany takes place via internet-based services. As early as 2015, more than half of all messages were sent via WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, Snapchat, Threema, Signal and many other OTT services, and about one-fifth of all calls were made through these services as well. While the i...

Online-Plattformen haben in der digitalen Wirtschaft seit geraumer Zeit in vielen Bereichen eine wichtige Stellung eingenommen. Sie reduzieren Such- und Transaktionskosten, tragen zur Erhöhung ökonomischer Effizienz bei und können zu wesentlichen Veränderungen von Märkten sowohl in der analogen wie auch der digitalen Welt führen. Aufgrund einer Vie...

German Internet success stories are rare. In many areas of the Internet, American companies dominate. In contrast, about 80 % of the providers of digital comparison tools relevant in Germany have their headquarters in Germany. In 2016, they employed a total of around 6,500 people here and generated revenues of EUR 3.4 billion. The figures for 2017...

Spotify, Netflix and Amazon Video have made their way into Germany’s living rooms, smartphones, tablets and computers. The digital libraries of public broadcasters have been similarly successful. Just like the two preceding studies1, the present one explores the apparent changes in the way that consumers in Germany enjoy music and audio-visual cont...

The study that WIK conducted supported by Broadband India Forum (BIF) finds that Rich Interaction Applications (RIAs) like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Google Hangouts and Hike create a consumer surplus of US$98 billion (INR 6.3 lakh crores) in India. This is equivalent to 4.3% of India’s GDP of US$2264 billion (INR 147 lakh crores) in 2016. Each...

The amendment of the European ePrivacy Directive on the protection of privacy and confidentiality in electronic communications is currently subject of a controversial debate. Privacy-friendly preferences and configurations for software such as web browsers and apps (Privacy by Default / Design) are designed to provide a higher level of protection....

Presentation of the results of the WIK-Consult study on the economic impact of the ePrivacy-Regulation provisions on online advertising and ad-based digital business models

Mobile Messenger Apps (MMAs) such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, LINE, Signal or Snapchat enjoy impressive success worldwide. Since many of these applications are offered at no monetary cost, telecommunications providers have argued that consumers choose MMAs predominantly to save money. In light of consumers’ complementary and multi-homing use o...

Mobile Messaging Apps (MMAs) such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, LINE, Signal or Snapchat are used by many consumers next to the traditional electronic communication services (ECS) SMS texting and phone calls. While with ECS the idea of full end-to-end interoperability is one of the key features, initial research (28 qualitative interviews) condu...

Over-the-Top (OTT) services use the public internet to create added value for consumers. A prominent example of these services are applications that enable rich interactions between consumers by sending pictures and videos, facilitating group chats and offering other innovative functions such as mobile payment or ordering a taxi. Also, consumers ca...

Mobile Messaging Apps (MMAs) such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, LINE, Signal or Snapchat are used by many consumers next to the traditional electronic communication services (ECS) SMS texting and phone calls. While with ECS the idea of full end-to-end interoperability is one of the key features, initial research (28 qualitative interviews) condu...

Based on a review of 139 of the most commonly used RIAs we find that each 10% increase in RIA usage has added on average US$ 5.6 trillion in GDP (0.33% of GDP), exceeding the economic benefits of basic telecommunications services across a panel of 164 countries in the period 2000 to 2015. Increasing (mobile) broadband connections in combination wit...

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the number of connected cars in Germany from 2009 to 2018. Within that, it explores the actual take-up of specific connected functionalities by consumers and draws conclusions as regards strategic implications for telecommunications providers, automotive manufacturers and network planners. It finds that in...

Applications such as iMessage, KakaoTalk, LINE, Signal, Skype, Snapchat, Threema, Viber, WhatsApp and WeChat have become an increasingly popular means of personal and business interaction. Surprisingly little academic effort has gone into understanding the nature and origin of these applications, yet. Policy makers and regulators on the other hand...

In various national markets for communications services, fundamental changes in usage patterns can be observed. Commonly, usage of traditional electronic communications services (ECS) i.e. telephony and Short Message Services (SMS) is declining, while user numbers of Over-The-Top (OTT) instant messaging services like WhatsApp and Voice Over Interne...

Digital content and services providers like Alphabet (formerly Google) or Facebook have become an indispensable part of our everyday lives and are among the highest valued firms in the economy as a whole. Most digital markets are characterized by direct and indirect network effects and therefore also by so-called two-sided platforms. To date it is...

Network neutrality is a complex and multi-faceted subject. Not surprisingly, consumer views toward network neutrality appear to be correspondingly complex and nuanced.

More and more consumers are using OTT communication services. At the same time, usage of ECS is decreasing. Of course, this is hardly coincidental. Nonetheless, some crucial questions remain unanswered so far: Is the observed change in consumer preferences a like-for-like substitution? What are the drivers of this change? What are the implications...

Zusammenfassung „Adam and Eve were the first people to agree to the Apple terms and conditions without reading them.” Dieser bekannte Internet-Witz macht in einem Satz das Dilemma deutlich, in das Online-Nutzer jeden Tag geraten. Sicher wäre es besser, sich vorher zu informieren–aber kaum jemand nimmt die Mühe auf sich, AGB und Datenschutzerklärung...

The full text is also available as a GSR conference paper, see https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Conferences/GSR/Documents/GSR2014/Discussion%20papers%20and%20presentations%20-%20GSR14/Session%206%20GSR14%20-%20Discussion%20paper%20-%20BusinessModels.pdf An increasing number of devices that collect and transmit data have been improving access to data....

An increasing number of devices that collect and transmit data have been improving access to data. New data transport, storage and analysis procedures have been enabling more and more businesses to utilise data in their business models. This indicates a trend towards data becoming a new driver of economic growth. In light of this development, this...

Jeder Kunde ist anders. Das sagt man gerne und oft. Sicherlich sind Kundenwünsche sehr individuell. Produkte sind es in der Regel jedoch nicht. Der Geschmack oder die Ausstattung eines Weins werden jedoch immer ein Kompromiss zu Gunsten einer Gruppe von Konsumenten sein. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit Wegen, solche Gruppen von Konsumenten zu ident...

Einleitend wollen wir zunächst einen Blick auf die generellen Kommunikationsbedingungen werfen, denen auch die Weinkommunikation unterliegt. Es gilt zu erörtern, wann und wie Menschen Reize aufnehmen und verarbeiten.

Wissenschaftlich fundierte Untersuchungen zum Verhalten von Weinkonsumenten sind bislang eher selten, was wohl auch daran liegt, dass viele Unternehmen der Weinwirtschaft noch immer mehr produkt- als marktorientiert agieren (Hussain, Cholette und Castaldi 2007). Die damit einhergehende Konzentration der Anstrengungen auf Weinbau und Kellereiwirtsch...

Wie kann die aktuelle Forschung im Marketing für die Praxis genutzt werden? Antworten auf diese Frage liefern die Beiträge dieses Sammelbandes. Erfahrene Experten aus Wissenschaft und Praxis beleuchten kompetent alle Bereiche des Marketings über den gesamten Wertschöpfungsprozess in kleinen wie großen Weingütern und Kellereien. Anhand theoretischer...

Understanding wine consumer behavior: Recent insights and open issues - Research into the processes underlying consumer behavior related to wine has made great strides in the past decade, most notably through institutions and individuals in the "New World", but also in Europe. This article contains a unique overview of work conducted by the world’s...

This article aims to provide a comprehensive summary of segmentation research in wine marketing. It compares different approaches for segmentation and tries to find similarities between the different approaches, thus offering a common base for further research. In addition to a content based analysis, the paper also offers a quantitatively based pa...