Regina M B Cicarelli

São Paulo State University | Unesp · Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas

X-chromosomal markers can be useful in some forensic cases, where the analysis of the autosomal markers is not conclusive. In this study, a population sample of 500 unrelated individuals born in São Paulo State was characterized for 32 X-InDel markers. No deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were detected, except for MID1361. The 32 X-InD...

Oil extraction from green coffee seeds generates residual mass that is discarded by agribusiness and has not been previously studied. Bioactive secondary metabolites in coffee include antioxidant phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acids. Coffee seeds also contain caffeine, a pharmaceutically important methylxanthine. Here, we report the chemic...

The Y-STRs have high mutation rates, being useful to discriminate unrelated males. They are widely used in paternity and forensic investigations to study the recent history and migration movements of populations. Recently, the YfilerPlus was released to increase discrimination inside populations, by adding 9 Y-STRs to the previous Yfiler version. T...

The Southeast region of Brazil is the main economic region, the most populous and with the major cultural and genetic miscegenation of the country. Due to its historical context, it mainly includes descendants of Portuguese and Italians, but also has strong influence of Native americans, Africans, Spaniards and Germans. The influence of Arabs and A...

A collaborative effort was carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese Speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (GHEP-ISFG) to promote knowledge exchange between associate laboratories interested in the implementation of indel-based methodologies and build allele frequency databases of 38 indels for forensic applicati...

São Paulo state is one of the Brazilian states with the highest cultural and ethnic miscegenation, mainly of Italian and Portuguese descendants, but also strongly influenced by Amerindians, Africans, Spanish, Germans, Arabs and Japanese, as well as the high number of immigrants from the northeast region. In this work we analyzed statistical data of...

Studies with X-STR loci show population genetic substructure, which makes necessary the characterization of such markers in the different geographical and/or ethnic populations. Therefore, this study assessed the distribution and forensic efficiency of an X-STR decaplex system in the population of the State of Mato Grosso, as well as analysed the p...

Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease affect millions of people in tropical and subtropical regions. Drugs used currently to treat such diseases often present undesirable side effects and low efficiency. The aim of this work was to identify extracts and isolated compounds from the genus Lippia with leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activity. Fifteen extra...

Resistance to benznidazole in certain strains of Trypanosoma cruzi may be caused by the increased production of enzymes that act on the oxidative metabolism, such as mitochondrial tryparedoxin peroxidase (mTcTXNPx) which catalyses the reduction of peroxides. This work presents cytotoxicity assays performed with ferrocenyl diamine hydrochlorides in...

The trypanocidal potential of the natural chalcone flavokawin B, which was isolated from the hexanic extract of Polygonum ferrugineum Wedd., is reported here. Although flavokawin B is widespread, this is the first report about its trypanocidal properties on both Trypanosoma cruzi (IC50 = 9.5 µM, IC50 = 34.7 µM benznidazol, Y strain) epimastigotes a...

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major public health concern worldwide, and genetic analysis may be useful in identifying the cause of death as well as in determining the possible genetic risk factors for SCD. This study analyzed eight SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) highly correlated with cardiac sudden death in samples (blood and bone) from...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis is usually a last resort in routine forensic DNA casework especially when nuclear DNA analysis cannot be applied. Because of the Brazilian population is highly admixed it is necessary to select highly discriminatory SNPs. The goal of this article is to characterize the mtDNA haplogroups in 100 unrelated individual...

Pereira et al. [3] reported a method for multiplex analysis of 38 INDELs autosomes known polymorphic in different populations of the world which can be used in the human identification, but this methodology not originally introduced marker for the analysis of amelogenin. In laboratory of paternity of UNESP/Araraquara, Brazil, kinship analysis are p...

Y chromosome markers have been widely studied due to their various applications in the fields of forensic and evolutionary genetics. In this study, 35 Y-SNPs and 17 Y-STRs were genotyped in 253 males from the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil. A total of 18 haplogroups and 243 haplotypes were detected; the haplogroup and haplotype diversities were 0....

American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is a debilitating disease representing an important social problem that affects, approximately, 10 million people in the world. The main aggravating factor of this situation is the lack of an effective drug to treat the different stages of this disease. In this context, the search for trypanocidal substanc...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has proved to be useful for forensic identification, especially in cases which nuclear DNA markers fail, as in degraded samples or in cases where the biological material has few traces or no nuclear DNA. Moreover, it can be applied in population genetics, inferring the origin of a population. In this work, the ent...

Multiple fragments of mitochondrial DNA genes (cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase I, and 16S rDNA) were used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among Triatoma melanocephala, T. tibiamaculata, T. vitticeps, and other members of Triatoma brasiliensis subcomplex under a Bayesian framework and maximum parsimony criterion. With the addition of new...

Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi are the etiologic agents of sleeping sickness and Chagas disease, respectively, two of the 17 preventable tropical infectious diseases (NTD) which have been neglected by governments and organizations working in the health sector, as well as pharmaceutical industries. High toxicity and resistance are problems...

The X chromosome is a singular source of information in population genetics, anthropological research and in forensic cases. Thus, many researchers have been interested in characterizing X chromosome markers in different populations. The Brazilian Genetic Database of Chromosome X (BGBX-Banco Genético Brasileiro do Cromossomo X) website is freely av...

The phylogenetic relationships among species of Triatoma matogrossensis subcomplex (T. baratai, T. guazu, T. matogrossensis, T. sordida, T. vandae, and T. williami) was addressed by using fragments of cytochrome oxidase I (COI), 16S rDNA (16S), and cytochrome b (Cytb) through Bayesian and parsimony analyses. We did not recover a monophyletic T. mat...

The present investigation was to evaluate the potential trypanocidal activity of crude ethanolic extract of the fruits of Solanum palinacanthum, Solanum lycocarpum and the glycoalcaloid, solamargine. S. palinacanthum and S. lycocarpum fruit powders were submitted to exhaustively extraction with 96% ethanol and solamargine were isolated from the ext...

The phylogenetic relationships among species of Triatoma matogrossensis subcomplex (T. baratai, T. guazu, T. matogrossensis, T. sordida, T. vandae, and T. williami) was addressed by using fragments of cytochrome oxidase I (COI), 16S rDNA (16S), and cytochrome b (Cytb) through Bayesian and parsimony analyses. We did not recover a monophyletic T. mat...

The composition of the essential oils (EO) from leaves and rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium was analyzed both by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Thirty and thirty-nine compounds were identified, respectively, in the oils from leaves and rhizomes, representing 88% and 86.1% of the whole compositions. Caryophyllene oxide...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis is usually a last resort in routine forensic DNA casework. However, it has become a powerful tool for the analysis of highly degraded samples or samples containing too little or no nuclear DNA, such as old bones and hair shafts. The gold standard methodology still constitutes the direct sequencing of polymerase ch...

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The present study describes the leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities of two quinonemethide triterpenes, maytenin (1) and pristimerin (2), isolated from Maytenus ilicifolia root barks (Celastraceae). The compounds were effective against the Trypanosomatidae Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania chagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agents o...

The fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of hereditary mental retardation, is caused by expansions of CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene. The gold-standard method to diagnose FXS is the Southern blot (SB). Because SB is laborious and costly, some adaptations in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method have been utilized for FXS screening. A...

Solasonine (Sn) and solamargine (Sg) glycoalkaloids are the major compounds responsible for the biological effects of the fruits of Solanum lycocarpum. Chagas disease and sleeping sickness are caused by protozoan T. cruzi and T. brucei, respectively. The drugs used to both treatments presented hard side effects; so, the search for natural products...

As part of a bioprospecting program aimed at the discovery of antiprotozoal agents from the Brazilian flora, two new sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids, ilicifoliunines A (1) and B (2), along with the known alkaloids aquifoliunine E-I (3) and mayteine (4), were isolated from the root bark of Maytenus ilicifolia. The structures of 1 and 2 were establi...

A study was conducted of the biological, morphological and molecular characters of 3 strains of Trypanosoma cruzi (SI(5), SI(8) and SIGR(3)) isolated from specimens of Triatoma sordida collected in Santo Inácio and a domestic cat. In order to carry out the study, the following parameters were evaluated: pre-patent period, parasitaemia curves, morph...

In 2010 QIAGEN® launched to eight kits of different combinations of STRs, including the Investigator IDplex Kit. This kit allows amplification in one PCR 16 markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of Investigator IDplex Kit among Latin America laboratories. In the framework of the ‘III International Theoretical–Practice C...

Latin-American Society of Forensic Genetics (SLAGF) Interlaboratory Quality Control Exercise (2010–2011) included the analysis of three bloodstain samples in FTA Classic Card (three persons, biologically unrelated) and one theoretical exercise. There were 56 participating laboratories from 13 Latin-American countries that belong to society, were re...

The present study reports the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) evaluation of the hexanes and dichloromethane fractions from extracts of the red alga Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne. Twenty three compounds were identified, totaling ca. 42% of both fractions (0.18 g mass extract). The main constituents of the fractions were he...

Colombian Reference National Laboratory, GENES LTDA, have organized and coordinated for the past two years (2009 and 2010) the Quality Control Exercise for laboratories undertaking paternity, maternity and forensic tests with DNA markers. Twenty-two laboratories have participated in 2009, increasing the number to 27 in 2010. Laboratories in Colombi...

Gaudichaudianic acid, a prenylated chromene isolated from Piper gaudichaudianum, has been described as a potent trypanocidal compound against the Y-strain of Trypanosoma cruzi. We herein describe its isolation as a racemic mixture followed by enantiomeric resolution using chiral HPLC and determination of the absolute configuration of the enantiomer...

Similarity values shown by dendrograms generated from RAPD–PCR analyses using two sets of primers: (A) among isolates of I. orientalis including the type strain Y01030 using the primer M13; (B) among isolates of P. membranaefaciens including the type Y01044 using the primer M13; (C) among isolates of I. orientalis including the type strain Y01030 u...

A fermentation system was continuously fed with sugar-cane syrup and operated with recycling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells at temperatures varying from 30 to 47°C. The aim of the present work was to obtain and study the colonies of isolates showing elongated cells of yeasts which were sporadically observed at the end of this continuous process....

SNaPshot minisequencing reaction is in increasing use because of its fast detection of many polymorphisms in a single assay. In this work we described a highly sensitive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) typing method with detection of 42 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) SNPs in a single PCR and SNaPshot multiplex reaction, in order to allow haplogro...

The genetic markers most commonly utilized to determine identity and in paternity testing are autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs); to interpret the DNA analysis, the results of a case have to be compared with a pertinent reference population. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the genetic profile of the population of Araraquara (São P...

Several protozoan parasites exist in the Trypanosomatidae family, including various agents of human diseases. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that important differences are present between the translational and mRNA processing (trans splicing) systems of trypanosomatids and other eukaryotes. In this context, certain small complexes of RNA and pr...

The analysis of heteroplasmy (presence of more than one type of mitochondrial DNA in an individual) is used as a tool in human identification studies, anthropology, and most currently in studies that relate heteroplasmy with longevity. The frequency of heteroplasmy and its correlation with age has been analyzed using different tissues such as blood...

No fully effective treatment has been developed since the discovery of Chagas' disease. Since drug-resistant Trypanosoma cruzi strains are occurring and the current therapy is effective in the acute phase but with various adverse side effects, more studies are needed to characterize the susceptibility of T. cruzi to new drugs. Pre-mRNA maturation i...

Introdução: Desde os primórdios da civilização, o homem busca suas raízes biológicas, hoje, a determinação de vínculo biológico é direito do cidadão. A identificação humana pelo DNA tornou-se ferramenta importantíssima na determinação de paternidade e/ou vínculo biológico em perícias forenses. O laboratório iniciou suas atividades de extensão à com...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) population data for forensic purposes are still scarce for some populations, which may limit the evaluation of forensic evidence especially when the rarity of a haplotype needs to be determined in a database search. In order to improve the collection of mtDNA lineages from the Iberian and South American subcontinents, we h...

Ten X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (DXS8378, DXS9902, DXS7132, DXS9898, DXS6809, DXS6789, DXS7133, GATA172D05, GATA31E08 and DXS7423) were analyzed in four populations of the southeastern region of Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Vitória and Belo Horizonte). No deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed for any of the analy...

As data on X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (X-STRs) for the Brazilian population are scarse, the aim of this study was to determine the allele frequencies of five X-STRs (DXS6854, DXS7424, DXS101, DXS6808 and DXS7132) in the São Paulo State, Brazil. No deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed, with the exception of DXS101. Th...

Introdução: O laboratório iniciou suas atividades em 2001, oferecendo, diretamente para clientes particulares ou através da Justiça, exames de filiação pela análise do DNA. A partir de 2002, este passou a realizar análises de identificação humana em vestígios biológicos para finalidade forense e, em 2003, começou a desenvolver pesquisas na área de...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has proved useful for forensic identification especially in cases where nuclear DNA is not available, such as with hair evidence. Heteroplasmy, the presence of more than one type of mtDNA in one individual, is a common situation often reported in the first and second mtDNA hypervariable regions (HV1/HV2), particul...

We describe herein an evaluation of the trypanocidal effect of eight piperamides (1–8) isolated from Piper tuberculatum bearing dihydropyridone, piperidine, and isobutyl moieties against epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas’ disease. Based on such results, three hydrogenated and two hydrolyzed derivatives (10–14) w...

Genetic population data for 10 X-STR (DXS8378, DXS9898, DXS7133, GATA31E08, GATA172D05, DXS7423, DXS6809, DXS7132, DXS9902 and DXS6789) were obtained from Vitória population (Espírito Santo State, Brazil). No deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and linkage disequilibrium were observed. The combined powers of discrimination in males and f...

The phylogenetic position of Triatoma sherlocki within triatomines group was inferred by analyzing mtDNA fragments of Cyt B and 16S ribosomal RNA by using maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis. Despite being differentiated from members of the T. brasiliensis complex on morphologic grounds, molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests T. sherlocki is...

Pterogynidine (1) and Nitensidine E (2) were isolated from different parts of Pterogyne nitens, which is a native tree common in South America [1,2]. Recently, Regasini et al. [3] demonstrated that nitensidine E was the most active compound against different tumor cell lines, while pterogynidine was inactive. The structure of nitensidine E is the f...

In trypanosomatid parasites, spliced leader (SL) trans splicing is an essential nuclear mRNA maturation step which caps mRNAs posttranscriptionally and, in conjunction with polyadenylation, resolves individual mRNAs from polycistronic precursors. While all trypanosomatid mRNAs are trans spliced, intron removal by cis splicing is extremely rare and...

The trypanocidal activity of crude extracts and fractions from the leaves and stems of Peperomia obtusifolia (Piperaceae) was evaluated in vitro against the epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the most active extracts afforded seven known compounds, including three chromanes, two furofuran lignans and two fl...

In the scope of our ongoing research on bioactive agents from Brazilian flora, twenty-four extracts and fractions obtained from Piperarbor eumAub. andPipertuber culatum Jacq. (Piperaceae) were screened for trypanocidal activity by using MTT colorimetric assay. The strongest activity was found in hexane fractions from the leaves of P. arboreum (IC 5...

In a collaborative work carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group (GEP-ISFG), a polymerase chain reaction multiplex was optimized in order to type ten X-chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) in a single reaction, including: DXS8378, DXS9902, DXS7132, DXS9898, DXS6809, DXS6789, DXS7133, GATA172D05, GATA31E08, and DXS7423. Using t...

Aim: To investigate the casuistry of drowning cases by reviewing the records from the Forensic Medicine Institute Nina Rodrigues in the city of Salvador, BA, Brazil, and to verify the potential of DNA recovery in human teeth immersed in water. Methods: An epidemiological survey was conducted followed by a laboratorial phase, in which 40 teeth were...

Genetic population data for five X-STR (DXS6854, DXS7424, DXS101, DXS6808 and DXS7132) were obtained from Bauru population (São Paulo, Brazil). No deviations from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were observed, with the exception of DXS101. The combined powers of discrimination in males and females were 0.99897253 and 0.99999120, respectively. These...

A collaborative work was carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group with a PCR multiplex for X chromosome STRs. Markers were selected among those described as polymorphic in humans and that have been used by some laboratories in forensics. Primers and various technical methods were investigated with the aim of optimizing a multipl...

We report the results of the seventh edition of the GEP-ISFG mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) collaborative exercise. The samples submitted to the participant laboratories were blood stains from a maternity case and simulated forensic samples, including a case of mixture. The success rate for the blood stains was moderate ( approximately 77%); even though...

This work reports for the first time the identification and immunolocalization, by confocal and conventional indirect immunofluorescence, of m3G epitopes present in ribonucleoproteins of the following trypanosomatids: Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes of three different strains, Blastocrithidia ssp., and Leishmania major promastigotes. The identity o...

The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-trypanocidal activities of natural chromene and chromene derivatives. Five chromenes were isolated from Piper gaudichaudianum and P. aduncum, and a further seven derivatives were prepared using standard reduction, methylation and acetylation procedures. These compounds were assayed in vitro against e...

The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-trypanocidal activities of natural chromene and chromene derivatives. Five chromenes were isolated from Piper gaudichaudianum and P. aduncum, and a further seven derivatives were prepared using standard reduction, methylation and acetylation procedures. These compounds were assayed in vitro against e...

This study describes the antichagasic potential of five compounds isolated from leaves of Piper crassinervium (Piperaceae). Two prenylated benzoic acid derivatives, one prenylated hydroquinone and two flavanones, were evaluated. The in vitro trypanocidal activity was determined against epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain), the etiolog...

Five tetrahydrofuran lignans and two known flavones were isolated from the aerial parts of Peperomia blanda. The structures of the isolated lignans were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data, including by gHMQC and gHMBC. The relative and absolute configurations of the isolates were determined from NOESY interactions and optical...

Allele frequency distributions and population data for 12 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) included in the PowerPlex Y Systems (Promega) were obtained for a sample of 200 healthy unrelated males living in São Paulo State (Southeast of Brazil). A total of 192 haplotypes were identified, of which 184 were unique and 8 were found in 2 individ...

The analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a useful tool in forensic cases when sample contents too little or degraded nuclear DNA to genotype by autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci, but it is especially useful when the only forensic evidence is a hair shaft. Several authors have related differences in mtDNA from different tissues within the...