Reg Dennick

Reg Dennick
University of Nottingham | Notts · School of Medicine

BSc, PhD, MEd

About

82
Publications
99,733
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14,553
Citations
Additional affiliations
October 1974 - present
University of Nottingham
Position
  • Research Assistant

Publications

Publications (82)
Article
As a medical educator, you may be directly or indirectly involved in the quality of assessments. Measurement has a substantial role in developing the quality of assessment questions and student learning. The information provided by psychometric data can improve pedagogical issues in medical education. Through measurement we are able to assess the l...
Article
Background and purpose: Although the importance of item response theory (IRT) has been emphasized in health and medical education, in practice, few psychometricians in nurse education have used these methods to create tests that discriminate well at any level of student ability. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties...
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Objectives: To explore foundation trainees' experiences with the mini clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX). Methods: Data were gathered from interviews with thirty foundation year one trainees who had completed a minimum of six assessments with the mini-CEX tool. Interview transcripts were analysed using a template thematic procedure. Results: T...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives: To explore foundation trainees’ experiences with the mini clinical evaluation exercise (mini-CEX). Methods: Data were gathered from interviews with thirty foundation year one trainees who had completed a minimum of six assessments with the mini-CEX tool. Interview transcripts were analysed using a template thematic procedure. Results: T...
Article
This chapter discusses how doctors in key European countries develop and maintain professional standards of clinical knowledge in their specialism, rheumatology, with particular reference to how they are assessed in the workplace. The authors discuss key educational theories related to learning and assessment, including experiential learning, refle...
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CONTEXT Major influences on learning about medical professionalism come from the hidden curriculum. These influences can contribute positively or negatively towards the professional enculturation of clinical students. The fact that there is no validated method for identifying the components of the hidden curriculum poses problems for educators cons...
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Classical Test Theory has traditionally been used to carry out post-examination analysis of objective test data. It uses descriptive methods and aggregated data to help identify sources of measurement error and unreliability in a test, in order to minimise them. Item Response Theory (IRT), and in particular Rasch analysis, uses more complex methods...
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Nedelesky, Ebel and Angoff methods, which are commonly used in medical education, are considered testcentred approaches. These traditional methods are grounded in the subjective judgments of standard setters. Sometimes standard setters use the results of classical test theory (e.g. item difficulty and item discrimination parameters) to judge the be...
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Although there is no single overarching theory of learning, there is a group of learning theories that shares some common elements which can provide useful guidance on a range of teaching and learning practices. This article aims to describe Constructivist, Experiential and Humanistic learning theories, to explain how these three theories are funda...
Article
Empathy towards patients is associated with improved health outcomes. However, quantitative studies using self-reported data have not provided an in-depth opportunity to explore the lived experiences of medical students concerning empathy. This study was designed to investigate undergraduate medical students' experiences of the phenomenon of empath...
Article
As great emphasis is rightly placed upon the importance of assessment to judge the quality of our future healthcare professionals, it is appropriate not only to choose the most appropriate assessment method, but to continually monitor the quality of the tests themselves, in a hope that we may continually improve the process. This article stresses t...
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The purpose of this Guide is to provide both logical and empirical evidence for medical teachers to improve their objective tests by appropriate interpretation of post-examination analysis. This requires a description and explanation of some basic statistical and psychometric concepts derived from both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response...
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Objectives: To investigate if current surgical web based education provides appropriate learning experiences, viewed through the frameworks of contemporary pedagogy. Methods: Using defined exclusion and inclusion criteria, we searched the medical literature for papers on surgical web education. We analysed the instructional designs and web utilitie...
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to devise, implement and evaluate a paediatric contextualised reusable computer-aided learning resource. Methods: This study is an evaluation of a curriculum development in which all 21 third year undergraduate physiotherapists at the University of Nottingham partici-pated. Data collection was via an online sur...
Article
The importance of empathetic communication in the context of patient care has been suggested as a crucial element in the delivery of high-quality medical care. Although some countries have measured empathy among medical students, little is known formally about the state of affairs regarding empathy in the UK with regard to gender, medical years and...
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Empathy towards patients is considered to be associated with improved health outcomes. Many scales have been developed to measure empathy in health care professionals and students. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) has been widely used. This study was designed to examine the psychometric properties and the theoretical structure of the...
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Medical educators attempt to create reliable and valid tests and questionnaires in order to enhance the accuracy of their assessment and evaluations. Validity and reliability are two fundamental elements in the evaluation of a measurement instrument. Instruments can be conventional knowledge, skill or attitude tests, clinical simulations or survey...
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One of the key goals of assessment in medical education is the minimisation of all errors influencing a test in order to produce an observed score which approaches a learner's 'true' score, as reliably and validly as possible. In order to achieve this, assessors need to be aware of the potential biases that can influence all components of the asses...
Article
Sexual history-taking is a basic medical skill that is traditionally taught poorly in medical school. Practising medical professionals have frequently reported feeling inadequately trained at taking these histories or discussing sexual risk. In order to promote and enhance the learning of this basic skill, those who teach sexual history-taking need...
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It has been well documented that effective empathic communication in the context of patient care is associated with improved health care outcomes. However, the emphasis given to empathy in medical education in Iran is limited, and the state of such teaching is unknown in many countries. To determine the psychometric properties of an Iranian transla...
Article
Rahimi-Madiseh M, Tavakol M, Dennick R. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010; 16: 478–483 A quantitative study of Iranian nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards pain: Implication for education It is well documented that pain management and pain assessment is an indispensible part of the nursing care of patients. This study soug...
Article
In one study of a traditional medical school curriculum four out of five doctors thought that there was too much clinically irrelevant, factual biochemistry in their undergraduate medical education. It is difficult to learn and integrate information when it is presented out of context and at inappropriate times. Surface learning can only be used to...
Article
In recent years, emphasis in multicultural education has shifted from an approach in which the primary concern is coping with the learning problems thrown up by cultural diversity (thereby assisting children to be assimilated into the dominant culture) to an approach that accepts and actively promotes cultural diversity. However, some have argued t...
Article
Problem-based learning (PBL) is one of the most researched areas of medical education; numerous studies and meta-analyses have examined its overall effectiveness compared with that of traditional methods. Fewer studies have looked at the processes occurring within the PBL group, considering that a key difference between PBL and traditional teaching...
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There is a growing amount of literature on the benefits and drawbacks of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) compared to conventional curricula. However, it seems that PBL research studies do not provide information rigorously and formally that can contribute to making evidence-based medical education decisions. The authors performed an investigation aime...
Article
A wide variety of countries are seeking to attract international medical students. This could be due to the fact that their universities not only receive the economic benefit from these students, but also because they recognise the issues of cultural diversity and pedagogical practice. This review paper draws on literature to understand more fully...
Article
Since 1993 the Medical School at the University of Nottingham has developed the Teaching Improvement Project (TIPS) which provides training in basic teaching techniques for medical educators. It uses a significant proportion of 'microteaching' during which participants make 10-minute presentations which are videotaped and analysed. Forty-five cours...
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There is evidence that males and females differ in their attainment on a variety of assessments in general and in medical education. It has been suggested that the True-False-Abstain (TFA) format with negative marking is biased against females. Eight years worth of examination data from the first two years of an undergraduate medical curriculum was...
Article
In this guide, the authors outline the advantages of online eAssessment and examine the intellectual, technical, legal and cost issues that arise from its use. This guide outlines the major assessment types that are suitable for online assessment and makes a key distinction between formative and summative assessment. The focus is primarily on the l...
Article
Purpose As the use of SMART PHONE [mobile + personal digital assistant (PDA)] technology is on the increase, this study tried to analyze the attitude towards mobile learning amongst ophthalmic tutors and medical students and the impact of learning styles on the uptake of newer learning technologies Methods Fourth year medical students undertaking t...
Article
The Royal College of Radiologists recently published documents setting out guidelines to improve the teaching of radiology to medical students. These included recommendations that clinicians who teach radiology should be aware of newer educational techniques, such as problem-based learning, and should be involved in the development of curricula and...
Article
Much is still to be learned about the assessment of simulation-based surgical skills training. However, assessing surgery skills through simulation is a new horizon in medical education. Providing a safe environment for surgical residents to assess their performance rigorously without placing patients in jeopardy is valuable. Using simulators (both...
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In our Medical School at the University of Nottingham we have been running the Teaching Improvement Project (TIPs) course for over fifteen years, and have taught basic teaching skills and an introduction to some assessment concepts to well over a thousand doctors and others during that time. However, the demand for an easily available course direct...
Article
—Cholesterol, desmostcrol and squalene-2(3)-epoxide-lanostcrol cyclase were assayed in various regions of human foetal brain from 10 to 22 weeks gestation. The cerebellum, thalamus and hypothalamus, and the ‘remainder’ of the brain were analysed. The proportion of desmosterol to cholesterol was highest in the thalamus and hypothalamus and lowest in...
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To develop learning outcomes for an ideal MSc in sports and exercise medicine. Twenty nine learning outcomes were developed based on the learning outcomes, aims, and objectives of current sports medicine courses, occupational standards, and other related data. Using a Likert scale, the opinion of MSc/Dip course directors in the United Kingdom, Irel...
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This paper reports on consultants' self-assessed changes in their teaching and training practices over an 8-10-month period. It compares the changes between a group undergoing a 3-day teaching course (participants) and a sample group taken from the course waiting list (controls). A questionnaire listing 18 teaching skills was given to the participa...
Article
In order to test retention of teaching skills acquired on a two-day Teaching Improvement Project course 94 participants from 12 courses were pre-tested using a sef-evaluation questionnaire and then re-tested with the same questionnaire, between one and two years after course attendance. With a 77% post-course response rate significant differences w...
Article
Problem-based learning (PBL) was incorporated into the vocational training scheme (VTS) course for a group of 41 GP registrars (GPRs). This involved teaching the vocational trainers and the GPRs about PBL, designing PBL scenarios and then incorporating six PBL sessions into the sixmonth half-day release programme. Implementation was evaluated by me...
Article
A murine model of contact sensitization to components of poison oak or ivy urushiol oils was developed. Sensitization was effected by painting such compounds on abdominal skin, and was routinely assessed by challenging on the ears and monitoring increases in ear thickness. Sensitization to 3-heptadecylcatechol (HDC, a component of poison oak urushi...
Article
Attempts to characterize potential biologically important covalent interactions between electrophilic quinones derived from catechols present in poison oak/ivy (urushiol) and biomacromolecules have led to the analysis of model reactions involving sulfur and amino nucleophiles with 3-heptadecylbenzoquinone. Characterization of the reaction products...
Article
Monoclonal antibodies directed against one spontaneously arising rat mammary carcinoma and a human osteogenic sarcoma have been prepared following the fusion of spleen cells from appropriately immunised donors with mouse myeloma cells. The characteristics of these antibodies have been analysed and methods for their purification have been developed...
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The BJC is owned by Cancer Research UK, a charity dedicated to understanding the causes, prevention and treatment of cancer and to making sure that the best new treatments reach patients in the clinic as quickly as possible. The journal reflects these aims. It was founded more than fifty years ago and, from the start, its far-sighted mission was to...
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I.p. immunization with gamma-irradiated hepatoma cells induces resistance to s.c. tumour-cell challenge in syngeneic WAB/Not rats. Mild heat treatment of these cells (greater than 41 degrees C for 30 min) destroyed this immunoprotective effect, but did not abolish tumour-specific antibody production in treated rats. The binding of syngeneic and all...
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gamma-Irradiated rat hepatoma cells are immunogenic in syngeneic WAB/Not rats, so that immunized animals are protected against tumour-cell challenge and circulating tumour-specific antibody is produced. Treatment of the immunizing cells with glutaraldehyde at concentrations of 0.001% or greater for 30 min rendered these cells non-protective in tumo...
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1. Monoamine oxidase from rat and human liver was purified to homogeneity by the criterion of polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. 2. The enzyme activity was extracted from mitochondrial preparations by Triton X-100. The enzyme was purified by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation followed by chromatography on DEAE-cellu...
Article
A number of affinity columns based on diazonium coupled tyramine as the ligand and have studied the effects of varying the chain length of the spacer arm, the absence of ligand and the effect of glycerol on the binding of monoamine oxidase in Triton X 100 extracts of rat liver mitochondria.
Article
1. Introduction Desmosterol(24-dehydrocholesterol) is found in the developing brains of many species but is absent, or present at low levels, in the mature nervous system [ 1 ] . In particular, the highest levels are detected just prior to and during the early stages of myelination and loss of desmosterol, with concomitant increase in cholesterol,...
Article
Abstract— Squalene-2(3)-epoxide-lanosterol cyclase activity has been studied in cell-free extracts of developing rat brain. The enzyme is microsomal and is not stimulated by the addition of 100,000 g supernatant fluid. It is activated by deoxycholate in a manner similar to that of the liver cyclase. It is not inhibited by nicotinamide over a wide r...
Article
Cholesterol, an essential component of the central myelin sheath, is synthesized in large quantities during myelination in the central nervous system. However, in rat brain prior to and during the early stages of myelination desmosterol accumulates in significant amounts (Fumagalli and Paoletti, 1963; Kritchevsky and Holmes, 1962)
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Full-text available
Guía dirigida a profesores que se inician en la práctica pedagógica en la Universidad. Se desvelan preguntas cómo el por qué tienen que ser tan diferentes los estilos de Enseñanza en Pequeños Grupos (EPG) de los utilizados en las clases convencionales y cómo ha de adaptarse el estilo docente del profesor. Los contenidos nucleares de la Enseñanza en...

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