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June 2006 - October 2015
Publications
Publications (103)
Background
Nearly 20% of women will be confronted with anxiety or depressive disorders during the perinatal period and this may lead to adverse outcomes for both mother and child. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the psychological intervention with the most empirical support for the clinical management of anxiety and depressive disorders. Anx...
Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the prevalence of disruptive mood dysregulation disorders (DMDD) in community-based and clinical populations.
Methods
PubMed and PsychINFO databases were searched, using terms specific to DMDD, for studies of prevalence and comorbidity rates conducted in youths below 18.
Results
Fourte...
Background
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders in Canada. Viable therapy options for the treatment of SAD include CBT being delivered virtually. In Australia, an innovative internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for social anxiety has been developed, implemented, and demonstrated as e...
While youths with intellectual disability (ID) have increased vulnerability for depressive disorders, cognitive problems and combined functional barriers make them less prone to receive adequate treatments. A systematic review of the literature was conducted (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022347703) based on several databases from 1980 to 2022...
The Signature Biobank is a longitudinal repository of biospecimen, psychological, sociodemographic, and diagnostic data that was created in 2012. The Signature Consortium represents a group of approximately one hundred Quebec-based transdisciplinary clinicians and research scientists with various expertise in the field of psychiatry. The objective...
Objective
The aim of this study was to explore consensus among clinicians and researchers on how to assess and treat Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD).
Methods
The Delphi method was used to organize data collected from an initial sample of 23 child psychiatrists and psychologists. Three rounds of closed/open questions were needed to ac...
Introduction
The high level of emotional problems in youths placed in foster care contrasts with the limited use of evidence-based treatments. This study aims to better characterize the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of foster care youths with mood disorders.
Methods
A secondary analysis of data collected in the context of a French-Can...
Patients with mood disorders are at high risk of suicidality, and emergency departments (ED) are essential in the management of this risk. This study aims to (1) describe the suicidal thoughts and behaviours of patients with mood disorders who come to ED; (2) assess the psychometric properties of the Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R...
Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most prevalent mental health problems in adolescents, however, little is known about the strategies they use to deal with their difficulties and regain power over their symptoms. This exploratory study documented the self-management strategies used by adolescents to recover from difficulties related to anxie...
Background
Studies report a growing tendency for students to experience state anxiety in schools. However, the combination of individual susceptibilities likely to trigger students’ anxious states remains unclear.
Aims
This study examined whether distinct profiles of students emerge regarding their susceptibility to anxiety sensitivity and/or test...
Almost half (48,5%) of all individuals who die by suicide visited the Emergency Department (ED) in the year preceding their death by suicide and for almost a third (29,5%) of these individuals, the ED visit occurred within the month preceding their death by suicide. The ED is a key location for suicide prevention. The aim of this study was to devel...
In Quebec, nearly 3 persons still take their own lives every day, even though this number has been declining since 2000. Several institutional and community actors are involved in suicide prevention and several initiatives have contributed to the reduction of suicide rates. Despite this hard work, additional efforts are needed to intensify service...
Objectives
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a new DSM-5 diagnosis. It is observed in youths and is characterized by chronic irritability and temper outbursts. This study aimed (i) to develop a brief questionnaire administered during a semi-structured interview and (ii) to assess its psychometric properties with adolescents 12–15 yea...
Background and Objective: State anxiety, trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity and test anxiety are four related but distinct normative anxiety forms that may co-occur amongst youth. The main objective of this study was to assess whether these anxiety forms vary as a function of age and/or presence of stressful school periods. Design and Methods: In t...
Introduction
In response to the treatment gap for anxiety and depressive disorders, psychological treatments with innovative modalities and high implementation potential are essential. Internet CBT (iCBT) is a cost/effective approach that could improve access to a low-intensity evidence-based CBT intervention.
Objectives
To assess the feasibility...
Objective
Assessing global functioning in psychiatric emergency settings is important for clinicians to estimate severity of mental disorders, devise a treatment plan, and assess the evolution of their patients’ progression over time. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2.0 (WHODAS-2) measures psychological, social, and pro...
Stress associated with caring for a mentally ill spouse can adversely affect the health status of caregivers and their children. Adding to the stress of caregiving is the stigma often placed against spouses and children of people with mental illness. Contrary to mental illness, many physical disorders such as cancer may be less stigmatized (expect...
Youth homelessness is a complex psychosocial problem. It refers to the experience of young people who live without their parents or legal guardians and who do not have the means or the capacity to reside in a stable, secure, and permanent place. This exploratory study sought to examine the mental health and suicidal behaviour of 76 homeless Québec...
Objective. Assessing global functioning in psychiatric emergency settings is important for clinicians to estimate severity of mental disorders, devise a treatment plan and estimate progression over time. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2.0 (WHODAS-2) measures psychological, social and professional functioning and is rec...
BACKGROUND
The use of information and communications technology (ICT) in suicide prevention has progressed rapidly over the past decade. ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention but research regarding best and promising practices has lagged behind.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this paper is to scope the existing literature on ICT use in suicide preven...
Background:
The use of information and communications technology (ICT) in suicide prevention has progressed rapidly over the past decade. ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention but research regarding best and promising practices has lagged behind.
Objective:
The aim of this paper is to scope the existing literature on ICT use in suicide pr...
Une intervention psychothérapeutique protocolisée a été mise au point par Stanley et associés pour aider à prévenir de futurs comportements suicidaires chez les personnes qui ont déjà fait une tentative de suicide. Le plan de sécurité (PS) fournit aux suicidants une planification écrite, personnalisée, étape par étape, des stratégies de protection...
Résumé
Introduction
Le suicide chez les adolescents est un problème de santé publique majeur, en particulier chez ceux présentant un trouble de personnalité limite (TPL). L’étude des facteurs de protection tels que les raisons de vivre est novatrice sur cette question. Notre objectif était d’analyser les caractéristiques des conduites suicidaires...
This study used a person-centered approach to identify subgroups of adolescents who are at risk for depression and suicidal ideation. Latent class analysis was first applied to 1,290 adolescents from a Canadian cohort study in order to identify latent vulnerability subtypes based on 18 psychosocial vulnerability factors. Logistic regression analyse...
Life satisfaction among homeless youth is particularly low, yet remains a poorly investigated phenomenon. This study aims to explore three positive psychological factors related to homeless youth’s life satisfaction: coping strategies, self-esteem, and social support. Seventy-four homeless adolescents from eight different shelters in Quebec (Canada...
Cette réflexion vise à dégager un sens clinique aux résultats obtenus d’une étude empirique réalisée à partir d’un vaste échantillon d’adolescents canadiens de l’ Enquête longitudinale nationale sur les enfants et les jeunes (ELNEJ). La réflexion débouche sur des interprétations voulant que les jeunes les plus vulnérables aux symptômes dépressifs f...
Le Dominique Interactif pour Adolescents-Révisé (DIA-R) est un instrument multimédia et auto-administré par les adolescents. Le DIA-R a été conçu pour dépister la dépression, plusieurs autres problèmes intériorisés ou extériorisés, les traits de la personnalité limite et la suicidalité. Cet instrument permet aussi d’évaluer la comorbidité entre dif...
Background:
Although the disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) was included in the depressive disorders (DD) section of the DSM-5, common and distinctive features between DMDD and the pre-existing DD (i.e., major depressive disorder, MDD, and persistent depressive disorder, PDD) received little scrutiny.
Methods:
Youths consecutively ass...
Introduction
La thérapie comportementale dialectique (TCD) propose une approche novatrice de la problématique de l’agir chez les sujets présentant un Trouble de Personnalité Limite (TPL) [1], [2]. Des programmes de TCD ont été adaptés aux adolescents avec des résultats très encourageants [3], [4]. Notre objectif principal en 2015 était de réaliser...
Contexte. Les jeunes en situation d’itinérance constituent une population particulièrement vulnérable. D’une part, la prévalence des comportements suicidaires est élevée et le suicide représente la première cause de mortalité chez ces jeunes (Roy et al., 2004). Dans cette population, les études ont principalement examiné les facteurs de risque alor...
Background: Homeless youth are a population at risk for suicidal behavior. Despite growing knowledge about risk factors, protective factors against suicidal behavior among this population are still poorly understood. Aims: To explore differences in coping and social support between homeless adolescents who attempted suicide and those who did not. M...
Objective:
To examine the clinical characteristics of adolescent girls consulting in a mood disorder clinic with a history of physical or sexual abuse.
Method:
A retrospective review was conducted of the charts of 55 adolescent girls consulting in a mood disorder clinic. An analysis grid was used to gather data on demographics, personal antecede...
Résultat préliminaire du projet Traumakine. Description de l’échantillon et association entre idées suicidaires et TNF-alpha.
L’évaluation du fonctionnement global offre un outil précieux pour juger de la sévérité des troubles psychiatriques. Le World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS-2) est un questionnaire qui évalue le fonctionnement global et qui, depuis peu, est recommandé par le comité d’experts du DSM-5 comme instrument standardisé en m...
Résumé
Contexte
La thérapie comportementale dialectique (TCD) a été développée par Linehan, puis adaptée aux adolescents par Miller (TCD-A). La littérature actuelle soutient l’utilisation de la TCD pour les jeunes ayant des conduites suicidaires et/ou auto-agressives non-suicidaires. Cependant, aucune étude n’a été publiée sur la faisabilité et la...
This study characterized the environmental conditions and biological profile of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicidal behavior (SB) who are admitted in the psychiatric emergency room. The study is based on the Signature Bank, a biopsychosocial bank collected and stored from people with mental health problems. The bank is locate...
Introduction
Chart review is a low-cost, but highly informative, method to describe symptoms, treatment, and risk factors associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and to adapt screening and intervention to clinical reality. Previous chart review studies report more aggressiveness/anger and psychotic features in youths with BPD. They sh...
Objectives:
The Dominic Interactive for Adolescents-Revised (DIA-R) is a multimedia self-report screen for 9 mental disorders, borderline personality traits, and suicidality defined by the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). This study aimed to examine the reliability and the validity of this instrum...
De nombreuses etudes en neuroimagerie fonctionnelle (IRMf) menees chez les adultes presentant un trouble de personnalite limite (TPL) convergent pour identifier un patron d’activation neuronale, notamment fronto-limbique, different de celui active chez les adultes sans TPL lors des tâches de visualisation d’images emotionnelles. A ce jour, aucune e...
Cette etude transversale vise a determiner la force d’association entre cinq categories de syndromes du DSM-5 et les idees suicidaires en fonction de l’âge et du sexe. Quatre cent soixante-quatre jeunes âges de 12 a 15 ans en contexte scolaire (237 filles; 227 garcons) et 141 adolescents en milieu clinique (62 filles et 79 garcons) de Montreal part...
Objective:
DSM-5 has added a new developmentally appropriate child and adolescent mood disorder subtype called disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). The core features of DMDD are temper outbursts (manifested by either verbal rages and/or physical aggression) and unrelenting irritability or anger. Currently, the literature is lacking a tho...
Résumé
Les traitements cognitivo-comportementaux (CB) sont parmi les interventions basées sur des connaissances scientifiques reconnues pour traiter la dépression et d’autres troubles chez les adolescents. Toutefois, leur efficacité à réduire les comportements suicidaires et autodestructeurs parmi cette population demeure équivoque. Les auteurs ont...
To assess the reliability of French versions of the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS), the Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (RFL-A), and the Spirituality Scale (SS); to examine the construct validity of these psychometric instruments; and to determine their convergent validity with French versions of the Life Events Questionnaire for Adoles...
To assess risk and protective factors for suicidality at 6-month follow-up in adolescent inpatients after a suicide attempt.
One hundred seven adolescents from 5 inpatient units who had a suicide attempt were seen at 6-month follow-up. Baseline measures included sociodemographics, mood and suicidality, dependence, borderline symptomatology, tempera...
To examine whether protective factors in the Protection for Adolescent Depression Study (PADS) moderate the impact of stressful events on depression and suicidal behaviour in the community and a clinical setting; and to study the influence of sex.
Participants were 283 adolescents from the community and 119 from a mood disorder clinic in Montreal....
A multisite study was undertaken to advance our understanding of how coping skills, depression, and suicidal ideation are related among adolescents who attempt suicide. Two hypotheses were postulated: productive coping and nonproductive coping would be associated, respectively, with lower and higher depression scores when age, sex, and stressful li...
To compare the coping strategies of adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) to the coping strategies of adolescents without BPD, and to explore the association of coping with suicidal ideation and attempts among adolescents with BPD.
Adolescent inpatients (n = 167) aged 13 to 17 years were admitted after suicide attempts and evaluate...
Borderline personality disorder is the most important independent suicidal risk factor during adolescence. Recently, the evaluation of suicidal risk has been studied in a different manner, with a greater emphasis on protective factors including coping strategies. This article has a dual purpose. Firstly, from the study of recent literature data, th...
La population du Québec est vieillissante. On a déjà parlé de la sexualité dans les CHSLD et, plus souvent qu’autrement, c’était un sujet qu’on passait sous silence. L’étude que nous présentons aborde à la fois les attitudes des employés et professionnels de la santé et celles des personnes âgées elles-mêmes.
This study examines the psychological factors associated with formal and informal help-seeking behaviour after a recent negative life event in adolescents 14-17 years old. A sample of 126 adolescents attending secondary schools completed the Life Events Questionnaire (Newcomb), the Beck Depression Inventory, the Temperament and Character Inventory...
Smartphones may be on the verge of becoming a therapeutic adjunct and a useful adjunct to the treatment of depressed and suicidal persons. A Canadian research team has developed a mobile application for this client group. @Psy ASSISTANCE performs a variety of functions: it is a source of information, provides therapeutic support, collects data and...
BACKGROUND: Studies indicate that a dysfunctional attributional style, problem-solving deficits and hopelessness place youths at risk of developing suicidal thoughts and engaging in suicidal behaviour. However, in the realm of suicidality in adolescent, no study has examined the linkages between these three cognitive variables and suicidal ideation...
Studied the effectiveness of a personal goal-based intervention offered to retirees aged 55 yrs and older to increase their subjective well-being. The final sample consisted of 158 males and females (mean age 64 yrs) in Canada, who were divided into 3 groups: (1) intervention, (2) information meetings, or (3) waiting list. Intervention Ss were taug...
Although children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD) are at elevated risk for suicide, little research to date has been conducted on suicidality in this population. The purpose of this descriptive review of the past 10 years of scientific literature on suicidality in youths with BD was to identify the risk and protective factors associated...
Background: Thousands of children are bereaved each year by suicide, yet there exists very little literature specifically on the psychological care, programs, and interventions available to help them. Aims: (1) To build and validate theoretical models for the Group Therapy Program for Children Bereaved by Suicide (PCBS); (2) to test these models in...
Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the difference in gender for coping and suicidality among homeless youths. Method: 76 homeless youths from 8 different shelters in Quebec responded to questions about their suicidal behavior and to the Adolescent Coping Scale of Frydenberg. Results: Analysis indicate that females were more suicidal...
This retrospective chart review of 100 children and adolescents attending a mood disorder clinic aims to describe the demographic, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics of young outpatients with a history of physical or sexual abuse. Data were collected using a grid analysis. Youth with a history of abuse were compared to never abused patients....
To describe the clinical characteristics of depressed children and adolescents according to age groups and sex.
A retrospective chart review study was conducted on 75 youths aged 6-17 years referred for depressive disorders to child psychiatry in 2002-2003. Descriptive statistics and tests of association were completed to compare boys aged 6-11 yea...
Background:
Findings from three decades of epidemiological studies suggest that media diffusion of stories about suicide is related to increases in suicidal behaviours in the population exposed to the media reports. However, we still know little about the psychological processes and personal vulnerabilities that prompt some people to engage in sui...
This article presents, through a review of the scientific and clinical literature, the state of the situation regarding child suicide survivors and the help to provide this specific group. It also presents a detailed description of two innovative experiences in the field: the Programme de thérapie de groupe pour enfants endeuillés par suicide (grou...
Reviews the book,
Psychothérapie cognitive de la dépression, 3e édition (Cognitive psychotherapy for depression, 3rd edition) by Ivy Marie Blackburn and Jean Cottraux (2008). This third edition of the first French-language book about cognitive psychotherapy for depression permits to immerse the work of professor Beck. This classical work aims to b...
The case of a bipolar 17-year-old girl who developed prolonged vivid hallucinations and a dissociative state involving self-destructive behaviour following the use of Salvia divinorum is presented. The herb has mostly short-term (10–15 min) hallucinogenic properties. Salvatorin A, the main active compound, is a highly selective agonist of the kappa...
In a previous report, we hypothesized that responses to placebo were high in child and adolescent depression because of specific psychopathological factors associated with youth major depression. The purpose of this study was to compare the placebo response rates in pharmacological trials for major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive di...
The Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (SRAS; nine items) is useful in correctional settings but needed further validation. First, 44 inmates originally screened as suicidal with the SRAS were evaluated by institutional psychologists according to five criteria: suicidal urgency, risk, appropriateness of referral, need for short- or long-term watch. On t...
Despite research indicating that suicidal ideation is strongly related to future suicide attempts, there is limited data on variables associated with continued suicidal ideation and behaviors in adolescents. The objective of this study is to investigate whether personal, cognitive and family risk factors can differentiate adolescent suicidal ideati...
This study evaluated the role of control and efficacy expectations in the thoughts of life and death of 50 male and 50 female university students and investigated sex differences in this regard. It followed a correlational design and employed measures of tridimensional locus of control, expectations of academic efficacy, thoughts of life and death....
The right to self-determination is central to the current debate on rational suicide in old age. The goal of this exploratory study was to assess the presence of self-determination in suicidal institutionalized elderly persons. Eleven elderly persons with serious suicidal ideations were matched according to age, sex, and civil status with 11 nonsui...
Studied the relation of psychological well-being, anxiety, depression, and stress in 278 male and female older adults (mean age 63.7 yrs) in Canada. Data on sociodemographic variables and clinical and psychological symptoms were obtained by questionnaire. The State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Mental Status Scale (M. F. Folstein et al, 1975), the G...
Comme intervenant professionnel, quelle aide convient-il d’offrir au jeune suicidant consultant ? Des résultats d’une étude exploratoire sont d’abord présentés pour illustrer les propos de vingt-quatre jeunes quant à leur demande d’aide formelle (contexte, recours et satisfaction) avant de faire leur tentative de suicide. Ces résultats sont ensuite...
This chapter describes three studies on personal goals in old age. The first investigated the relations between the temporal extension of goals and well-being in 708 French Canadian Ss (aged 65–90 yrs) while the second examined the relations between goal content and elderly persons' (retired individuals, mean age 58 yrs) well being. Results of both...
