Raul Arizaga

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) belongs to a heterogeneous group of highly complex neurodegenerative diseases and represents the second cause of presenile dementia in individuals under 65. Frontotemporal-TDP is a subgroup of frontotemporal dementia characterized by the aggregation of abnormal protein deposits, predominantly transactive res...

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) belongs to a heterogeneous group of highly complex neurodegenerative diseases and represents the second cause of presenile dementia in individuals under 65. Frontotemporal-TDP is a subgroup of frontotemporal dementia characterized by the aggregation of abnormal protein deposits, predominantly transactive res...

Objective: To validate the MoCA in the elderly and study its usefulness in MCI and MD. Methods: This study included 399 individuals over 60 years old evaluated in the Cognitive-Behavioral Department (2017-2018). Patients with<3 years of education, sensory disturbances, psychiatric disorders, or moderate-severe dementia were excluded. The control g...

In this paper, we investigated two subjects with superior memory, or hyper memory: Solomon Shereshevsky, who was followed clinically for years by A. R. Luria, and Funes the Memorious, a fictional character created by J. L. Borges. The subjects possessed hyper memory, synaesthesia and symptoms of what we now call autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). We...

Resumen Introducción La enfermedad de Alzheimer constituye la principal causa de demencia en el mundo. No se ha determinado completamente el rol de la nutrición en la prevención de este o de otros tipos de demencia. Objetivos Se realiza esta revisión sistemática con el fin de analizar la evidencia y formular recomendaciones prácticas sobre nutric...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia in an economic and socially vulnerable population from Argentina. METHODS: A door-to-door observational population-based survey among adults over 60 years of cognitive impairment and dementia in the social vulnerable area of the Matanza R...

METHODS: In a door-to-door survey, trained high school students evaluated 1453 individuals aged 60 years and over in one day using a demographic data and risk factors questionnaire, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). RESULTS: Mean age of the individuals was 70.9 (±7.5) years, 61.4% were women...

Cognitive impairment may compromise driving skills and represent a public health risk by increasing traffic accidents. Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia are characterized by cognitive impairment affecting to a greater or lesser degree the instrumental activities of daily living and fitness to drive. The Argentine Neurologic Society Working Gro...

Cognitive impairment and dementia treatment costs are significant for health systems. According to national and international guidelines, recommended drugs for treatment of dementias are cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) and memantine. Despite these guidelines recommendations, other nootropics, vasodilators and antiox...

The symptomatic predementia phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical and neuropsychological condition which defines the transitional state between normal aging and dementia, and is used as a clinical description of people at risk of developing AD. A review of the diagnostic criteria of MCI due to Alz...

In 2006, the Argentine Neurological Society Research Group on Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neurosciences published the first Clinical Practice Guideline on Alzheimer's Disease to be consulted in Argentina and eventually in other countries in Latin America.The present Guideline is a review of the state of the art concerning the 2010 knowledge...

Cognitive impairment has a significant medical, social and economic impact. In the aging population there is an increase in the incidence of age-related, chronic, not transmissible pathologies. Among them, an outstanding place is occupied by entities that affect the brain and cause cognitive and behavioral disorders. Neurodegeneration, the main cau...

Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (>or=5%) in certain Asian and Latin American co...

While two thirds of the 24 million people with dementia worldwide live in low and middle income countries, very little research has been conducted to support policy making in these regions. Among the non-communicable diseases, dementia (in common with other chronic NCDs linked more to long-term disability than to mortality) has been relatively unde...

Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (≥5%) in certain Asian and Latin American count...

Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (≥5%) in certain Asian and Latin American count...

The criterion for dementia implicit in DSM-IV is widely used in research but not fully operationalised. The 10/66 Dementia Research Group sought to do this using assessments from their one phase dementia diagnostic research interview, and to validate the resulting algorithm in a population-based study in Cuba. The criterion was operationalised as a...

In the present chapter, that is part of a more comprehensive work performed by the Argentine Consortium for Dementia Study - Consortium Argentino para el Estudio de la Demencia (CAED), we describe the most frequent forms of beginning for the four more prevalent types of dementia: Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia and...

There is no previous information about economic costs of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in South America. The objective of this study was to evaluate the costs of AD in Argentina. Eighty community-dwelling patients, 20 institutionalized AD patients and their respective primary caregivers, and 25 healthy elderly subjects participated in this study. The co...

Latin America, China and India are experiencing unprecedentedly rapid demographic ageing with an increasing number of people with dementia. The 10/66 Dementia Research Group's title refers to the 66% of people with dementia that live in developing countries and the less than one tenth of population-based research carried out in those settings. This...

Demographic ageing is proceeding especially rapidly in Latin America. Those aged 65 years and over will increase from 33.3 million (6% of the total population) in 2005 to 56.3 million (8.5%) in 2020 and 110.2 million (14.7%) in 2040. A recent review drew attention to the relatively small number of population-based studies of dementia in Latin Ameri...

Patients with Alzheimer's disease need assistance and supervision of their daily activities. They survive for protracted periods of time, placing an extensive burden of care on the caregiver prior to the patient's death. The present study addressed the predictive value of behavior-related burden on Alzheimer's disease caregivers. 82 patients with p...

The cerebellum has been traditionally associated with motor control learning and performance. However, since 1970 a growing body of clinical and experimental evidences has suggested that the cerebellum may be involved in nonmotor cognitive functions as well. To explore the presence of eventual cognitive impairment in non-demented patients with isol...

Dementia and cognitive impairment epidemiological data are scarce in Latin America. Ceibo Study is dementia and cognitive impairment population based study in people 60 and over that will be performed in Cañuelas (a city in Buenos Aires Province). Present communication shows results of the First Phase pilot study (cognitive impairment screening). M...

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) was proposed as an umbrella term to include subjects affected with any degree of cognitive impairment resulting from cerebrovascular disease (CVD), ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to vascular dementia. VCI may or may not exclude the host of “focal” circumscribed impairments of specialized functions s...

Background: Population aging is a process that is especially accelerated in some parts of the world. Latin America has to confront population "graying" in the context of an emerging economy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic cost of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD patients (NINCDS-ADRDA) and their resp...

Research has repeatedly shown effects of age and education in neuropsychological tests performance. The goal of the present study is to present percentilar norms, according to age and years of formal education, in a short portable neuropsychological battery administered to a sample of normal older adults in the City of Buenos Aires (n = 136). The b...

Donepezil has shown to be well tolerated and to improve cognition and global function in patients with mild to moderately severe Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The current trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with mild to moderately severe AD in Argentina. The study was an open label, 12-week protocol desig...

We have sought to adapt and validate a NART-like Spanish test, the Word Accentuation Test (WAT: Del Ser, Montalvo, Espinosa, Villapalos, & Bermejo, 1997) to estimate acquired intelligence in local normal older adults. The test requires examinees to read aloud infrequent, irregularly stressed Spanish words, a situation that presumably requires lexic...

Population aging is a process that is especially accelerated in some parts of the world. One example is in Latin America. As with other developing regions, Latin America has to confront population "graying" in the context of an emerging economy. As a result of this and of their health history, the prevalence and incidence of age-related pathologies...

Latin-American countries are expected to experience an expansion of the elderly population, as life expectancy increases. We reviewed the literature to determine the frequency of dementia in our region and surveyed selected Latin-American countries to determine the availability of diagnostic and treatment services and long-term care facilities. Lat...

It is well know that dementia, a clinical syndrome characterized by an acquired and persistent loss of intellect, is not a single entity or the outcome of one specific etiology. It should be noted, however, that within the dementia syndrome, some distinctive profiles of cognitive impairment are associated with different etiologies (Ross et al., 199...

SUMMARY Alzheimer's Disease is a degenerative dementia with different cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric and functional symptoms since onset. These distinct cognitives profiles support the heterogeneity of the disease and the highly variable rate of progression of it. The knowledge of these subtipes of clinical presentation will help to homogei- ne...

SUMMARY Dementia is a clinical syndrome that begins with a progressive memory loss and advances to a complete cognitive impairment with behavioral and functional impairment. Around the world life expectancy has increased and so does the risk to develop a dementia syndrome and it is becoming to be a very serious public health problem. In most of the...

Summary Background: The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is one of the most widely used tools for the screening of cognitive impairment. The informal use in our country of non validated and poorly translated versions of the MMSE to Latin American Spanish language is widespread and presumably this fact further increases some of the uncertainties...

are scarce in Latin America. Ceibo Study is dementia and cognitive impairment population based study in peo- ple 60 and over that will be performed in Cañuelas (a city in Buenos Aires Province). Present communication shows results of the First Phase pilot study (cognitive impairment screening). Material and method: 1453 indi- viduals, door to door...