Ratnakumar Pasala

Indian Council of Agricultural Research | ICAR · Indian Institute of Oilseeds Researh

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University during rabi, 2022 and 2023 to study the impact of mid-season moisture stress (40-80 DAS) on yield attributes and quality traits of groundnut genotypes. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with factor...

Background Only scattered information is available on the tillage and nutrient management information for the sesame crop following rice in the literature. Sesame as an edible oil yielding crop with high levels of unsaturated fatty acids has high international demand due to superior health benefits. Being a small seeded crop, it requires standard t...

Speed breeding (SB) technology is an innovative solution to shorten the breeding cycle and accelerate crop improvement. The key factors of plant growth and development, including photoperiod, light intensity and quality, temperature, relative humidity, planting density and plant nutrition are manipulated in such a way as to stimulate flowering and...

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University during rabi, 2022 and 2023 to study the effect of mid-season moisture stress on fatty acid composition of groundnut genotypes. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with factorial concept with tw...

A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 108 rhizobacterial isolates collected from different Oilseed rhizospheres against the wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ricini and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis under in vitro conditions. Among the 108 isolates tested, four isolates were reported to inhibit the radial growth of F...

Sesame is an important oilseed crop, and the crop yields frequently fluctuate as the crop is largely grown in rainfed and low-fertile lands. Limited water availability negatively affects many physiological processes and the final productivity of sesame. Limited work has been carried out in the past to understand the role of plant growth regulators...

Jasmonic Acid (JA), Salicylic Acid (SA) and its derivatives are important phytohormones that play fundamental roles in the plant defence mechanisms against various biotic and abiotic stresses. These hormones are essential in enabling plants to respond and adapt to challenging environmental conditions. They serve as key players in various plant sign...

A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of 108 rhizobacterial isolates collected from different Oilseed rhizospheres against the wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ricini and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis under in vitro conditions. Among the 108 isolates 449 tested, four isolates were reported to inhibit the radial growth...

Rice crops experience biotic (weeds) and abiotic stress (drought) at early in the season when the plants are most susceptible to weed competition, which results in oxidative stress in rice. Oxidative stress is an important factor that could decrease plant yield. The main aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical, physiological, and yield...

A study was conducted to determine the source and sink relationship in multicapsule genotypes of sesame. Thirty-six multicapsule genotypes along with two single capsule genotypes as checks were used in this study. Data on source characters such as number of leaf axils, leaf area, SPAD chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, plant height, stem girth was r...

Oilseeds with high productivity and tolerance to various environmental stresses are in high demand in the food and industrial sectors. Safflower, grown under residual moisture in the semi-arid tropics, is adapted to moisture stress at certain levels. However, a substantial reduction in soil moisture has a significant impact on its productivity. The...

Soil moisture deficit is the major constraint for sesame crop production during its main rainfed and summer cultivation seasons. In summer cultivation, the crop frequently gets exposed to soil moisture deficit at various crop growth stages. Therefore, it is essential to identify the traits along with promising genotypes adapted to soil moisture def...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop cultivated since the ancient past for its healthy and quality oil. However, it is only in the recent past that modern genomic tools have been developed in sesame and deployed in sesame crop improvement. Knowledge of biotechnological tools and techniques developed in sesame in the post-genomic...

Sesame is an indeterminate oilseed crop where yield is determined by source and its capacity for synthesis and mobilization of photosynthates. Knowledge of the existing relation between source and sink and its validation under deficit soil moisture conditions is limited in sesame. Therefore, experiments were conducted using 25 sesame genotypes with...

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a "miracle of the tropics," is a critical component of the approaches to alleviate poverty, hunger, and malnutrition and increase livelihood security. Its high inherent photosynthetic efficiency and ability to sustain growth in challenging environments make it a potential food and nutrition security crop. However...

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a "miracle of the tropics," is a critical component of the approaches to alleviate poverty, hunger, and malnutrition and increase livelihood security. Its high inherent photosynthetic efficiency and ability to sustain growth in challenging environments make it a potential food and nutrition security crop. However...

Background The chlorophyll content is susceptible to deficit moisture stress and may affect the plant yield. Leaf chlorophyll content is directly related to tolerance and higher productivity under deficit moisture stress (WS). The SPAD meter is an excellent tool for rapid analysis of crop chlorophyll content. Therefore, establishing a relationship...

Plants in their innate environment are challenged by several abiotic stresses viz., extremes of water and temperatures in general and in certain specified environments, salinity, heavy metal, and UV radiations either alone or in combination leading to crop yield penalty worldwide. Breeding approaches either through conventional or non-conventional...

Among the different abiotic stress, drought is one of the most significant abiotic factors that have a negative impact on crop growth and production. In Telangana, post-rainy season grown mungbean frequently experiences drought at different growth stages and are altered pigment synthesis and metabolic processes. The present investigation was formul...

The potential yield of the sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) crop is difficult to realize as the crop is prone to water-limited conditions due to the consequences of current climate change and water scarcity. Severe moisture deficit drastically affects the crop growth and yield. There is an absolute need to understand different physiological traits and d...

Oilseed crops are predominantly cultivated in water-stressed environments under marginal soils. They often encounter multiple abiotic stresses due to water, temperatures, soil salinity and other environmental factors. Oilseed crops are known for tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, the adaptability and tolerance to severe abiotic stresses are co...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), a multipurpose oilseed crop is the only cultivated species in the Carthamus genus. Carthamus spp. have been explored for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses but not for physiological efficiency. Photosynthetic traits of ten wild and ten cultivated species and six interspecific inbred lines were studied to...

The present study was aimed to analyse the cause and effect relation between the yield related traits in RIL population developed from the cross CO-1 x EC-523368-2 during rabi 2020-21. The path analysis resulted with traits number of seeds per primary capitulum, number of primary capitula per plant showing positive direct effect while days to 50% f...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) an oilseed crop predominantly cultivated under rainfed conditions in India, is very often exposed to varying intensities and frequencies of drought stress. The leaf potassium content (KC) is known to play a key role in leaf stomatal movement (a direct response to increase or decrease in the osmotic potential of the guard...

Most of the oilseeds crops are predominantly cultivated in water-stressed and hungry environments under marginal soils. These crops often encounter multiple forms of abiotic stresses caused by lack of optimum water, temperatures, soil salinity and other environmental factors. Per se oilseeds crop is known for tolerance to abiotic stress, however, t...

Sesame is predominantly cultivated in rainfed and low fertile lands and is frequently exposed to terminal drought. Sesamum species inhabiting dryland ecosystems adaptively diverge from those inhabiting rainfed habitats, and drought-specific traits have a genetic basis. In sesame, traits associated with drought conditions have not been explored to d...

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of deficit moisture stress on eleven sesame genotypes viz., IC-132171, IC-132186, IC-204445, IC-131500, IC-132207, IC-205471, IC-203962, IC-205353, IC-96229, and IC-204966 along with a national check (GT-10). The deficit moisture stress (WS) was imposed for a period of 50–55 days from flowe...

Intermittent drought is a recurrent phenomenon in several parts of the world which limits the productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under rainfed conditions. As plant roots are the primary organs to sense soil moisture depletion, this study examined root morphological traits [(rooting depth (RL), root volume (RV), and root length density (RLD...

The present investigation was framed to understand the genetics and development of conspicuous purple coloured corolla tip flower and multicapsules at axil in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) from the cross between genotypes IC-205776 (♀) × EC-118591 (♂). The conspicuous corolla lip colour is recessive in expression and under digenic control, differing...

Micronutrients are essential to plant nutrient elements after macronutrients. In addition to soil and foliar application, boron (B), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo) have been widely used for seed priming too. The foliar spray of micronutrients either as individual, specific compounds or in combination with oth...

Abiotic stresses are the serious threat for food security under climate change scenario across geographic boundaries. Production of food to meet the demands of an ever-increasing population is one of the biggest challenges to the agriculture folks. Undoubtedly, environmental stresses severely limit the development and productivity of plant as a seq...

Plant spacing manipulations affect the quality and quantity of sunlight for photosynthesis and the branching vis-à-vis crop productivity. Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different plant spacings (broadcasting, 30 x 30 cm, 45 x 30 cm and 45 x 45 cm and solid rows of 45 cm apart) in conjunction with nitrogen doses (0, 30 and 45...

Under emerging water scarcities in the face of global warming, optimization of irrigation and nutrient inputs is essential to maximize input-use efficiency. Thus, a field experiment was conducted with wheat for 2-years to evaluate the effects of N and deficit irrigations on yield formation, water productivity (WP) and nitrogen-uptake efficiency (NU...

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of ten sesame varieties viz, RT-346, RT-351, RT-127, GT-10, TKG-22, Swetha til, JCSDT-26, DS-1, YLM-66 and KMS-59 for physiological, biochemical and yield traits using randomized block design with three replications under rainfed conditions. Results showed that the varieties significantly...

Plant phenomics is a high-throughput path-breaking area that meets all the requirements for the collection of accurate, rapid and multi-faceted phenotypic data. Plant phenomics is an approach to envisage complex traits that are appropriate for selection, and provides relevant information as to why particular genotype can stand out in particular env...

A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of fertiliser N on seed fatty acid composition (palmitic,stearic, oleic and linoleic acid content) of sesame. Nitrogen (N) application had a profound effect on the fatty acidcomposition. An increase in N application from 0 to 45 kg/ha increased linoleic acid but reduced oleic acid and palmiti...

The present study was done to characterize 110 germplasm accessions including 26 released varieties for 30morphological characters and 10 agronomic characters. The qualitative data of morphological characters was subjected to estimate pair-wise dissimilarity co-efficient. The accessions got classified into 7 clusters. Seeds with brown and black coa...

Intermittent drought, seasonal temperature variations affect yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under rainfed conditions. Sesame germplasm were assessed for intermittent drought tolerance across season under field conditions. Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with leaf traits, leaf tissue moisture and CT across seasons. The i...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) an orphaned, neglected, multipurpose oilseed crop, which is least explored forsystematic research and tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as drought. Leaf K in maintaining the plant water status, stomatal regulation and plant survival when exposed to various abiotic stresses is well known. An experiment was carried out t...

Quality of sesame seed oil is superior but seed yields have stagnated at abysmally low levels. Marker-assistedgenetic improvement holds key to break the yield-barrier. Robust molecular markers are the indispensable prerequisites of marker-assisted breeding. Microsatellites are the easy-to-use and codominant molecular markers widely used across crop...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) an orphaned, neglected, multipurpose oilseed crop, which is least explored for systematic research and tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as drought. Leaf K in maintaining the plant water status, stomatal regulation, and plant survival when exposed to various abiotic stresses is well known. An experiment was carried out...

The poster describes about how microsatellite (SSR) markers were made robust and reproducible for application in Indian sesame genetic improvement.

The present study was done to characterize 110 germplasm accessions including 26 released varieties for 30 morphological characters and 10 agronomic characters. The qualitative data of morphological characters was subjected to estimate pair-wise dissimilarity coefficient. The accessions got classified into 7 clusters. Seeds with brown and black coa...

Rice fallow sesame in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha and to a limited extent in eastern Indian states, is an opportunity for horizontal expansion of sesame area and its production in the country.The productivity of sesame remains abysmally low as compared to the world average and research efforts needs to be focused to...

Assessing WU, a crucial trait under drought, along with TE and HI and their relationship with seed yield in sesame is an important research issue in drought stress adaptation. The study was carried out to estimate the genotypic and treatment interactions of structural root traits in contrasting sesame genotypes, their contribution in water extracti...

Climate change poses a challenge to sustainability of agricultural ecosystems and in turn the social and economic development, livelihoods of communities in the world and India is no exception. Sesame is an important oilseed crop that has nutritional components such as lignans (antioxidant), sesamol along with tocopherols. This crop is grown under...

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 to evaluate the performance of 10 sesame varieties viz., RT-346, RT-351, RT-127, GT-10, TKG-22, SWETHA, JCSDT-26, DS-1, YLM-66 and KMS-4-322 for morphological, physiological and yield traits under rainfed conditions in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that the va...

The beneficial element silicon (Si) is known to enhance plant tolerance against various kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little is known about its protective role for plants facing multiple stresses such as salinity and boron (B) toxicity. Therefore, the current study was planned in pots to evaluate the beneficial role of exogenous ap...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.), a drought tolerant crop, is capable of extractingmoisture fromdeeper layers ofsoil. In India, more than 80 per cent of safflower is cultivated in Vertisols of Peninsular region during post-rainy season under residual soil moisture conditions. Five Mexican varieties/breeding lines (Ciano-Lin, CCC-B4, RC-1033-L, CC...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan L. (Millsp.)] play an important role in mitigating protein malnutrition for millions of poor vegetarians living in regions of the semi-arid tropics. Abiotic stresses such as excess and limited soil moisture (water-logging and drought), heat and chilling (high and low temperature stresses),...

Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change is becoming increasingly apparent in recent years. During 2014 and 2015, India experienced trails of unusually widespread and untimely hailstorm events. The increased frequency of hailstorm events, especially in vulnerable ecosystem of Deccan Plateau region of India demanded appropriate measures to min...

Agriculture production and productivity are vulnerable to abiotic stresses. These stresses emerge due to drought, temperature extremes (heat, cold chilling/ frost), radiation (UV, ionizing radiation), floods in addition to edaphic factors which include chemical (nutrient deficiencies, excess of soluble salts, salinity, alkalinity, low pH/acid sulfa...

Plant growth and productivity are stimulated by plant bio-regulators (PBRs), which are biochemical compounds that are applied even in small quantities at appropriate plant growth stages. To enhance the productivity, particularly, PBRs are being extensively used in agriculture and horticultural crops. Though nutrient allocation and source-sink trans...

Several transformative changes like growing population, changing lifestyles, expanding urbanisation, accelerated land degradation and climate change-induced abiotic stresses are challenging the future food and nutritional security world over especially the low-income countries. All these changes necessitate development of a strategic framework for...

This book offers a state-of-the-art overview of on abiotic stresses in terms of the challenges; scope and opportunities; copping strategies for adaptation and mitigation using novel tools for building resilience in agricultural crops and livestock; as well as for policy implementation. Divided into four major parts: advances and prospects for under...

तिल (सीसेमम इंडिकम एल.), आमतौर पर जिनजेली, तिल और सिमिसम के नाम से भी जाना जाता है। १.८६ मिलियन हैकटर और ०.७१ मिलियन टन उत्पादन के साथ क्षेत्रफल और उत्पादन में भारत विश्व में प्रथम स्थान पर है। यह मुख्य रुप से राजस्थान, उत्तर प्रदेश , मध्य प्र्देश, गुजरात, पश्चिम बंगाल, आंध्र प्र्देश , तेलंगाना, कर्नाटक, महाराष्ट्र और तिमलनाडु में उगाया जाता है यह...

Soybean is an important crop, and physiologically, it is photosensitive in nature and therefore, is likely to be highly affected by the atmospheric brown clouds (ABCs) which reduce PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) availability, and moisture stress conditions those may prevail as a consequence of climate change scenario. Therefore, the impa...

Soybean is an important crop, and physiologically, it is photosensitive in nature and therefore, is likely to be highly affected by the atmospheric brown clouds (ABCs) which reduce PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) availability, and moisture stress conditions those may prevail as a consequence of climate change scenario. Therefore, the impa...

Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change is becoming increasingly apparent in recent years. During 2014 and 2015, India experienced trails of unusually widespread and untimely hailstorm events. The increased frequency of hailstorm events, especially in vulnerable ecosystem of Deccan Plateau region of India demanded appropriate measures to min...

Supplemental irrigation, drought tolerant cultivars and use of plant bioregulators are now being proposed as the key strategy to unlock the yield potential and stabilize the yield of wheat grown in rainfed areas. Experiments were therefore conducted during 2013-2015 using line source sprinklers (LSS) to determine the interactive effects of quantiti...

Productivity of sorghum and wheat, important staple food crops, continues to be low, especially when cultivated in drylands or with limited water supplies. Plant bioregulators (PBRs), like thiourea, salicylic acid and sodium benzoate, seem to play a vital role in enhancing yield and water productivity of these crops.

The edible legumes are major dietary protein in vegetarian diets. However, in most of the legumes, the biologically active secondary metabolites (SMs) such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, trypsin (protease) inhibitors, phytates, hemagluttinins (lectins), oxalates, cyanogenic glycosides, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, gossypol, and othe...