Ratna Meidyawati

• Head of Department at University of Indonesia

Background The self-etch adhesive system modifies but does not completely remove the smear layer, leading to the weakening of the bond strength due to the formation of a hybridized layer. Smear-layer deproteinization with papain enzyme partially removes the smear layer, and increases the bond strength with self-etch adhesive. The aim was to develop...

Objective Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has several challenges as an apex closure material, such as a long hardening time, making it susceptible to dissolution and being washed away by blood flow, a gritty consistency that is difficult to manipulate, and low compression resistance. In addition, the antibacterial properties of MTA against E...

Background The smear layer causes a weak bond to dentin; therefore, removal of the smear layer with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution was recommended. EDTA can cause erosion and changes in dentin’s microhardness. Hence, natural products that are biocompatible and have fewer side effects are being developed, one of which is Tamarindus...

Objective The aim of this article was to evaluate the effects of modifying glass ionomer cement (GIC) with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) on surface morphology and remineralization outcomes by examining dentin morphology and calcium ion composition changes. Materials and Methods Thirty holes in a cylindrical acrylic mold were filled with three groups...

Background: 35% Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as an active material for internal bleaching produce free radicals that can affect the adhesive system. Application of 10% and 35% green tea (GT) extract as an antioxidant after 2 minutes are expected can remove free radical residues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of 10% and 35% GT extr...

Background: 35% Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as an active material for internal bleaching can produce free radicals that can affect resin tag penetration into the dentinal tubules. Application of 10% and 35% green tea (GT) extract as an antioxidant after 2 minutes are expected to remove free radical residues and increase dentin shear bond strength...

Introduction: Glass ionomer cement is a material for treating dental caries. The disadvantage of glass ionomer cement is that if it comes into contact with acids before maturation, there will be a decrease in mechanical properties which is indicated by a decrease in surface hardness. Surface hardness has a relationship with aesthetics and resistanc...

Objective This study aimed to analyze, evaluate, and characterize novel cement-based carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP). Materials and Methods The three cement groups studied were gypsum (Gyp), and CMC/ACP—gypsum cement-based 5% (5% CAG) and 10% (10% CAG). The groups were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spec...

Objective A combination of self-etch and additional etch techniques as pre-cementation procedures for fiber post restoration was reported able to increase the bonding of adhesive material. This research aimed to determine the effects of different etching techniques on resin cement penetration into dentinal tubules. Materials and methods Thirty-two...

Polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process used polyaspartic acid as an analog non-collagenous protein to prevent spontaneous nucleation of calcium and phosphate before entering the intrafibrillar compartment. Fluoride was added for the formation of fluorapatite crystals. Objective of this study is determining the effect on dentinal hardness w...

Objective: Several studies suggest that 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), an effective irrigation solution against Candida albicans biofilm, is toxic to host cells,thus an effective and safe alternative irrigation solution is needed. Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) containing xanthorrhizol (XNT) hasbeen reported to have an antifungal effect, yet n...

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the intrafibrillar remineralization process and the size of hydroxyapatite crystals formed.Methods: The samples were divided into four groups. The control group was immersed in a demineralization solution, whereas the remaining threetreatment groups were immersed in a remineralization solution c...

Objective: BioRoot™ , which contains pure calcium silicate, is used in cold lateral compaction. However, hydroxyl ions are still released when BioRoot™is used in warm vertical compaction. This study compared the effects of cold and warm vertical compaction obturation on the push-out bond strengthof BioRoot™.Methods: Specimens from 16 root canals in...

Objective: Caries treatment can be performed by minimal intervention, i.e., by removing the infected dentin and leaving the affected dentin and theninducing remineralization in the affected dentin. The affected dentin still consists of collagen cross bonds. Polymer-induced liquid precursor processis a guided tissue remineralization method that aims...

Objective: This study aims to analyze remineralization that occurred in demineralized dentin following polyaspartic acid (pAsp) in PILP immersion.Methods: Sixteen dentin block samples were immersed in demineralized solution. The samples were divided into controls (no pAsp immersion) orpAsp immersion for 3, 7, or 14 days (n’s=4). The samples were ev...

Objective: The main objective of endodontic treatment is to remove microorganisms from the root canal space and prevents reinfection. Deep penetration of the dentinal tubule is advantageous because it increases the contact area between the root canal filling material and dentin, thereby increasing the sealing quality of the entire root canal system...

Objective: Endodontic infections are treated with a root canal; one of the stages involves using an irrigation solution to eliminate microorganisms.Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is an irrigation solution used to eliminate Fusobacterium nucleatum, the common cause of primary endodonticinfections. However, this material is synthetic and can cause side...

Objective: In root canal treatments, chlorhexidine (CHX) is widely used for irrigation and is effective in killing Enterococcus faecalis. CHX is a syntheticchemical and is toxic to host cells; therefore, natural or herbal irrigation solutions, which are safer but still effective, are necessary. The aim of thisstudy is to analyze the effect of xanth...

Objective: Root canal preparation procedures can produce a smear layer when in contact with the root canal wall, which can result in treatmentfailure. As such, the cross-section shape of the file may influence the production of smear layer. In this study, we compared the smear layer productionat the apical third of the root canal wall between files...

Objective: The main objective of endodontic treatment is to prevent further infection or reinfection by eliminating microorganisms within theroot canal system. Proper endodontic treatment could prevent apical and coronal penetration of fluids and microorganisms. Endodontic sealer isvital components of root canal obturation to establish a fluid-tigh...

Broken files affect cleaning, shaping, and filling processes of the root canal, thereby causing maintenance failure. Objective . This report explains how to remove broken files using ultrasonic instruments and endodontic micro forceps. Case Report . A 25-year-old female patient had incomplete root canal treatment at the lower right first molar 1 we...

Objective: Biocompatibility refers to the manner in which materials respond to living cells and includes cytotoxicity, cytogenicity, genotoxicity, andcarcinogenicity. To determine cytogenicity, we count the micronuclei that form after applying materials to living cells. Sealer is a chemical materialthat can be directly contacted in periapical tissu...

Objective: Candida albicans is a predominant fungal species found in persistent root canal infection, and its virulence depends on the ability to formbiofilms. To be able to eliminate this infection, a safe irrigation solution during root canal preparation is needed. This study is conducted to investigatethe antifungal properties of secang heartwoo...

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)sealers on Enterococcus faecalis at various time points after the preparation of the sealer.Methods: Antimicrobial activity of MTA and Ca(OH)2 sealer on E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was assessed by the dir...

Objective: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial efficacy of green tea extract to chlorhexidine 2% against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm usingreal-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC 29212 colonies were collected from overnight cultures grown on brain–heart infusion agar (BHIA) and resuspendedat 108 CFU/...

Enterococcus faecalis is the common bacteria causing persistent root canal infections, and its virulence is 1000 times stronger in biofilms than planktons. Chlorhexidin is a golden standard irrigation material in eliminating E. faecalis in endodontic treatment, however it has cytotoxicity, which can increase the number of free radicals with risk of...

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as a root canal irrigant during endodontic treatment, may dissolve organic part of the dentin structure, especially collagen. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of irrigation with 2.5% and 5.25% NaOCl on collagen in dentin and shear bond strength (SBS) values of total-etch adhesive system to dentin with nano...

Grape seed extract (GSE) contains proanthocyanidin as a collagen crosslink, which determines the mechanical properties of dentin. This study aimed to analyze the effect of GSE solution on the flexural strength of root canal dentin. Ninety root canal dentin slabs were divided into three groups, and immersed in a GSE solution, in NaOCl and in aqua bi...

The pH of orange juice is below the critical pH of the enamel. Lately, consumption of orange juice has considerably increased because of its commercial availability. This study aims to investigate the impact of immersion time and juice types, both fresh and packaged, on enamel hardness. 60 premolars were immersed in fresh orange juice (n = 30) and...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of NAC as an endodontic irrigant on the clinical isolates of the Enterococcus faecalis biofilm.Methods: NAC with a pH of 2.5 and 11 (NAC pH 2.5 and NAC pH 11, respectively) were exposed to clinical isolates of E. faecalis biofilms for 1 min. The NAC samples were compared t...

Objective: Candida albicans is the most frequently found fungi in persistent root canal infections; it can form a biofilm and penetrate into dentinal tubules. Endodontic irrigants, such as 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), have antifungal properties, but limited penetration into dentinal tubules, which somewhat protects t...

Enterococcus faecalis bacteria are root canal pathogens that can migrate to periodontal tissue in true combined endo-perio lesions through apical foramen, dentinal tubules, and lateral and accessory canals. The same strain of E. faecalis in root canals and pocket periodonsium tissue in true combined endo-perio lesions showed pathological unity and...

Objective: To compare lateral compaction obturation with carrier-based gutta-percha and downpack-backfill. Material and Methods: Ninety tooth with single root canal were prepared with rotary Protaper and divided into 3 groups: Group 1 obturated with lateral heated compaction (LHC), Group 2 with carrier-based gutta-percha (CP) and Group 3 with downp...

Objective: The elimination of bacteria from the root canal has always been a problem in root canal management, and Enterococcus faecalis often found in the persistent intraradicular infections that occur after poor or unsuccessful endodontic treatments. The use of an irrigant with a diode laser adjunct eliminates this bacteria. To analyze and compa...

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of grape seed extract (GSE) solution as dentin biomodification on microleakagebetween composite resin and dentin.Methods: A total of 52 dentin specimens were divided into two groups. Group 1 involved the application of GSE solution for 30 seconds after etching.Group 2 served as the...

One of the main factors that determines the success of root canal treatment is the instrumentation confined to the root canal; specific methods are available for measuring its working length. This study aims to compare the accuracy of two types of apex locators and evaluate the influence of coronal preflaring on their use. The working lengths of si...

Perforation is one of the most common complications in endodontic treatment and can result in significant negative effects. It occurs when practitioners are trying to create an access pathway to the pulp chamber. Contamination from the perforation site to the root canal decreases healing ability; therefore, perforation must be treated as soon as it...

On deep carious lesions, only thin dentine remains, causing a high risk of pulp exposure during the removal of all infected dentine. A minimally invasive technique is required, such as a partial caries excavation method in the infected dentine tissue and the use of bioactive material that can promote (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) MTA remineralizatio...

Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) have gained interest as an alternative source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Although many studies have characterized Wharton's Jelly biologically, the effects of different concentrations in a cultured medium have not yet been compared. Damaged fibroblasts, the primary components of...

Despite the excellence properties of mineral trioxide aggregate sealer (MTAS), it may have some influence in its sealing ability. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare sealing ability of MTAS and resin epoxy sealer (RES). Thirty-two extracted human lower premolar teeth had their canals prepared with ProTaper Universal. This group div...

To analyze the antibacterial effect of Bioceramic and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) sealers against Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates at 2 minutes (fresh), 4 hours (initial setting), 1 day, and 7 days after the sealers were mixed. The antibacterial effects of Bioceramic and MTA sealers were assessed by direct contact tests. Each sealer dir...

This study aims to evaluate the effect of anti-Streptococcus mutans IgY gel on quantity of S. mutans on rats' tooth surface. Sprague Dawley rats were exposed intraorally with S. mutans Xc and were fed a caries-inducing diet 2000. The 24 rats were divided into four groups: group A had their teeth coated with IgY gel; group B received sterilized wate...

Radiotherapy as a treatment of modality, aside from other modalities such as surgery and chemotherapy, has been achieved not far off the discovery of X ray at the end of 19th century. Combined external radiation and brachytherapy on the treatment of oral cavity malignancies has shown good result with reasonable toxicities. Mechanism of radiotherapy...

Therapy of radiation is chosen therapy for oral cancer especially Carcininoma Nasopharynx, however, often caused changes in normal tissue in the oral cavity. Based on the anamneses of the patient, they have dry mouth since the disturbance of the function of parotid salivary gland has causing the saliva amount become lower. This condition can encour...

The purpose of this research is to determine the difference of affected dentin micro-hardness after removal of infected dentin using chemo-mechanical and excavation technique, before and after filling with GIC for 30 days. Thirty-two permanent molar teeth divided into 4 groups, 1: removal of infected dentin using chemo-mechanical technique, 2: remo...

Objectives: To assess the reactivity of 2% anti Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans ) Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) gel following a 30 days storage in a room temperature. Methods: The study used a mix of anti S. mutans IgY and gel agent analyzed with ELISA test. We also used pure IgY powder diluted in saline as a positive control and a plain gel and PBS as n...