Rashid A. Saeed

• Professor
• Professor at Taif University

An innovative approach is proposed to improve capacity performance by including dynamic reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (DRIS) in the downlink (DL) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) power domain (PD) systems with massive multiple-input, multiple-output) (mMIMO) in the setting of 6G wireless networks. To guarantee the system’s best performan...

As the features and characteristics of six-generation (6G) connectivity are defined, advanced technologies such as multiple-input, multiple-output (mMIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are becoming more important for many Internets of Things (IoT) uses. This study comprehensively and uniquely...

This article examines the performance of cooperative NOMA systems in a massive MIMO configuration inside the sixth-generation (6G) network, including scenarios with and without reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). The emphasis is on comprehending the effects of implementing static, dynamic, and intelligent RIS on the capacity of the cooperati...

Wireless networks have been experiencing a very substantial increase in the delivered amount of data with high speed, due to the expansion of wireless applications. Physical-layer Network Coding (PNC) combined with MIMO techniques is introduced to optimize performance metrics and provide increased data throughput and full diversity gain. This paper...

Mobile networks are now growing quickly due to major advancements in wireless technology especially with the introduction of the Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR). A greater risk of exposure to electromagnetic field radiation (EMF) is being raised by the widespread deployment of base stations (BSs). Standard guidelines are set to control the amoun...

Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) support long-range communication that suits them for varied IoT applications such as asset tracking, environmental monitoring, agricultural management, work site monitoring, fleet management, and smart cities. Even with the large number of connected devices, LPWANs are more power efficient than traditional IoT...

The vision and major elements of the fifth generation (5G) ecosystem have previously been explored. We examine how security may impact the envisioned 5G wireless systems and the challenges and potential solutions to aid in these efforts and define the security and privacy aspects of 5G networks. 5G networks have provided solutions for quicker machi...

Internet of underwater things (IoUT) is a technology enabling underwater sensor nodes to communicate with the IoT networks to support various applications. Efficient energy utilization and network lifetime are the two main critical issues related to the IoUT. Both performance factors are related to how efficiently the routing protocol is tailored e...

ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been improving and widely spreading to be an integral part of many applications, including IoT, IoV, and smart cities, among other known applications. Traditional AI has a complicated nature when attempting to create models to perform a certain task. Explainable AI (XAI) has been introduced to overcome the...

The chapter investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are incorporated into engineering education and looks at how they affect methods of instruction and learning. An overview of the many uses of AI in engineering education is given, including data analytics, intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, virtual labora...

This chapter explores the symbiotic relationship between AI and education, highlighting its transformative impact and potential to bridge educational disparities. It provides insights into using AI to create engaging and efficient learning environments, covering various topics such as AI-driven teaching techniques, ethical considerations, and case...

Blockchain technology has gained prominence recently by virtue of its strong security features for clinical data. Automation of blockchain transactions enables data transactions and records, providing decentralized, secure, and dependable access. Through intelligence-sharing agreements, it can also manage member relationships without the need for a...

The internet of things (IoT) has recently received a lot of attention, and it is an appealing technology that allows for the inclusion of intelligence in many applications by allowing communication between things, machines, and all things with people. It enables the exchange of environmental information with people via systems and software in a var...

Wildlife monitoring is critical for ecological study, conservation, and wildlife management, but traditional approaches have drawbacks. The combination of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with machine learning (ML) offers a viable approach to overcoming the limits of traditional wildlife monitoring methods and improving wildlife management and conse...

This chapter provides an overview of the diverse applications of ML in UAVs for object and people detection and tracking. It begins by examining the current landscape of ML-driven UAV technologies and their potential. The related work section discusses the advancements in object and people detection and tracking. The subsequent sections delve into...

This chapter focuses on the enhancement of medical services through the integration of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and machine learning algorithms. It explores the broad spectrum of applications and benefits that arise from combining these two technologies. By employing UAVs for automated delivery, medical supplies can be efficiently t...

Data security and privacy have emerged as businesses struggle with the growing digitization of operations and the abundance of data in the age of artificial intelligence and digital twins. An overview of the issues and solutions relating to data security and privacy in the context of AI and digital twins is given in this chapter. The chapter emphas...

Efficient path planning optimization strategies are required to maximize flying time while consuming the least energy. This research offers a novel approach for energy-efficient path planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that combines a hybrid evolutionary algorithm and Q-learning while accounting for the UAV’s velocity and distance from obs...

Nowadays, significant developments in wireless technologies and solutions have led to the rapid expansion of mobile networks, and its expected to grow more, particularly with the launch of the Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR). The deployment of a large number of base stations (BSs) is raising concerns about the potential for increased exposure to...

"Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Teaching Methods" is a comprehensive exploration of the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the field of education. This book delves into the role of AI in revolutionizing teaching methods and enhancing the learning experience for students of all ages. It offers insights into AI-powered persona...

Nowadays, the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) provides many marine 5G applications. However, it has some issues with energy efficiency and network lifetime. The network clustering approach is efficient for optimizing energy consumption, especially for underwater acoustic communications. Recently, many algorithms have been developed related to...

This paper focuses on downlink power allocation for a cognitive radio-based non-orthogonal multiple access (CR-NOMA) system in a femtocell environment involving device-to-device (D2D) communication. The proposed power allocation scheme employs the greedy asynchronous distributed interference avoidance (GADIA) algorithm. This research aims to optimi...

While the cloudification of networks with a micro-services-oriented design is a well-known feature of 5G, the 6G era of networks is closely related to intelligent network orchestration and management. Consequently, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have a big part to play in the 6G paradigm that is being im...

Recently, the concept of smart cities has been linked to artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, which greatly help in improving the efficiency of various applications related to smart cities and the green environment. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques play an important role in upgrading the design of control and management...

Navigation and trajectory planning algorithms is one of the most important issues in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and robotics. Recently, UAV swarm or flying ad-hoc network which have much interest and extensive attentions from aviation industry, academia and research community, as it becomes one of the great tools for smart cities, rescue/disaste...

Robotics plays a significant part in raising the standard of living. With a variety of useful applications in several service sectors, such as transportation, manufacturing, and healthcare. In order to make these services useable with efficacy and efficiency in having robotics obey the directions supplied to them by the program, continuous improvem...

Drones are increasingly vital in numerous fields, such as commerce, delivery services, and military operations. Therefore, it is essential to develop advanced systems for detecting and recognizing drones to ensure the safety and security of airspace. This paper aimed to develop a robust solution for detecting and recognizing drones and birds in air...

The recent years have seen a proven impact of the reinforcement learning use in many applications which showed tremendous success in solving many decision-making paradigms in machine learning. Most of the successful applications involves the existence of more than one agent, which makes it fall into the multi-agent category, taking autonomous drivi...

The ever-increasing growth in wireless applications and services indicates the importance of effective use of the limited radio spectrum. Cognitive Radio enables unauthorized secondary users opportunistic access to channels not used by primary users if interference with primary users (PUs) does not exceed pre-defined limits. System modules may be r...

In recent years, many applications have appeared that use GPS systems extensively, especially in GPS data-based traffic monitoring systems for phones and smart vehicles as well. These systems help to provide information about movement, speed, geographical location, and some other information related to traffic. Currently, these systems interact wit...

Health digital GIS map provides a great solution for medical geographical distribution to efficiently explore diseases and health services. In Sudan, tuberculosis disease is expanding in different areas, which requires a digital GIS map to collect information about the patients and support medical institutions by geographical distribution based on...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is one of the most effective techniques for meeting the spectrum efficiency (SE) requirements of 5G and beyond networks. This paper presents two novel methods for improving the SE of the downlink (DL) NOMA power domain (PD) integrated with a cooperative cognitive radio network (CCRN) in a 5G network using singl...

In recent years, the development of wireless technologies has led to fast growth in mobile networks, especially with the rise of 5G New Radio (5G NR). A huge number of base stations (BSs) are mandatory to serve the growth of mobile services, which has led to concerns about the increase in electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exposure levels. To co...

Due to the advancement of wireless communications, Internet of Things (IoT) becomes a promising technology in today's digital world. For the enhancement of underwater applications such as ocean exploration, deep-sea monitoring, underwater surveillance, diver network monitoring, location and object tracking, etc., Internet of underwater things (IoUT...

In cognitive radio networks (CoR), the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing is improved by reducing the overall error rate or maximizing the detection probability. Several optimization methods are usually used to optimize the number of user-chosen for cooperation and the threshold selection. However, these methods do not take into account th...

COVID pandemic has reshaped the world as it has been known to us and the education system is one of the most affected by it. Due to social distancing, quarantines and isolations have made it impossible for the knowledge transition to the masses using conventional methods. For cope with pandemic, the only other way available for some of the fortunat...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has recently gained much research attention as a possible multiple access solution for fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication. The NOMA can further enhance spectral performance compared with orthogonal multiple access (OMA). This paper focuses on the joint optimization problem of power control and user gr...

Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been rapidly developing and has been well utilized in the field of smart city monitoring. The IoT offers new opportunities for cities to use data remotely for the monitoring, smart management, and control of device mechanisms that enable the processing of large volumes of data in real time. The IoT supports t...

Cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a technology that addresses many challenges in future wireless generation networks by delivering a large amount of connectivity and huge system capacity. The aim of this paper is to design the varied distances and power location coefficients for far users. In addition, this paper aims to evaluate...

Agile Enterprise GIS Development (AEGISD) is an environment with a high collaborative feature, needs to be achieved by active communications between the stakeholders. Recently, a number of researchers and users have been interested in Enterprise GIS due to its capabilities in providing a number of services related to co-locate Business. The benefit...

The integration of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technologies is a hybrid technology that overcomes a myriad of problems in the 5G cellular system and beyond, including massive connectivity, low latency, and high dependability. The goal of this paper is to improve and reassess the bit error rate (BE...

In cooperative mobile communications, spectrum sensing performance may encounter difficulties, which alert with many reporting errors, especially in dense network scenarios. In such networks, the decision fusion process for cooperating users becomes very complex, which requires sensing heavy traffic that needs a large bandwidth. To enhance the reli...

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been used to describe the characteristics of information, as they help in the process of data mining (DM) to analyze data and reveal rules and patterns. In DM, anomaly detection is an important area that helps discover hidden behavior within the data that is most vulnerable to attack. It also h...

Due to the increase in healthcare data provided by IoT, there is a need to use new methods for data analysis. Machine learning (ML) techniques promise solutions for many challenges facing the IoT-based healthcare services. MLs provide significant improvement in different IoT aspects related to storage size, computational power, and data transfer sp...

Recently, Drones and UAV research were becoming one of the interest topics for academia and industry, where it has been extensively addressed in the literature back the few years. Path planning of drones in an area with complex terrain or unknown environment and restricted by some obstacles is one of the most problems facing the operation of drones...

In recent times, energy related issues have become challenging with the increasing size of data centers. Energy related issues problems are becoming more and more serious with the growing size of data centers. Green cloud computing (GCC) becomes a recent computing platform which aimed to handle energy utilization in cloud data centers. Load balanci...

Cognitive radio is one of the most promising technologies due to the spectrum scarcity, especially in the microwave band. Spectrum sensing forms an essential functionality for CR systems. However, such detection performance is usually compromised by shadowing and fading channel conditions. Cooperative sensing is one of the crucial solutions to over...